Neurobehavioral Assessment of Rats Exposed to Yttrium Nitrate during Development

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of yttrium nitrate on neurobehaviora development in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Dams were orally exposed to 0, 5, 15, or 45 mg/kg daily of yttrium nitrate from gestation day （GD） 6 to postnatal day （PND） 21. Body weight and food consumption were monitored weekly. Neurobehavior was assessed by developmental landmarks and reflexes, motor activity, hot plate, Rota-rod and cognitive tests. Additionally, brain weights were measured on PND 21 and 70. Results No significant difference was noted among all groups for maternal body weight and food consumption. All yttrium-exposed offspring showed an increase in body weight on PND 21; however, no significant difference in body weight for exposed pups versus controls was observed 2 weeks or more after the yttrium solution was discontinued. The groups given 5 mg/kg daily decreased significantly in the duration of female forelime grip strength and ambulation on PND 13. There was no significant difference between yttrium-exposed offspring and controls with respect to other behavioral ontogeny parameters and postnatal behavioral test results. Conclusion Exposure of rats to yttrium nitrate in concentrations up to 45 mg/kg daily had no adverse effects on their neurobehavioral development.

Potential role of ecto-5'-nucleotidase in morphine-induced uridine release and neurobehavioral changes

OBJECTIVE There is growing evidence that uridine may act as an endogenous neuromodulator with a potential signaling role in the central nervous system in addition to its function in pyrimidine metabolism.We previously found that acute morphine treatment significantly increased uridine release in the dorsal striatum of mice,while the mechanism involved in morphine-induced uridine release and the role of uridine in morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes have not been understood.METHODS Uridine release in the dorsal striatum of mice was assessed by in vivo microdialysis coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) after morphine treatment.Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the expression of uridine-related proteins.Morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes were assessed by locomotor activity,behavioral sensitization and conditioned place preference(CPP)test.The expression of NT5E,an extracellular enzyme involved in formation of nucleosides,including uridine,was specifically knocked down in the dorsal striatum of mice using adeno-associated virus(AAV)-mediated short hairpin RNA(shRNA).RESULTS Both acute and chronic morphine administration significantly increased uridine release in the dorsal striatum,and this was associated with upregulation of NT5E but not other uridine-related proteins.Inhibition of NT5E with APCP or shRNA markedly inhibited morphine-induced uridine release in the dorsal striatum and related neurobehavioral changes,including hyperlocomotor activity,behavioral sensitization and CPP.CONCLUSION The present study increases our understanding of the contribution of NT5E in regulating morphine-induced neurobehavioral changes,at least as related to uridine,and suggests that NT5E may be a novel therapeutic target to manage morphine abuse.

Nigella sativa oil alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and neurobehavioral changes in mice:In vivo and in-silico study

Objective:To investigate the effect of Nigella sativa oil on cardiomyopathy and neurobehavioral changes induced by doxorubicin in mice.Methods:Swiss strain of albino female mice were divided into 6 groups of 5 animals in each:GroupⅠ(control group),groupⅡ(doxorubicin,10 mg/kg,i.v.),groupⅢ,Ⅳ,andⅤ(Nigella sativa oil;1.5,3,and 6 mL/kg,respectively),groupⅥ(Nigella sativa oil per se;6 mL/kg,p.o.).The duration of treatment was 15 d(10 days’pre-treatment and 5 days’post-treatment)and doxorubicin was administered on day 11th of the treatment schedule.Following Nigella sativa oil treatment,neurobehavioral tests,cardiac hypertrophy tests,and biochemical tests in serum and tissues were performed.Neurological tests included assessment of anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze,spontaneous alternation behavior in the cross maze,and depression-like behavior in modified forced swim tests.Biochemical tests included serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase-MB,malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione in tissues.Lastly,molecular docking was used to estimate the affinity of the phytoconstituents of Nigella sativa oil with histone deacetylases.Results:Nigella sativa oil treatment significantly(P<0.001)restored doxorubicin-induced neurobehavioral changes,decreased lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine kinase-MB in the plasma,malondialdehyde contents in tissues,and increased reduced glutathione level.Besides,no significant alteration was observed in Nigella sativa oil per se group as compared to the control.Molecular docking showed that Nigella sativa oil components had appreciable binding affinitiy with the protein cavities of HDAC1 and HDAC6.Conclusions:The result shows that Nigella sativa oil exerts anxiolytic,antidepressant,and memory-enhancing effects in addition to cardioprotective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice.The modulatory effect of Nigella sativa oil on oxidative stress could contribute to the cardioprotective effect and associated neurobehavioral changes in mice.

