不同检测方法在无偿献血者乙肝表面抗原弱阳性标本中的应用

目的:探讨不同检测方法-胶体金免疫层析方法(GICA)、酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)、核酸检测方法(NAT)以及电化学发光免疫检测方法(ECLIA)在乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)表达为弱阳性的无偿献血者的标本诊断中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2016年1月至2018年12月在本院进行无偿献血的132份血液标本,HBsAg表达均呈弱阳性。采取ECLIA、ELISA、GICA以及NAT给予定量检测。以ECLIA法的检测结果作为标准,比较ELISA法、GICA法以及NAT法的特异度、敏感度。结果:GICA法的特异度以及灵敏度均明显低于ELISA法以及NAT法(P<0.05),ELISA法以及NAT法的特异度以及灵敏度比较接近。结论:ECLIA法、ELISA法、GICA法以及NAT法在HBsAg表达为弱阳性的无偿献血者标本的诊断中各有优缺点,相比较而言,ELISA法检测的特异度、敏感度更高。

Network address translation traversal based on Bernoulli laws of large number in P2P streaming system

P2P streaming application must realize network address translation （NAT） traversal. To handle low success ratio of the existing NAT traversal algorithm, UPnP-STUN （UPUN） and port-mapping sample estimation （PMSE） algorithm are recommended in this paper. UPUN is the combination of UPnP and STUN, and PMSE utilizes port mapping samples added by symmetric NAT for different sessions to estimate regularity of port mapping of symmetric NAT, which takes advantage of the Bernoulli law of large numbers. Besides, for the situation that both peers are behind NAT, and to handle heavy relay server load when many inner peers want to communicate with each other, a peer auxiliary-relay （PAR） algorithm is presented. PAR lets outer peers with sufficient bandwidth act as relay servers to alleviate pressure of real server, which could avoid NAT traversal failure caused by single point failure of relay server. Finally, experiments show that the proposed algorithms could improve the success ratio significantly for NAT traversal in P2P streaming application as well as improve P2P streaming application applicability.

核酸检测与酶免检测在献血者血液筛查中的实施效果

在献血者血液筛查中应用ELISA法、NAT法检测,分析两者的应用价值。方法:选取2019年7月-2021年7月本站无偿献血者血液标本1058份,首先应用EILSA法检测,对EILSA法检测合格标本应用NAT法检测。分析ELISA法、NAT法的HBV、HIV、HCV检测结果。结果:本组1058例样本,ELISA检测阳性率13.52%,HBV、HIV、HCV阳性率分别为9.64%、3.02%、0.85%,ELISA检测阴性样本中,NAT检测阳性率11.80%,HBV、HIV、HCV阳性率分别为6.07%、2.34%、2.48%。结论:在献血者血液筛查中应用ELISA法具有一定的漏诊率,通过NAT法再次筛查可降低漏诊风险,进一步保障输血安全。