Correlation of serum uric acid level with neurotrophy, nerve injury and systemic oxidative stress response in patients with Parkinson's disease

Objective:To investigate the correlation of serum uric acid level with neurotrophy, nerve injury and systemic oxidative stress response in patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods:A total of 60 patients with Parkinson's disease who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital between July 2014 and February 2018 were enrolled in Parkinson's disease group, and 100 healthy elderly people who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were enrolled in normal control group. The differences in serum uric acid levels as well as the contents of indexes related to neurotrophy, nerve injury and oxidative stress were compared between the two groups, and Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of serum uric acid level with indexes related to neurotrophy, nerve injury and oxidative stress in patients with Parkinson's disease.Results:Serum uric acid level of PD group was lower than that of normal control group;serum neurotrophy indexes BDNF, GDNF and NGF contents were lower than those of normal control group;serum nerve injury indexes YKL-40 and S-100B contents were higher than those of normal control group whereas IGF-1 content was lower than that of normal control group;serum oxidative stress indexes GPX and CAT contents were lower than those of normal control group whereas MDA and LHP contents were higher than those of normal control group. Correlation analysis confirmed that the serum uric acid level of patients with Parkinson's disease was directly correlated to the indexes related to neurotrophy, nerve injury and oxidative stress.Conclusion:The abnormal decrease of serum uric acid level in patients with Parkinson's disease is directly correlated with the neurotrophy, nerve injury, oxidative stress response, and so on.

Effects of scalp acupuncture intervention combined with rehabilitation training on the neurotrophy status and nerve injury in patients with convalescent period of cerebral hemorrhage

Objective: To investigate the effects of scalp acupuncture intervention combined with rehabilitation training on the neurotrophy status and nerve injury in patients with convalescent period of cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 78 patients with convalescent period of cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in West China Hospital between January 2016 and March 2017 were divided into the control group and the experimental group by random number table, each with 39 cases. Control group received the routine rehabilitation training, and the experimental group received scalp acupuncture intervention combined with rehabilitation training. The differences in neurotrophy status and nerve injury were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results: Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in neurotrophy status and nerve injury between the two groups. After 1 week of intervention and after 2 weeks of intervention, serum neurotrophy indexes NGF and BDNF contents of experimental group were higher than those of control group;serum nerve injury indexes GFAP, NSE and S100B contents were lower than those of control group;serum inflammatory mediators IL-18, HMGB1 and IFN-γ contents were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: scalp acupuncture intervention combined with rehabilitation training can effectively improve the neurotrophy state and reduce the nerve injury in patients with convalescent period of cerebral hemorrhage.

Effects of adjuvant folic acid + vitamin b12 therapy on Hcy metabolism, neurotrophy and nerve injury in patients with Alzheimer's disease

Objective: To explore the effects of adjuvant folic acid + vitamin b12 therapy on Hcy metabolism, neurotrophy and nerve injury in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods:A total of 104 patients with Alzheimer's disease were divided into control group (n=52) and study group (n=52) by random number table. Control group received clinical routine treatment, and study group received routine treatment combined with adjuvant folic acid and vitamin b12 therapy. The differences in Hcy metabolism, neurotrophy and nerve injury were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum contents of Hcy, neurotrophy indexes and nerve injury indexes between the two groups. After 3 months of treatment, serum Hcy of study group was lower than that of control group;serum neurotrophy indexes nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) contents were higher than those of control group;serum nerve injury indexes myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament heavy (NfH) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) contents were lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Adjuvent folic acid and vitamin b12 therapy can effectively reduce Hcy content, increase neurotrophy and relieve nerve injury in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Antidepressant-like Effects of Flavonoids from Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum

