Primary Research of Immunological Mechanism of Combined Hepatitis A-Measles-Varicella Vaccine

To explore the primary humoral and cellular immunological mechanism of the combined hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine, the mice were inoculated with hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine by intraperitoneally and two weeks later, blood was collected to observe the mice＇s immunological status. Antibody level was measured to appraise the humoral immunity. At the same time, T lymphocyte surface marker, NK cell activity, LAK cell activity, delayed type hypersensitivity of skin, Mφ phagocytic function, mRNA level of cytokine IL-2 and IFN-γ plus lymphocyte transformation test were used to analyze the cellular immunity. The humoral immunity results show that the combined hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine produce the same antibody level as their corresponding univalent vaccine, and maintained fine immunogenicity and security. The result of cellular immunity shows that the combined vaccine could activate physical immunocyte, increase the regulative ability of cytokine, enhance the physical immune function and immune defense ability. The present research proved the security and better humoral and cellular immunity of combined hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine from the immunological point of view, which laid good foundation for further study and development.

Clinical Trial of Measles and Rubella Combined Vaccine Produced by POLYVAC in Vietnam

A clinical trial of measles and rubella combined vaccine (MR: MRVAC) produced by POLYVAC was conducted in Vietnam in 2016. A total of 756 subjects were enrolled, and 504 were allocated to MRVAC and 252 to control MR vaccine groups. Paired sera were obtained in 733, and the number of subjects was 403 aged 1 - 2 years, 164 aged 2 - 18 years, and 166 aged 18 - 45 years. Antibodies against measles and rubella viruses were evaluated by EIA. Most subjects had been immunized with a single dose of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) measles vaccine at 9 months of age. Only 41 of 403 subjects aged 1 - 2 years were negative for measles antibody before vaccination, and all became seroconverted. A serological response of more than a 2-fold increase against measles was noted in 214 (47%, 95% CI;42.4% - 51.6%) of 458 initially seropositive individuals immunized with MRVAC and 65 (28%, 95% CI;22.3% - 33.8%) of 234 in the control group, and geometric mean titer (GMT) after vaccination was 25.49-5.60 in MRVAC and 25.03-5.24 in control group. Seroconversion against rubella virus after immunization with MRVAC was noted in 267 (98.5%, 95% CI;97.1% - 100%) of 271 initially seronegative subjects, similar to that after immunization with control group. GMT after immunization with MRVAC was 24.88-5.11 significantly lower than that after immunization with control vaccine (25.59-5.80). Most subject ≥ 2 years of age had rubella antibody because of MR vaccination campaign and no significant serological response was observed in initially seronegatives. MRVAC was highly immunogenic and safe vaccine and the domestic production of MR vaccine would contribute to realizing the goal of eliminating measles and rubella.

Health Effects of Diseases Protected by Combined Vaccines Used in Albania

In order to increase the convenience of application and minimize logistical problems in the recent years, the use of combined vaccines has become a growing trend. The use of combined vaccines offers benefits such as, a reduction in the number of patient visits, less complications which are associated with multiple intramuscular drilling and other risks. In 1997 the Department of Epidemiology （DE） of Institute of Public Health initiated and carried out conspicuous quantitative and qualitative modifications of up-to-them statutory notification system thus compiling the new Major Disease-Based Epidemiological Surveillance System. Mandatory reporting system on Measles/Rubella Case-Based Surveillance represents in itself an addendum of the statutory reporting system of infectious diseases. These diseases are enlisted in the Group B of the 14/Sh Form. Diphtheria is enlisted in the Group A containing the infectious diseases of the highest public health importance. They are subject of a mandatory urgent notification from the basic level. The aim of this study is to examine and check up the effectiveness of combined vaccines in our country, through the evaluation of the data from national epidemiologic surveillance verifying the distributions in time and space of these diseases in relation to the history of vaccination policies in Albania.