Alterations of Monoamine Metabolites and Neurobehavioral Function in Lead-Exposed Workers

Neurobehavioral and neurochemical effects of occupational lead exposure were invstigated by WHO Ncurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) testing and a serics of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites analyzing in workers from lead smeltery and storage-battery manufacturing factory and matched controls. Indicators of lead exposure, the blood lead (PbB) and zinc protophorphyrin (ZPP) levels were found significantly higher in the expeed group compared with that of the controls (70.55μg/dL vs 3.6μg/dL; and 294.92 μg/dL vs 38.32μg/dL, respectively). Furthermore, elevated urinary homovanillic acid (HVA) and impairment of certain neurobehavioral performances were also found in the lead exposed wokers; the latter included attention/response speed, manual dexterity, perceptual-motor speed, visual perception/memory, and motor speed/steadiness. Positive or negative correlations were observed between certain parameters. Thus, homovanillic acid (HVA) is peitively correlated With PbB and ZPP; dopamine (DA) negatively correlated with Benton visual retention (BVR); and HVA negatively correlated with digit symbol (DSy), BVR, and pursuit aiming (PA). It is suggested that the alterations of dopamine and its metabolites HVA in urine associated with impairment of neurobehavioral function might be served as biomarkers of lead-induced neurotoxicity.

Lead level in foremilk and neurobehavioral development of neonates

BACKGROUND： Recently, it has been reported that blood lead level lower than 24 μ mol/L can lead to learning and cognitive deficits. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship of lead level in foremilk and early neurobehavioral development of neonates taking lead level in foremilk as lead exposure index. DESIGN： A controlled observation. SETTING： Maternal and Child Health Center, Shanxi Children＇s Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 128 neonates of full-term normal delivery, 76 male and 52 female, from Shanxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Center and Jiexiu Maternal and Child Health Center were involved in this study. All the involved neonates had no peripartal ischemic/hypoxic history. The corresponding puerperants were aged （27 ±5 ）years. They had no various acute and chronic diseases during pregnancy, and family history of neurological disease as well as occupational lead exposure. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the puerperants. METHODS： ①Determination of lead level in foremilk- Altogether 128 foremilk samples, 1 mL each, were collected between January and February 2005. The same amount of violet acid was added to each sample. After foremilk was fully dissolved, 0.2 mL solution was taken for determining lead level with atomic absorption spectrometer in graphite stove. The determined process strictly followed the internal quantity control of laboratory and was involved in the blind quality control of Institute of Environmental Health of Chinese Academy. ②Participants grouping： Totally 128 neonates were involved, and the normal reference value of lead level of foremilk was 0.06 - 0.48 μ mol/L. The involved neonates were assigned into high-level lead group （≥ 0.24 μ mol/L, n =60） and low-level lead group （〈 0.24 μ mol/L, n =68）. ③Assessment of neurobehavioral development of neonates： Neurobehavioral development level of neonates who was born 24 to 72 hours was assessed with 20-item neonatal neurobehavioral determination method, which involved behavioral ability （6 items）, passive muscular tension （4 items）, active muscular tension （4 items）, primitive reflection （3 items） and general evaluation （3 items）. Each above-mentioned scoring had 3 scales （0,1 and 2 points）. The full mark of 20 items was 40 points. Neurological behaviors of neonates might be unabnormal when scoring was 〈 35 points. OUTCOME MEASURES： Assessment results of neurobehavioral development of neonates in high- and low-level lead neonates. RESULTS： After lead-level determination, the involved neonates in two groups participated in the final analysis. Neurobehavioral total scores of neonates of high-level lead group were lower than those in the low-level lead group [ （35.9±1.3 ） points vs. （37.7 ±1.4） points, P 〈 0.01 ]. The scores of neonatal erection in high-level lead group were lower than those in low-level lead group [ （ 1.4±0.4） points vs. （ 1.8 ±0.5 ） points, P 〈0.01], and time for head erection of neonates in the high-level lead group was shortened as compared with that in the low-level lead group [ （1.8±1.7） minutesvs. （3.3±2.2） minutes, P〈0.01]. CONCLUSION： 0.24 μ mol/L lead level in foremilk has certain relationship with neurobehavioral development. The main influenced manifestations are shortened duration of neonatal head erection and actively contracted extensor, i.e. cervical curved ability is weakened.