[Objectives]To explore the antidepressant-like effects of PAFL and its potential mechanisms.[Methods]This study used PAFL in mice under various conditions and analyzed the results.The antidepressant-like effects of flavonoids from Pteridium aquilinum(PAFL)and its possible action mechanism were discussed.[Results]PAFL(5 mg/kg,i.p.)exhibited markedly antidepressant-like activities,which could be reversed by treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine(an inhibitor of 5-HT synthesis),haloperidol(a non-selective D 2 receptor antagonist)and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(an agonist at the glutamate site).Meanwhile,PAFL also effectively increased the hippocampus 5-HT,DA,and Glu levels of mice exposed to TST and FST.The LPS-induced antidepressant behavioral experiment showed that PAFL(1 and 5 mg/kg,i.p.)and fluoxetine(20 mg/kg,i.p.)effectively reduced the immobility time,and increase activity time in OFT.PAFL pretreatment significantly reduced IL-6 and TNF-αserum levels and improve the changes of hippocampal SOD and MDA oxidative stress indicators.Furthermore,PAFL preconditioning could up-regulate BDNF and TrκB contents in hippocampus and down-regulate IκB-αand NF-κB phosphorylation.[Conclusions]The antidepressant-like effects of PAFL might be mediated by the 5-HT,DAergic and Gluergic systems,and the mechanisms of anti-depressant effects of PAFL might be via the alterations of animal behaviors,hippocampus inflammation and neurotrophy,which might be attributed by the BDNF/TrκB/NF-κB signaling pathway.

The effects of large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E on nerve injury, neurotrophic and oxidative stress in patients with acute craniocerebral injury

Objective:To study the effects of large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E on nerve injury,neurotrophic and oxidative stress in patients with acute craniocercbral injury.Methods:Patients with acute cranioccrebral trauma who were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Zigong from April 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the subjects and were randomly divided into two groups.The control group received conventional treatment,and the intervention group received large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E combined with conventional treatment.On the yh day and 7th day after treatment,peripheral blood was collected and serum was isolated,then the contents of nerve injury index NSE,S 100B,NGB,UCH-L1,Tf,Ft and neurotrophic indexes NTF-α,BDNE NGF and IGF-I were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit,and the contents of SOD,GPx,CAT,OH-,O2,MDA and AOPP were measured by radioactive immunoprecipitation kit.Results:3th day and 7th day after treatment,the contents of NSE,S100B,NGB,UCH-L1,Tf,Ft,NTF-α,BDNF,NGF,IGF-Ⅰ,OH-,O2-,MDA and AOPP in the intervention group were all significantly lower than those in the control group.The content of SOD,GPx and CAT in serum in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusions:High-dose vitamin C and vitamin E treatment can alleviate nerve injury,oxidative stress response,and improve neurotrophic state in patients with acute craniocerebral injury.

Effects of Urinary Kallidinogenase combined with mNGF on neurotrophic status, apoptosis and oxidative stress in patients with ischemic stroke

Objective:To study the effects of Urinary Kallidinogenase combined with mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) on neurotrophic status, apoptosis and oxidative stress in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated in Jiangmen Central Hospital between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected and divided into two groups according to random number table method, the control group received conventional therapy, and the observation group received Urinary Kallidinogenase combined with mNGF therapy on the basis of routine therapy. The contents of neurotrophic cytokines, soluble apoptosis molecules and oxidative stress markers in serum were measured before treatment and 14d after treatment.Results:Serum BDNF, NTF, VEGF, HGF and IGF-1 levels of observation group after treatment were higher than those before treatment whereas serum BDNF, NTF, VEGF, HGF and IGF-1 levels of control group after treatment were not significantly different from those before treatment;serum sFas, sFasL, sTRAIL, 8-OHdG, Hcy and MDA levels of both groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment whereas Livin, Bcl-2, SOD and GSH-Px levels were higher than those before treatment;serum sFas, sFasL, sTRAIL, 8-OHdG, Hcy and MDA levels of observation group after treatment were lower than those of control group whereas BDNF, NTF, VEGF, HGF, IGF-1, Livin, Bcl-2, SOD and GSH-Px levels were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Urinary Kallidinogenase combined with mNGF can improve the neurotrophic state and inhibit the apoptosis and oxidative stress response in patients with ischemic stroke.

Effects of lamotrigine + sodium valproate therapy on the nerve cell nutrition and apoptosis status as well as inflammatory response in patients with intractable epilepsy

Objective: To investigate the effects of lamotrigine + sodium valproate therapy on the nerve cell nutrition and apoptosis as well as inflammatory response in patients with intractable epilepsy. Methods: A total of 70 patients with intractable epilepsy who were treated in our hospital between August 2013 and October 2016 were divided into routine group (n=35) and study group (n=35) by random number table method, routine group received sodium valproate therapy and study group received lamotrigine combined with sodium valproate therapy. The differences in serum levels of neurotrophy indexes, nerve apoptosis indexes and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of neurotrophy indexes, nerve apoptosis indexes and inflammatory factors between the two groups. After treatment, serum BDNF and NGF levels of study group were higher than those of routine group;serum Bcl-2, Fas and FasL levels of study group were lower than those of routine group whereas Bax level was higher than that of routine group;serum IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 levels of study group were lower than those of routine group. Conclusion: Lamotrigine combined with sodium valproate therapy can effectively increase the neurotrophy, inhibit the nerve apoptosis and reduce the systemic inflammatory response in patients with intractable epilepsy.