Research on immune effect of two gene vaccines containing brZPC′and brLDHC_4′when in combined inoculation

ZPC and LDHC_4 play a key role in the process of recognition between sperm and egg or sperm movement,respectively.In this study,partial cDNA sequences of ZPC and LDH-C_4 of Microtus branditi(brZPC and brLDHC_4,respectively) were cloned by RT-PCR,and directly inserted into pCR3.1 vector to construct two gene vaccines(pCR3.1-brZPC' and pCR3.1-brLDHC'_4).pCR3.1-brZPC' and pCR3.1-brLDHC,' could express corresponding proteins in transiently transfected CHO cells.The adult female BALB/c mice were inoculated with the recombinant vaccine alone on in combination.The immunized mouse can produce specific antibody that recognizes the corresponding recombinant protein expressed by BL21 in vitro.Moreover,antibodies produced by combinedly immunized mouse were specific and direct,with no inhibitory effect between two vaccines observed when in combined inoculation.The test of cytokines indicated that the expression of IFNγin pCR3.1-brZPC'- and combinedly inoculated mouse increased obviously and the expression of IL2 in pCR3.l-brLDHC'_4- and combinedly inoculated mouse increased obviously,while the expression of IL4 in pCR3.1-brZPC,pCR3.l-brLDHC'_4 and combinedly inoculated group increased obviously.It was suggested that the combined inoculation with pCR3.1-brZPC' and pCR3.l-brLDHC'_4 could induce both humoral immune response and CTL response.In some sense,the combined inoculation may achieve a better contraceptive effect.The results also showed that,when used alone or in combination,these two recombinant vaccines did not do much harm to the follicular development of immunized mouse.So the combined inoculation with these two recombinant vaccines could be a better way to immunocontraception.This study may provide a theoretical basis for the following tests on antifertility in vivo.

Cyclooxygenase Inhibition in Cancer Immunotherapy: Combination of Indomethacin with Cancer Vaccines Is Not Always Beneficial

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, but preferable COX-2 catalyzes the synthesis of PGE2 in several tumors, promoting angiogenesis and a suppressive inflammation in their microenvironments. Different types of cancer vaccines have been combined with COX-2 inhibitors, assuming that its particular mechanism of action will not influence the overall results of the combination. In this research, a possible relationship between the type of cancer vaccine and the outcome of the combination with a COX inhibitor was experimentally addressed. We investigated whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) affect the immune response to vaccination. Three adjuvants were evaluated for humoral and cellular response using ovalbumin (OVA) as antigen. We evaluated also the impact of indomethacin in five tumor models and the correlation of this effect with the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of these cells. We finally studied the combination of indomethacin with two cancer vaccines in three different experimental settings. COX inhibitor did not interfere with dendritic cells maturation in vitro and did not affect the frequency of splenic immune cell populations in mice. However, the induction of OVA-specific antibodies is affected by the COX inhibitor but its impact on cytotoxic CD8+ T cell response is adjuvant-dependent. In contrast, the antitumor effect of the COX inhibitor in the 3LL-D122 tumor model is not mediated by CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, the in vivo effect observed in this model and others didn’t correlate with levels of PGE2 secretion by the tumor cell lines in vitro. Finally, the combination of a COX inhibitor with cancer vaccines may depend on the type of the cancer vaccine.

A Combination Vaccine against Encephalomyocarditis Virus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Induces Protective Immune Response in Pigs

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are common causative agents with high infection rate in pig farms, thus a combined vaccine against both EMCV and PCV2 is highly desirable. In the present study, we developed an oil-adjuvant combination vaccine candidate comprising of inactivated EMCV and PCV2, and evaluated the safety and immunogenicity in mice and swine. The combination vaccine was found to elicit serum antibodies and had strong neutralization activity, more importantly, passive immunization with the combined vaccine protected swine against either EMCV or PCV2 lethal infections, whereas the monovalent vaccine only prevent the one of two virus challenge. Our results demonstrated the combined vaccine was safe and induced protective immune response in mice and swine as evident from sero-conservation as well as challenge studies in swine, indicating that component vaccines did not interfere with the immunogenicity of each other.