Neurobehavioral Biomarkers of Aging: Influence of Genotype and Dietary Restriction

Because of the importance of central nervous system (CNS) functions to productive capacity and quality of life, biomarkers of these functions will play a key role in evaluating the success of interventions targeting aging processes. The CNS biomarkers may also be useful for predicting aging in other systems and in the organism as a whole. Age-related behavioral changes, the products of CNS aging, have content and predictive validity with respect to human functional capacities and may, therefore, represent important 'neurobehavioral' markers of functional aging. This article presents a discussion of some behavioral paradigms which are currently being considered as neurobehavioral biomarkers of aging in mice and the experimental approaches being employed in the assessment of their validity. Studies conducted in the authors' laboratory using dietary restriction and genetic comparisons to evaluate the validity of neurobehavioral biomarkers have revealed several methodological concerns, and hypothetical and empirical examples of these pitfalls are described and discussed. In spite of those concerns, it is concluded that approaches to validity using genetic comparisons and dietary restriction can be successfully implemented and should ultimately lead to identification of valid and useful neurobehavioral biomarkers of aging.

NP-8 Moderate Brain Injury Causes Neurobehavioral Deficits and Effects of Aerobic Exercise

Objective:Moderate traumatic brain injury(TBI)can lead to a lifetime of physical,cognitive,emotional,and behavioral changes.Moreover,the secondary brain injury(SBI)during subacute and chronic phase after TBI could be blamed for these deficits.Exercise is widely recognized as promoting health and improving bad moods,but the mechanisms by which exercise affects SBI are still unclear.Methods:Lateral fluid percussion(LFP)method was used to fabricate moderate TBI in motor and somatosensory cortex of the C57 BL/6 J mice.A 4-weeks voluntary running wheel exercise with 6-day training per week was modified based on the previous protocols.Neurological status,sensorimotor function,spatial memory,electrophysiological,post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)associated anxiety and depression,cortical pathohistological changes were assessed to evaluate effects TBI and exercise intervention.Results:After moderate LFP injury,the TBI mice showed severe motor deficits at the early stage in acute phase but gradually recovered.During acute and subacute phase after TBI,novel object recognition(NOR)ability and spatial memory functions were consistently impaired in TBI mice;hippocampal firing frequency and burst probability were hampered.Analysis of the altered burst firing shows a clear hippocampal theta rhythm drop.These electrophysiological impacts were associated with substantially lowered NOR preference as compared with the sham group during adulthood.4-weeks voluntary wheel running performed prior to induction of a moderate TBI,combined with 2 weeks voluntary motor skill training after TBI was found to inhibit plasma TNF-α,improve locomotor activity levels,alleviate anxiety and depression and promote spatial working memory recovery in rodents.At the meantime,histopathological deterioration was eased in the hippocampus in exercised mice.Conclusion:moderate TBI could induce neurological and neurobehavior impairments in mice.Aerobic exercise rehabilitation alleviated above mentioned deficits and may be an effective supplemental invention treatment for TBI patients.