Effects of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid on nerve function and oxidative stress during intracranial hematoma irrigation

Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid on nerve function and oxidative stress during intracranial hematoma irrigation. Methods: The patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who received hematoma aspiration in our hospital between August 2014 and November 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group who received mild hypothermia irrigation fluid and the control group who received room temperature irrigation fluid. Before treatment and 72 h after treatment, the contents of nerve injury markers, cytokines and oxidative stress mediators were measured after peripheral blood extraction and serum separation. Results: Compared with those of control group, serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-OHdG and nitric oxide (NO) contents of observation group were significantly lower whereas serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) contents were significantly higher after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: The application of mild hypothermia irrigation fluid during intracranial hematoma irrigation can alleviate the nerve function injury, improve the neurotrophic status and inhibit the oxidative stress response.

Cerebral angiography of collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction and its correlation with nerve injury

Objective: To assess the cerebral angiography of collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction and investigate its correlation with nerve injury. Methods: A total of 78 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in the hospital between January 2015 and June 2017 were divided into collateral circulation group (n=47) and no collateral circulation group (n=31) after cerebral angiography. The differences in serum levels of nerve injury markers, neurotrophy indexes and oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups. Results: Serum nerve injury markers Copeptin, H-FABP, S100B and MBP levels of no collateral circulation group were significantly higher than those of collateral circulation group;serum neurotrophy indexes BDNF and NGF levels were significantly lower than those of collateral circulation group;serum oxidative stress indexes 8-OHdG and LHP levels were higher than those of collateral circulation group whereas SOD and CAT levels were lower than those of collateral circulation group. Conclusion: Cerebral angiography can accurately assess the existence of collateral circulation in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and the cerebral injury is more serious in those without collateral circulation.

Effect of brain reflex instrument combined with acupuncture on convalescent neurotrophic status and nerve cell apoptosis in patients with cerebral infarction

Objective:To study the effect of brain reflex instrument combined with acupuncture on convalescent neurotrophic status and nerve cell apoptosis in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods:A total of 116 patients with convalescent cerebral infarction who were treated in Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University between October 2014 and December 2016 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, intervention group received brain reflex instrument combined with acupuncture intervention + conventional intervention, and the control group only received conventional intervention. Serum levels of neurotrophic cytokines, monoamine neurotransmitter, and nerve cell apoptosis molecules were detected before intervention as well as 10, 20 and 30 d after intervention.Results:Serum BDNF, VEGF, bFGF, NE, E, 5-HIAA, DOPAC, HVA and Bcl-2 levels of both groups 10, 20 and 30 d after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention while sFas, sFasL and sTRAIL levels were significantly lower than those before intervention, and serum BDNF, VEGF, bFGF, NE, E, 5-HIAA, DOPAC, HVA and Bcl-2 levels of intervention group 10, 20 and 30 d after intervention were significantly higher than those of control group while sFas, sFasL and sTRAIL levels were significantly lower than those of control group.Conclusions: Brain reflex instrument combined with acupuncture can significantly improve the convalescent neurotrophic status and nerve cell apoptosis in patients with cerebral infarction.

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with drug therapy on cerebral blood flow characteristics, nerve injury and nerve cytokines in the convalescence of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

Objective:To study the effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with drug therapy on cerebral blood flow characteristics, nerve injury and nerve cytokines in the convalescence of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 215 patients who were in convalescence of hypertension cerebral hemorrhage and treated in our hospital between January 2013 and January 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=109) who received conventional therapy and the observation group (n=106) who received adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and both therapies lasted for 1 month. The differences in nerve function and neurotrophic state were compared between the two groups of patients before and after treatment.Results: Before treatment, differences in the levels of cerebral hemodynamic index levels as well as nerve injury index, amino acid neurotransmitter and neurotrophic factor contents were not statistically significant between the two groups of patients. After 1 month of treatment, Vmean and Qmean levels as well as serum GABA, Gly, BDNF, NGF and NTF contents of both groups of patients were higher than those before treatment while R and Wv levels as well as serum S100B, GEAP, NSE, Glu and Asp contents were lower than those before treatment, and Vmean and Qmean levels as well as serum GABA, Gly, BDNF, NGF and NTF contents of observation group were higher than those of control group while R and Wv levels as well as serum S100B, GEAP, NSE, Glu and Asp contents were lower than those of control group.Conclusion: Adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy can effectively reduce the nerve injury and optimize the neurotrophic state of patients in the convalescence of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