Immuno-Chemotherapy Using Repeated Vaccine Treatment Can Produce Successful Clinical Responses in Advanced Metastatic Melanoma

Advanced Stage IV and IIIc melanoma has a dismal survival, with or without, standard chemotherapy. New therapies are required to improve survival and reduce morbidity. Repeated vaccine dosing does not appear to have been explored, so Vaccinia Melanoma Cell Lysate (VMCL) vaccine repetitive therapy was tested, either alone, or combined with chemotherapy. 37 patients (31 Stage IV [M1a(6), b(7), c(18)] and 6 Stage IIIc) were studied using intra-dermal VMCL vaccine therapy. If disease progressed, vaccine was continued with standard chemotherapy (DTIC and/or Fotemustine). Overall survival was assessed and clinical responses were also recorded. From vaccine commencement, median overall follow-up was 10 months. Survivals ranged from 4 to 73 months. Median (mean) overall survival was 10 (23.5) months;overall survival at 1, 2 and 3 years was 40.5%, 21.6% and 10.8% respectively. CR and PR occurred in 18.9% (7) and 18.9% (7) of patients;these were durable for up to 6.1 years in 4 patients. Stable disease was noted in a further 17 patients (45.9%). In 6 patients (16.2%) no response to therapy was apparent. Repeated vaccinations with or without chemotherapy produced strong, durable clinical responses with overall survival > 23 months occurring in nearly 25% of advanced melanoma patients. The overall disease control rate (CR, PR and SD) was 83.7%, including CR in very advanced cases. These results, in a largely unselected population of advanced metastatic melanoma patients, compare very favourably with other regimens, and notably were associated with minimal, if any, toxicity. Further analysis of this approach appears warranted.

不同ND-IB二联苗与相应单苗免疫抗体水平比较

[目的]为了检测自制的ND-IB二联灭活疫苗的免疫效力。[方法]用自制ND-IB二联苗与相应的NDI、B单苗及不同来源的ND-IB二联苗免疫鸡群,以HI方法检测其抗体。[结果]自制ND-IB二联苗与相应的NDI、B单苗的免疫抗体水平相当,且二联苗中的2种成分彼此没有干扰;自制二联疫苗的免疫效果总体要优于进口的新-支二联疫苗;自制二联苗与国产苗的免疫效果相同。[结论]该研究为生产一种新型廉价新-支二联疫苗奠定了基础。

Promoting higher-valent pediatric combination vaccines in China: challenges and recommendations for action

Many countries have adopted higher-valent pediatric combination vaccines to simplify vaccination schedules and minimize health expenditures and social costs.However,China is conservative in the use of pediatric combina-tion vaccines.By reviewing and synthesizing quantitative and qualitative data,in this commentary we identify gaps and challenges to combination vaccine use and make recommendations for promoting use of higher-valent pediatric combination vaccines in China.Challenges are in four dimensions:(1)legislation and regulation,(2)immunization schedule design,(3)vaccine awareness and price,and(4)research and development capacity.To optimize the use of combination vaccines to reduce vaccine-preventable disease burden,we make recommendations that address key challenges:(1)develop policies and regulations to strengthen enforcement of the Vaccine Administration Law and remove regulatory hurdles that hinder combination vaccine research and development,(2)establish an evi-dence-informed policy-making mechanism for combination vaccines,(3)resolve immunization schedule conflicts between monovalent and combination vaccines,and(4)implement effective interventions to increase vaccine awareness and reduce price.

ND-IB二联油乳剂灭活苗的研制

利用 ND Lasota株、 IB M41株和山东 IB分离株 A株经 SPF鸡胚分别繁育，检验合格后灭活，按一定比例混合，研制 ND－ IB二联油乳剂灭活苗。经实验室检查和田间应用实验表明，该疫苗对雏鸡、成鸡安全有效，无副作用，可作为预防这两种病的良好生物制剂。

2种不同ND-IB-IBD-Reo四联灭活疫苗免疫肉种鸡后的抗体水平比较

为了检测肉种鸡开产前免疫2种不同的鸡新城疫-传染性支气管炎-传染性法氏囊病-病毒性关节炎四联灭活疫苗(ND-IB-IBD-Reo四联苗)后的抗体水平差异,在鸡群20周龄分别用A、B疫苗免疫,免疫后28天和56天用HI检测ND抗体水平,ELISA检测IB、IBD和Reo的抗体水平。结果显示,免疫后28天和56天,B疫苗的IBD和REO抗体效价显著高于A疫苗(P<0.05),ND 和 IB 的抗体效价虽较A疫苗高但差异并不显著(P>.05)。结果表明,B 疫苗的总体免疫抗体水平优于 A 疫苗,该研究为肉种鸡ND-IB-IBD-Reo四联灭活疫苗的筛选和合理免疫程序的制定提供依据。

