Transport of fast ions is a crucial issue during the operation of ITER.Redistribution of neutral beam injection(NBI)fast ions by the ideal internal magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)instabilities in ITER is studied utilizing th...Transport of fast ions is a crucial issue during the operation of ITER.Redistribution of neutral beam injection(NBI)fast ions by the ideal internal magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)instabilities in ITER is studied utilizing the guiding-center code ORBIT(White R B and Chance M S 1984Phys.Fluids 272455).Effects of the perturbation amplitude A of the internal kink,the perturbation frequency f of the fishbone instability,and the toroidal mode number n of the internal kink are investigated,respectively,in this work.The n=1 internal kink mode can cause NBI fast ions transporting in real space from regions of 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53,where s labels the normalized plasma radial coordinate.The transport of fast ions is greater as the perturbation amplitude increases.The maximum relative change of the number of fast ions approaches 5%when the perturbation amplitude rises to 500 G.A strong transport is generated between the regions of 0<s≤0.05 and 0.05<s≤0.12 in the presence of the fishbone instability.Higher frequency results in greater transport,and the number of fast ions in 0<s≤0.05 is reduced by 30%at the fishbone frequency of 100 k Hz.Perturbations with higher n will lead to the excursion of fast ion transport regions outward along the radial direction.The loss of fast ions,however,is not affected by the internal MHD perturbation.Strong transport from 0<s≤0.05 to 0.05<s≤0.12 does not influence the plasma heating power of ITER,since the NBI fast ions are still located in the plasma core.On the other hand,the influence of fast ion transport from 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53 needs further study.展开更多
窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的...窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的光学特性达到窥镜下的染色效果。日美等发达国家已经广泛应用NBI于消化道、妇科、呼吸道等疾病的内镜检查多年,是一项相对成熟的黏膜检查技术。近年来，随着NBI于头颈部肿瘤诊断领域的应用的不断推广和完善，NBI技术不仅能发现肿瘤，还可以观察肿瘤的累及范围，指导手术术式和范围，预期预后。本文结合国内外NBI在头颈肿瘤中的应用进行综述。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFE03060002,2019YFE03090100)by the Innovation Program of Southwestern Institute of Physics(No.202001XWCXRC001)partly supported by the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team of Sichuan Province(No.2022JDTD0003)。
文摘Transport of fast ions is a crucial issue during the operation of ITER.Redistribution of neutral beam injection(NBI)fast ions by the ideal internal magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)instabilities in ITER is studied utilizing the guiding-center code ORBIT(White R B and Chance M S 1984Phys.Fluids 272455).Effects of the perturbation amplitude A of the internal kink,the perturbation frequency f of the fishbone instability,and the toroidal mode number n of the internal kink are investigated,respectively,in this work.The n=1 internal kink mode can cause NBI fast ions transporting in real space from regions of 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53,where s labels the normalized plasma radial coordinate.The transport of fast ions is greater as the perturbation amplitude increases.The maximum relative change of the number of fast ions approaches 5%when the perturbation amplitude rises to 500 G.A strong transport is generated between the regions of 0<s≤0.05 and 0.05<s≤0.12 in the presence of the fishbone instability.Higher frequency results in greater transport,and the number of fast ions in 0<s≤0.05 is reduced by 30%at the fishbone frequency of 100 k Hz.Perturbations with higher n will lead to the excursion of fast ion transport regions outward along the radial direction.The loss of fast ions,however,is not affected by the internal MHD perturbation.Strong transport from 0<s≤0.05 to 0.05<s≤0.12 does not influence the plasma heating power of ITER,since the NBI fast ions are still located in the plasma core.On the other hand,the influence of fast ion transport from 0<s≤0.32 to 0.32<s≤0.53 needs further study.
文摘窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的光学特性达到窥镜下的染色效果。日美等发达国家已经广泛应用NBI于消化道、妇科、呼吸道等疾病的内镜检查多年,是一项相对成熟的黏膜检查技术。近年来，随着NBI于头颈部肿瘤诊断领域的应用的不断推广和完善，NBI技术不仅能发现肿瘤，还可以观察肿瘤的累及范围，指导手术术式和范围，预期预后。本文结合国内外NBI在头颈肿瘤中的应用进行综述。