Effect of early rehabilitation training on oxygen free radical generation and nerve injury in patients with cerebral hemorrhage

Objective: To study the effect of early rehabilitation training combined with edaravone on oxygen free radical generation and nerve injury in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in Zigong Third People's Hospital between July 2014 and March 2017 were selected and randomly divided into early rehabilitation group and routine rehabilitation group, the early rehabilitation group began the rehabilitation training 2 d after cerebral hemorrhage condition was stabilized, and routine rehabilitation group began the rehabilitation training 14 d after cerebral hemorrhage. Serum contents of oxygen free radicals, nerve injury markers and neurotrophic molecules were detected 28 d and 56 d after cerebral hemorrhage. Results: 28 d and 56 d after cerebral hemorrhage, serum MDA, AOPP, 8-OHdG, GFAP, NSE, Tf, Ft and S100B levels of early rehabilitation group were significantly lower than those of routine rehabilitation group while BDNF, NGF, NTF-α and IGF-I levels were significantly higher than those of routine rehabilitation group. Conclusion: Early rehabilitation training combined with edaravone for cerebral hemorrhage can inhibit the oxygen free radical generation, reduce the degree of nerve injury and improve the neurotrophic state.

Protective effects of modified Wendan decoction on hippocampal neurons in a rat model of depression

Objective:To study the effects of modified Wendan decoction on hippocampal neuron plasticity in a rat model of depression.Methods:Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into a blank control group,model group,traditional Chinese medicine(modified Wendan decoction)group,and Western medicine(fluoxetine)group.Isolation in conjunction with the chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)method was used to replicate depression in rats from the experimental groups.The rats were treated for 28d following successful modeling.After treatment,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)region in the rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to measure the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)in hippocampal tissue.Additionally,RT-PCR was used to measure hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA expression levels.Results:Compared to the control group,there was significant swelling,disordered cell arrangement,pyknosis,deepening of cytoplasmic staining in the hippocampal neurons,and severe hippocampal injury in the model group.Following treatment with the traditional Chinese medicine intervention,hippocampal neuronal injury was significantly alleviated,hippocampus structure was normal,and brain injury was significantly reduced in the depression rat model.Compared to the control group,hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA levels in the model group were reduced(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,hippocampal BDNF and GDNF mRNA levels in the traditional Chinese medicine group increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Modified Wendan decoction can increase hippocampal neurotrophic function and repair hippocampal neuronal injury,thereby preventing depression.

Neuroprotective effects of BDNF and GDNF in intravitreally transplanted mesenchymal stem cells after optic nerve crush in mice

AIM： To assess the neuro-protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） on retinal ganglion cells （RGCs） following optic nerve crush in mice. METHODS： C56BL/6J mice were treated with intravitreal injection of PBS, BMSCs, BDNF-interference BMSCs （BIM）, and GDNF-interference BMSCs （GIM） following optic nerve crush, respectively. The number of surviving RGCs was determined by whole-mount retinas and frozen sections, while certain mRNA or protein was detected by q-PCR or ELISA, respectively.RESULTS： The density （cell number/mm^2） of RGCs was 410.77±56.70 in the retina 21d after optic nerve crush without any treatment, compared to 1351.39±195.97 in the normal control （P〈0.05）. RGCs in BMSCs treated eyes was 625.07±89.64/mm^2, significantly higher than that of no or PBS treatment （P〈0.05）. While RGCs was even less in the retina with intravitreal injection of BIM （354.07±39.77） and GIM （326.67±33.37） than that without treatment （P〈0.05）. BMSCs injection improved the internal BDNF expression in retinas.CONCLUSION： Optic nerve crush caused rust loss of RGCs and intravitreally transplanted BMSCs at some extent protected RGCs from death. The effect of BMSCs and level of BDNF in retinas are both related to BDNF and GDNF expression in BMSCs.