Neurotoxicity of tetramethylammonium ion on larval and juvenile zebrafish:Effects on neurobehaviors and multiple biomarkers

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAH)is an important compound that utilized and released by the rapidly expanding semiconductor industry,which could hardly be removed by the conventional wastewater treatment techniques.As a cholinergic agonist,the tetramethylammonium ion(TMA^(+))has been reported to induce toxicity to muscular and respiratory systems of mammals and human,however the toxicity on aquatic biota remains poorly known.We investigated the neurotoxic effects of TMA^(+)exposure on zebrafish,based on neurobehavior tests and a series of biomarkers.Significant inhibitions on the swimming distance of zebrafish larvae were observed when the exposure level exceeded 50 mg/L,and significant alterations on swimming path angles(straight and deflective movements)occurred even at 10 mg/L.The tested neurobehavioral endpoints of zebrafish larvae were significantly positively correlated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA),significantly negatively related with the activities of antioxidant enzymes,but not significantly correlated with the level of acetylcholinesterase(AChE).Such relationship indicates that the observed neurotoxic effects on swimming behavior of zebrafish larvae is mainly driven by oxidative stress,rather than the alterations of neurotransmitter.At the highest exposure concentration(200 mg/L),TMA^(+)evoked more severe toxicity on zebrafish juveniles,showing significantly stronger elevation on the MDA activity,and greater inhibitions on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ACh E,suggesting juveniles were more susceptible to TMA^(+)exposure than larval zebrafish.

Tetrabromobisphenol A exerts thyroid disrupting effects but has little overt impact on postnatal brain development and neurobehaviors in mice

Tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)is a widely used brominated flame retardant.There is evidence showing that TBBPA can exert thyroid disrupting effects in mammals,but different results were also reported,along with inconsistent reports regarding its neurotoxicity.Here,we investigated thyroid disrupting effects and neurotoxicity of TBBPA(5,50,500μg/(kg·day))to male mice following maternal and direct exposure through drinking water,with the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil(PTU)as the positive control.On postnatal day(PND)15,we expectedly observed severe thyroid compensatory hyperplasia and cerebellar developmental retardation in PTU-treated pups.The highest dose of TBBPA also caused thyroid histological alteration but had no effects on cerebellar development in terms of Purkinje cell morphology and the thickness of the internal granular layer and the molecular layer of the cerebellum.During puberty and adulthood,the thyroid morphological alterations became more pronounced in the TBBPA-treated animals,accompanied by decreased serum thyroid hormone levels.Furthermore,the 50 and 500μg/(kg·day)TBBPA groups showed a significant decrease in the serum level of serotonin,a neurotransmitter associated with anxiety behaviors.Correspondingly,the highest dose group displayed anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus-maze test on PND 35,but this neurobehavioral alteration disappeared on PND 56.Moreover,no changes in neurobehavioral parameters tested were found in TBBPAtreated animals at puberty and adulthood.Altogether,all observations show that TBBPA can exert thyroid disrupting effects but has little overt impact on brain development and neurobehaviors in mice,suggesting that thyroid disruption does not necessarily cause overtly adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.

袋鼠式护理联合被动康复训练在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的应用

目的:探究袋鼠式护理(Kangaroo mother care,KMC)联合被动康复训练在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(Hypoxieischemic encephalopathy,HIE)患儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年3月至2021年12月于我院就诊的80例HIE患儿作为研究对象。按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组采取常规护理联合被动康复训练,观察组采取KMC联合被动康复训练。分析比较两组的神经行为、神经系统后遗症发生率以及护理满意度。结果:护理后,两组的新生儿神经行为测定量表(Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale,NBNA)评分均高于护理前;并且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组神经系统后遗症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家长满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:KMC联合被动康复训练可改善HIE患儿的神经行为,降低神经系统后遗症发生率,提高患儿家长的满意度。