ND-IBD二联灭活苗对100日龄种母鸡的免疫效果研究

本试验旨在研究鸡新城疫(Newcastle Disease,ND)-传染性法氏囊病(Infectious Bursal Disease,IBD)(ND-IBD)二联灭活苗对种母鸡的免疫效果。选用100d种母鸡50只,随机选择25只皮下注射ND-IBD二联灭活疫苗作为免疫组,对照组注射灭菌生理盐水;采集血清检测种母鸡及各批次雏鸡的ND和IBD抗体水平;最后对各批次雏鸡进行攻毒保护试验。结果表明:(1)免疫组种母鸡在100d免疫接种ND-IBD二联灭活苗后,产生了较高的ND和IBD抗体;(2)免疫组和对照组子代ND和IBD抗体水平在20d内呈下降趋势,免疫组免后20d抗体水平高于对照组(P<0.01);(3)对照组和免疫组的子代ND和IBD抗体水平在四个时间段逐渐降低,另外,免疫组在种母鸡免后120d,其对应的子代ND和IBD抗体水平分别在第四批次15d和10d,仍然处于合格线之上。结论:种母鸡接种ND-IBD二联灭活苗之后产生了较高的ND和IBD抗体水平,种母鸡得到了很好的免疫,并且其免疫保护力能够持续120d,同时也可以提高子代的母源抗体水平。

真实世界12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗后30天内单纯性热性惊厥发生风险分析

目的分析甘肃省12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗(MMR)后30 d内发生单纯性热性惊厥(SFS)特征。方法筛选甘肃省2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日电子病历库中诊断为“热性惊厥”个案,利用病例身份信息匹配甘肃省免疫规划信息系统中该病例的接种信息,采用观察性流行病学方法分析12岁以下儿童出现SFS的流行特征及接种MMR 30 d内SFS发生风险。结果共纳入10614例SFS儿童患者,12岁以下儿童SFS总体发生率为92.42/10万,其中12~24月龄儿童发生率最高,为297.67/10万,男性儿童发生SFS风险高于女性儿童(RR值为1.61,P<0.001)。接种MMR后30 d内发生SFS风险较未接种该疫苗的高(RR值为2.66,P<0.001)。接种第1剂次的发生率(27.98/10万)较第2剂次(18.48/10万)高,12~24月龄儿童在接种第1剂次MMR 6~14 d SFS发生风险较<12月、25月~6岁组高(RR值分别为4.06和2.64,P<0.001)。结论12~24月龄儿童在接种MMR后6~14 d SFS发生风险增加,以12~24月龄儿童最为常见,应高度关注高风险人群并加强对SFS监测。

呼吸道感染细菌联合疫苗制备及其免疫效果评价

目的探讨呼吸道感染细菌联合疫苗对免疫效果的影响。方法分离培养6种呼吸道感染细菌(溶血性链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌B型、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌及肺炎克雷伯菌),制成联合疫苗。根据联合疫苗质量浓度分为对照组(生理盐水)、低水平组(0.1 g/L疫苗)、中水平组(0.3 g/L疫苗)及高水平组(0.5 g/L疫苗)。各组疫苗作用于人外周血单个核细胞,检测外周血单个核细胞增殖活性、淋巴细胞表型的变化及细胞因子水平。各组疫苗作用于SPF级小鼠,测定各组小鼠迟发型超敏反应、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、巨噬细胞吞噬指数及血清溶血素含量。结果人外周血各组单个核细胞增殖活性、γ干扰素、白细胞介素-2水平均随时间延长而升高,且在相同时间,联合疫苗质量浓度越高,各指标水平越高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,低、中、高水平组单个核细胞CD4+、CD19+水平升高,CD8+水平降低,且随着联合疫苗质量浓度越高,各指标水平变化越明显(P<0.05)。与对照组小鼠比较,低、中、高水平组小鼠迟发型超敏反应、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、吞噬指数、溶血素水平升高,且随着联合疫苗质量浓度越高,各指标水平越高(P<0.05)。结论呼吸道感染细菌联合疫苗有利于提高细胞及体液免疫能力,且联合疫苗质量浓度为0.5 g/L时,可获得的免疫效果最佳。

