Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng(2n=2x=14,NsNs)is regarded as a valuable wild relative species for common wheat cultivar improvement because of its abundant beneficial agronomic traits.However,although the development ...Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng(2n=2x=14,NsNs)is regarded as a valuable wild relative species for common wheat cultivar improvement because of its abundant beneficial agronomic traits.However,although the development of many wheat–P.huashanica-derived lines provides a germplasm base for the transfer of excellent traits,the lag in the identification of P.huashanica chromosomes in the wheat background has limited the study of these lines.In this study,three novel nondenaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH)-positive oligo probes were developed.Among them,HS-TZ3 and HS-TZ4 could specifically hybridize with P.huashanica chromosomes,mainly in the telomere area,and HS-CHTZ5 could hybridize with the chromosomal centromere area.We sequentially constructed a P.huashanica FISH karyotype and idiogram that helped identify the homologous groups of introduced P.huashanica chromosomes.In detail,1Ns and 2Ns had opposite signals on the short and long arms,3Ns,4Ns,and 7Ns had superposed two-color signals,5Ns and 6Ns had fluorescent signals only on their short arms,and 7Ns had signals on the intercalary of the long arm.In addition,we evaluated different ways to identify alien introgression lines by using low-density single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)arrays and recommended the SNP homozygosity rate in each chromosome as a statistical pattern.The 15K SNP array is widely applicable for addition,substitution,and translocation lines,and the 40K SNP array is the most accurate for recognizing transposed intervals between wheat and alien chromosomes.Our research provided convenient methods to distinguish the homologous group of P.huashanica chromosomes in a common wheat background based on ND-FISH and SNP arrays,which is of great significance for efficiently identifying wheat–P.huashanica-derived lines and the further application of Ns chromosomes.展开更多
六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究...六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究和利用奠定基础。以六倍体小黑麦16引171为母本,六倍体小麦川麦62为父本配制杂交及回交组合,利用非变性荧光原位杂交技术(non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization,ND-FISH)对F1、BC1F1和BC1F2植株进行细胞学跟踪鉴定。结果表明,杂种F1回交结实率为2.61%;BC1F1植株2R染色体传递频率最高;BC1F2植株中黑麦染色体在后代的传递率为6R>4R>2R,小麦背景中5B-7B相互易位染色体在BC1F2植株中表现出严重偏分离。在BC1F1和BC1F2植株中观察到24种结构变异染色体,包括染色体片段、等臂易位染色体、易位染色体以及双着丝粒染色体,且部分BC1F2植株的种子表现粒长和千粒重均优于六倍体小麦亲本川麦62。因此,在利用六倍体小黑麦作为桥梁向普通小麦导入黑麦遗传物质时,应尽量采取多次回交的方式,使D组染色体迅速恢复,保证后代育性的恢复,同时关注染色体结构变异材料的潜在应用价值。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31501301)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0100904)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(162300410077)the International Cooperation Project of Henan Province,China(172102410052)。
文摘Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng(2n=2x=14,NsNs)is regarded as a valuable wild relative species for common wheat cultivar improvement because of its abundant beneficial agronomic traits.However,although the development of many wheat–P.huashanica-derived lines provides a germplasm base for the transfer of excellent traits,the lag in the identification of P.huashanica chromosomes in the wheat background has limited the study of these lines.In this study,three novel nondenaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH)-positive oligo probes were developed.Among them,HS-TZ3 and HS-TZ4 could specifically hybridize with P.huashanica chromosomes,mainly in the telomere area,and HS-CHTZ5 could hybridize with the chromosomal centromere area.We sequentially constructed a P.huashanica FISH karyotype and idiogram that helped identify the homologous groups of introduced P.huashanica chromosomes.In detail,1Ns and 2Ns had opposite signals on the short and long arms,3Ns,4Ns,and 7Ns had superposed two-color signals,5Ns and 6Ns had fluorescent signals only on their short arms,and 7Ns had signals on the intercalary of the long arm.In addition,we evaluated different ways to identify alien introgression lines by using low-density single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)arrays and recommended the SNP homozygosity rate in each chromosome as a statistical pattern.The 15K SNP array is widely applicable for addition,substitution,and translocation lines,and the 40K SNP array is the most accurate for recognizing transposed intervals between wheat and alien chromosomes.Our research provided convenient methods to distinguish the homologous group of P.huashanica chromosomes in a common wheat background based on ND-FISH and SNP arrays,which is of great significance for efficiently identifying wheat–P.huashanica-derived lines and the further application of Ns chromosomes.
文摘六倍体小黑麦是普通小麦品种遗传改良的重要基因资源,可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础。本研究以六倍体小黑麦为供体向普通小麦转移黑麦染色质,以探明六倍体小黑麦×六倍体小麦杂交、回交后代的染色体遗传特性,为小黑麦种质材料的后续研究和利用奠定基础。以六倍体小黑麦16引171为母本,六倍体小麦川麦62为父本配制杂交及回交组合,利用非变性荧光原位杂交技术(non-denaturing florescence in situ hybridization,ND-FISH)对F1、BC1F1和BC1F2植株进行细胞学跟踪鉴定。结果表明,杂种F1回交结实率为2.61%;BC1F1植株2R染色体传递频率最高;BC1F2植株中黑麦染色体在后代的传递率为6R>4R>2R,小麦背景中5B-7B相互易位染色体在BC1F2植株中表现出严重偏分离。在BC1F1和BC1F2植株中观察到24种结构变异染色体,包括染色体片段、等臂易位染色体、易位染色体以及双着丝粒染色体,且部分BC1F2植株的种子表现粒长和千粒重均优于六倍体小麦亲本川麦62。因此,在利用六倍体小黑麦作为桥梁向普通小麦导入黑麦遗传物质时,应尽量采取多次回交的方式,使D组染色体迅速恢复,保证后代育性的恢复,同时关注染色体结构变异材料的潜在应用价值。