早期家庭康复干预对单调性扭动运动早产儿神经行为发育的影响

目的 探讨早期家庭康复干预对单调性扭动运动早产儿神经行为发育的影响。方法 选取2022年4月至2023年1月河北省唐山市妇幼保健院儿童康复科全身运动评估结果为单调性扭动运动的64例早产儿为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将其分为干预组和对照组,各32例。对照组给予常规家庭护理干预,干预组实施早期家庭康复干预,持续12周。比较两组干预后不安运动阶段结果;比较两组干预前后各能区发育商。结果 两组不安运动阶段结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,两组各能区发育商均高于干预前,且干预组大运动、个人-社交行为发育商高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对单调性扭动运动早产儿应用早期家庭康复干预可以有效改善大运动、个人-社交行为,值得临床推广应用。

徒手旋转胎头术在头位难产产妇第二产程分娩中的协助应用观察

目的:分析徒手旋转胎头术在头位难产产妇第二产程分娩中的协助应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年12月于本院分娩的56例头位难产产妇资料,依据第二产程是否使用徒手旋转胎头术分为两组,各28例。对照组采取传统第二产程分娩助产护理,观察组采取第二产程徒手旋转胎头术,统计产程总时间、新生儿神经行为评分、分娩结局并进行对比。结果:观察组的第二分娩产程明显短于对照组,观察组产程总时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05),第一和第三产程两组无明显统计差异(P>0.05);观察组新生儿神经行为各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组阴道裂伤、新生儿窒息及产后出血率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:第二产程徒手旋转胎头术的运用能够改善头位难产产妇分娩结局、促进新生儿神经行为发育、缩短产程总时间,具有一定的推广使用价值。

姜黄素改善缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠远期神经行为缺陷的机制

目的探讨姜黄素减轻缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠相关神经炎性反应的作用机制并且评估其对缺氧缺血性脑损伤远期神经行为的影响。方法2023年1—6月在武汉大学人民医院中心实验室进行实验。选用7日龄新生SD大鼠66只,采用随机数字表法分为假手术组(n=22)、缺氧缺血脑损伤组(HIBD组,n=22)和缺氧缺血脑损伤+姜黄素组(HIBD+姜黄素组,n=22)。造模后24 h采用Longa评分评估造模是否成功,造模后48 h通过负性趋地反射、翻正反射评估短期神经行为;4周后采用圆筒实验、水迷宫实验、转角实验、爬杆实验评估远期神经行为;采用ELISA试剂盒检测脑组织炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)水平;采用Western-blot法检测脑组织蛋白(STAT3、p-STAT3)水平。结果造模24 h后,HIBD组(n=18)与HIBD+姜黄素组(n=15)新生大鼠Longa评分为1~3分提示造模成功。短期行为学评估表明,与HIBD组比较,HIBD+姜黄素组负性趋地反射和翻正反射时间缩短(P<0.05)。远期神经行为学评估表明,与HIBD组比较,HIBD+姜黄素组圆筒实验大鼠左前肢使用率明显增加、水迷宫实验穿越平台潜伏期缩短、穿越平台象限次数增加、转角实验右转得分率减少、爬杆实验中爬杆时间缩短(P<0.01)。ELISA检测显示,与HIBD组比较,HIBD+姜黄素组脑组织中TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平下降(P<0.05)。蛋白免疫印迹技术显示,与HIBD组比较,HIBD+姜黄素组脑组织中p-STAT3/STAT3水平降低(P<0.01)。结论姜黄素可通过抑制STAT3磷酸化介导的神经炎性反应并改善缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠神经行为学缺陷。