Three Candidate Peptide-Vaccines in Combination To Induce High Levels of Multiantibodies Against HIV-1

N and C domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) gp41 are demonstrated to play an important role in HIV entry and prevention. In addition, the V3 loop on gp120 was identified as the principal neutralizing determinant (PND). Based on the fact that a combination of several monoclonal antibodies to different neutralizing epitopes showed great protection against intravenous challenge and vaginal transmission of pathogenic HIV 1/Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) chimeric virus on macaques, three candidate peptide vaccines were prepared and used in combination to induce high levels of multiantibodies against HIV 1. The three peptides contained important functional regions on HIV 1 gp160. The N domain peptide (P1: aa550 579) and C domain peptide (P2: aa633 662) of gp41 and V3 peptide (P3: aa301 328) of gp120 were conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using the glutaraldehyde method. After the vaccination course, each of the three candidate peptide vaccines induced strong antibody response in rabbits. The three vaccines used in combination induced high levels of multiantibodies against the peptides of the N and C domains and the V3 loop, with the titer of antibodies up to 1∶64001∶25600 in rabbit sera in comparison with the titer of 1∶8001∶3200 induced by rgp41 or rgp160. Our results indicate that immunogenicities of the N and C domains and the V3 loop in these three candidate peptide vaccines were clearly stronger than those induced by rgp41 or rgp160, and these peptide vaccines used in combination synchronously induced high levels of multiantibodies against HIV 1, suggesting that used in combination they may provide a new vaccine strategy to induce strong multi antiviral activity.

乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播机制及阻断策略研究进展

母婴传播(MTCT)是中国慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的主要途径,系统了解HBV MTCT的发生机制和相关阻断策略,对提高阻断成功率至关重要。乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)和乙型肝炎疫苗(HepB)的联合免疫在HBV MTCT的阻断上已取得较好疗效,但阻断失败的情况时有发生。高病毒载量孕妇发生宫内感染是阻断失败的主要原因,其感染途径有胎盘途径、外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)途径、经生殖细胞感染途径等。孕期抗病毒治疗能有效阻断宫内感染,但各指南在治疗开始时间及HBV DNA阈值上仍未达成统一。本文对HBV MTCT发生机制及阻断策略予以综述,为进一步提高HBV MTCT阻断成功率提供参考。

布鲁氏菌病的防治方法研究进展

布鲁氏菌病(马尔他热、地中海弛张热或波状热)是由布鲁氏菌(Brucella)感染引起的一种慢性、全身性的传染性疾病,是我国重点防控的人兽共患传染病之一。近年来,因反刍动物数量增加、动物产品流通频繁和防疫措施执行不到位等原因,导致多地布鲁氏菌病的患病率呈上升趋势。布鲁氏菌病传染性强、危害性大、多重耐药性日趋严重且感染后根治困难,给我国养殖行业带来了巨大的经济损失,同时也对人类健康造成威胁。因此,合理使用生物制品和抗菌药物进行布鲁氏菌病的预防和治疗,对养殖业经济发展、兽医公共卫生和人类健康均具有重要意义。本文探讨了现阶段预防布鲁氏菌病的各类疫苗类型和特点,并对其优缺点进行对比和总结;同时,对治疗布鲁氏菌病的多种联合用药方案、新型抗菌药物和其他辅助治疗方法的相关研究现状进行概述,提出了未来布鲁氏菌病的防治研究方向,以期为我国布鲁氏菌病的防治提供参考。