民航飞行人员神经行为能力测评工具开发及应用

为了开发民航飞行员神经行为能力测试系统,提出神经行为能力的测评方法。首先,通过相关文献及飞行员选拔的测评工具的研究,提出民航飞行员神经行为能力测评指标及测评方法;而后,使用Delphi编程实现系统构建及各测试项目的开发及优化,并招募组织40名飞行学员进行测试项目区分度检验及38名飞行学员进行重测信度检验。最后,招募891名飞行学员,根据被试所在年级、学习层次和测试时的状态进行三组差异性检验,探索不同年级、不同阶段及不同状态的飞行学员神经行为能力特征。结果表明:民航飞行员神经行为能力测评指标由感知觉能力、注意力、记忆力、警觉性、判断力、动作协调6个一级指标及12个二级指标构成;工具具有较好的区分度及重测信度,具备较好的一致性、可靠性及有效性;不同阶段的民航飞行学员在部分测试项目得分上差异存在显著性(P<0.05),不同状态的飞行学员在所有测试项目上均存在差异,除空间位置记忆广度项目外,其余项目正常组的得分均优于困倦组(P<0.05)。本测评系统能够较为有效且可靠的评估民航飞行员的神经行为能力,系统操作简单、实用性较强,具备较为广阔的应用空间。

清热退黄灌肠方对高胆红素血症新生儿近期神经行为影响的临床研究

目的:探讨清热退黄灌肠方对高胆红素血症新生儿神经行为的影响。方法:本研究纳入高胆红素血症患儿58例,其中试验组30例、对照组28例。对照组予蓝光照射、苯巴比妥及金双歧口服等常规治疗5天,试验组在对照组基础上予以清热退黄灌肠方灌肠治疗5天。检测两组患儿治疗前后血清总胆红素(Total bilirubin,TBIL)、间接胆红素(Indirect Bilirubin,IBIL)、白蛋白(Albumin,ALB)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(Neuron-specific Enolase,NSE)水平,计算总胆红素/白蛋白(B/A)值,并进行新生儿神经行为测定(Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment,NBNA)评分。结果:两组治疗后的血清TBIL、IBIL、B/A值均有下降,且试验组下降更为明显,组间及组内差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组NSE治疗后较治疗前下降,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗后两组组内NSE差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后NBNA评分均较治疗前上升,试验组上升更明显,组间及组内差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,黄疸患儿IBIL、B/A值均与NBNA评分呈负相关,但NSE水平与NBNA评分无明显相关性。不良反应方面,试验组出现腹泻2例,对照组有1例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:清热退黄灌肠方治疗新生儿高胆红素血症疗效明确,可促使新生儿的部分神经行为恢复。

Assessing pre/post-weaning neurobehavioral development for perinatal exposure to low doses of methylmercury

Fetuses and neonates are known to be high-risk groups for Methylmercury（MeHg）exposure.MeHg can be transferred to the fetus through the placenta and to newborn offspring through breast milk.The aim of the present study was to investigate the neurotoxic effects of low doses of MeHg（1 and 5 μg/m L in drinking water） administration,from gestational day 1 to postnatal day（PND） 21,on the neurobehavioral development of rats.The results showed that the no-observed-effect level of MeHg is somewhere in the range of 1-4 μg/mL.Neurobehavioral development analysis revealed a delayed appearance of cliff drop and negative geotaxis reflexes in the 5 μg/mL MeHg exposure group.Developmental exposure to MeHg affected locomotor activity functions for the females,but not for the males,implying that the female pups were more vulnerable than the male pups.All pups exposed to 5 μg/mL of MeHg showed a significant deficit in motor coordination in the rotarod test compared with controls,and the highest accumulated concentrations of Hg were found in the cerebellum,followed by the hippocampus and cerebral cortex,indicating that the cerebellum is a possible target for MeHg toxicity.We demonstrated adverse effects of developmental exposure to MeHg associated with tissue concentrations very close to the current human body burden of this persistent and bioaccumulative compound.