水貂病毒性肠炎杆状病毒载体灭活疫苗与水貂犬瘟热活疫苗混合免疫效果评价

为评价水貂病毒性肠炎杆状病毒载体灭活疫苗(简称MEV亚单位疫苗)与水貂犬瘟热活疫苗(简称CDV活疫苗)混合免疫的效果,本研究将两种疫苗混合后在室温静置不同时间测定犬瘟热病毒(CDV)含量,并选用30只健康水貂随机分为6组进行比对试验,其中G1和G2组免疫MEV亚单位疫苗稀释CDV活疫苗的混合疫苗,G3组为CDV活疫苗单独免疫组,G4组为MEV亚单位疫苗单独免疫组,G5和G6组分别为CDV攻毒组和MEV攻毒组。免疫后21 d采血检测CDV中和抗体,同时对G1、G3、G5组进行CDV攻毒;免疫后14 d采血检测MEV血凝抑制(HI)抗体,同时对G2、G4、G6组进行MEV攻毒。结果:两种疫苗混合后在室温静置2 h, CDV含量无明显下降。免疫后21 d, G1和G3组CDV中和抗体效价达到1∶64.6~1∶128.8,CDV攻毒后混合疫苗和CDV活疫苗免疫组的保护率均为100%。免疫后14 d, G2和G4组的MEV HI抗体效价达到1∶128~1∶1 024,MEV攻毒后混合疫苗和MEV亚单位疫苗免疫组的保护率均为100%。研究表明,MEV亚单位疫苗稀释CDV活疫苗,混合免疫后各疫苗的免疫效力均不受影响。

高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法测定吸附无细胞百(三组分)白破灭活脊髓灰质炎和b型流感嗜血杆菌(结合)联合疫苗的多糖含量

目的 采用高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法测定吸附无细胞百(三组分)白破灭活脊髓灰质炎和b型流感嗜血杆菌(结合)联合疫苗(以下简称DTac P-s IPV-Hib)中多糖含量,并对方法进行验证。方法 在1 ml样品中加入0.02 g柠檬酸钠,振荡混匀后,置于37℃保温24 h,4000×g离心5 min收集上清液,稀释后加入6 mol/L盐酸,100℃下加热2 h,冰浴10 min后加入0.8 ml氢氧化钠(1 mol/L)溶液用于终止酸水解。采用高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法根据检测信号峰面积计算对应水解荚膜多糖(PRP)含量,通过PRP占多糖含量干重的41.3%计算出总的多糖含量。结果 核糖醇参考品浓度在0.1~1.5μg/ml范围内标准曲线r2>0.99,检测下限可达10ng/ml。核糖醇加标回收率均在95%~105%;对高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法检测多糖的重复性和中间精密度进行验证,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%,方法专属性和耐用性良好。结论 使用柠檬酸钠作为解吸附剂,与高效阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法相结合可用于DTac P-s IPV-Hib中Hib多糖的含量检测,为产品的质量控制和稳定性研究提供参考。

国产冻干麻疹腮腺炎风疹联合减毒活疫苗的接种反应和免疫原性观察

目的观察冻干麻疹腮腺炎风疹联合减毒活疫苗的接种反应和免疫原性。方法分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期进行,分别选择7～15岁和8～18月龄儿童接种国产MMR疫苗,同时设进口MMR疫苗、单价麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹疫苗对照,进行接种反应和免疫原性观察。结果Ⅰ期7～15岁接种国产MMR疫苗的11人中,仅3人发生局部弱反应,反应率为27.3%;8～11月龄接种国产MMR疫苗的26人中,发热率和皮疹反应率分别为11.5%、15.4%,其中高热率为3.8%。Ⅱ、Ⅲ期观察的1188名8～18月龄儿童中,接种国产MMR疫苗发热率为10.69%,皮疹反应率为3.64%,局部反应率为0.44%,其他反应率为0.22%。与对照疫苗比较,仅发热率高于腮腺炎疫苗及风疹疫苗,且差异有统计学意义,其他反应差异均无统计学意义。接种国产MMR疫苗后,麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹HI抗体阳转率和抗体GMT分别为99.5%、85.9%、100%和1∶57、1∶4.2、1∶890。与对照疫苗比较,麻疹抗体GMT国产MMR疫苗高于进口MMR疫苗和麻疹疫苗,抗体阳转率国产MMR疫苗高于进口MMR疫苗,且差异有统计学意义;腮腺炎抗体GMT国产MMR疫苗低于进口MMR疫苗,且差异有统计学意义,其他各疫苗组差异均无统计学意义。结论国产MMR疫苗具有良好的安全性和免疫原性。