替罗非班对急性缺血性卒中小鼠的神经保护作用

目的探讨替罗非班对急性缺血性卒中(AIS)小鼠脑梗死体积及神经元凋亡的影响。方法将65只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组及替罗非班低、中、高剂量组,每组13只。采用光化学脑卒中法建立小鼠脑缺血模型。模型组尾静脉注射相同体积的生理盐水,替罗非班各剂量组尾静脉注射不同剂量的替罗非班。采用神经行为学评分(mNSS评分)评估小鼠神经功能缺损,2,3,5氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)测定小鼠脑梗死体积,TUNEL染色与NeuN染色检测小鼠神经元凋亡情况。结果5组的mNSS评分、脑梗死体积、TUNEL阳性细胞数量和NeuN阳性细胞数量差异有统计学意义(F=9.630~124.927,P<0.05)。与模型组相比,替罗非班中剂量组神经行为损伤明显改善、脑梗死体积下降、TUNEL阳性细胞数量减少、NeuN阳性细胞数量增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中剂量替罗非班可降低AIS小鼠神经功能缺损评分、减小脑梗死体积及减轻神经元凋亡,从而发挥神经保护作用。

振幅整合脑电图结合磁共振在早产儿脑损伤神经行为发育评估及预测中的应用

目的 分析振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)结合磁共振(MRI)在早产儿脑损伤神经行为发育评估及预测中的应用价值。方法 选定莆田学院附属医院2020年9月至2022年9月住院的90例脑损伤早产儿,将其设为观察组,另选取同期本院体检的90例无脑损伤早产儿,将其设为健康组,均给予aEEG、MRI检查,比较2组aEEG各参数评分、总评分、磁共振脑发育总成熟度评分(TMS)亚项评分、总评分。对观察组进行为期3月的随访,比较神经发育良好组、不良组aEEG各参数评分、总评分、TMS亚项评分、总评分,绘制接受者操作特性(ROC)曲线,分析aEEG+MRI对脑损伤早产儿神经发育不良的预测价值。结果 观察组aEEG各参数评分、总评分均低于健康组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组TMS各参数评分、总评分均低于健康组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。神经发育不良组aEEG各参数评分、总评分均低于神经发育良好组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。神经发育不良组TMS各参数评分、总评分均低于神经发育良好组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。aEEG+MRI预测神经发育不良的灵敏度(94.3%)、特异度(92.5%)均高于aEEG(80.3%、78.2%)、MRI(81.6%、79.9%)检测(P<0.05)。结论 aEEG结合MRI可提高对脑损伤早产儿神经行为发育的预测价值,对脑损伤早产儿病情评价、预后评估等具有重要的参考价值,值得推广、借鉴。

间断俯卧体位对早产儿生长发育及睡眠质量的作用

目的 探究间断俯卧体位对早产儿生长发育及睡眠质量的作用。方法 选取2022年9月至2023年12月河北大学附属医院新生儿科收治的96例早产患儿作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分2组,每组48例。对照组采取常规仰卧体位,观察组采取间断俯卧体位,试验结束后,对比2组患儿睡眠状况评估指标、NANB神经行为测试评分、体格生长发育指标(体质量、身长、头围)以及患儿家长满意程度。结果 观察组早产儿睡眠质量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生后30 d,观察组多项神经行为测试评分高于对照组早产儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生后3个月,观察组早产儿各项体格生长发育指标优于对照组早产儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相比对照组,观察组患儿家长对此次干预效果满意程度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 间断俯卧体位可提升早产患儿睡眠质量,增加睡眠时长,促进患儿体格生长、神经发育。

抚触护理联合体位护理在新生儿重症监护室早产儿中的应用价值分析

目的:分析抚触护理联合体位护理在新生儿重症监护室早产儿中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年5月泰安市妇幼保健院新生儿科收治的早产儿82例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各41例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予抚触护理联合体位护理。比较两组早产儿主要临床指标、并发症发生情况、生长发育指标、神经行为发育评分。结果:观察组早产儿的日平均睡眠时间、日平均摄奶量大于对照组,最大体温差小于对照组,出保温箱时间、首次排便时间、胎便转黄时间、恢复出生体质量时间、足量喂养日龄短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿的高胆红素血症、呼吸窘迫综合征、喂养不耐受、呼吸暂停、反流误吸发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿矫正胎龄40周时的体质量、头围、身高大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组早产儿矫正胎龄40周时的神经行为发育评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:抚触护理联合体位护理可以改善早产儿的各项临床指标,降低其并发症发生率,显著提升早产儿的生长发育和神经行为发育水平。