目的:探讨围产期缺血缺氧对新生大鼠肺超微结构和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα-)及核因子κB抑制蛋白(κI-Bα)表达的影响。方法:结扎孕鼠一侧子宫角血管(另一侧宫内胎鼠作为对照),建立围产期缺血缺氧动物模型。电镜下观察肺组织超微结构变化...目的:探讨围产期缺血缺氧对新生大鼠肺超微结构和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα-)及核因子κB抑制蛋白(κI-Bα)表达的影响。方法:结扎孕鼠一侧子宫角血管(另一侧宫内胎鼠作为对照),建立围产期缺血缺氧动物模型。电镜下观察肺组织超微结构变化并分别采用ELISA、RT-PCR和W estern b lot杂交法观察不同程度缺血缺氧新生大鼠肺组织TNFα-蛋白和mRNA及I-κBα表达的变化。结果:宫内急性缺血缺氧20 m in时,新生大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞和毛细血管内皮细胞受损;肺组织TNFα-蛋白和mRNA表达明显增强(P均<0.01),κI-Bα表达明显减弱(P<0.05),并随缺血缺氧时间延长病变加重。结论:围产期急性缺血缺氧致新生大鼠肺损伤,Iκ-Bα和TNFα-的异常表达可能是肺损伤的重要原因。展开更多
The nuclear transcription factors κB (NF-κB) is widely existing in various kinds of cell types in the nervous system and plays an important role in neuron apoptosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Estrogen receptor ...The nuclear transcription factors κB (NF-κB) is widely existing in various kinds of cell types in the nervous system and plays an important role in neuron apoptosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ER-α36), is a novel variant of ERα (as known ER-α66) which can transduce both estrogenand antiestrogen-dependent activation of MAPK signal pathway and stimulate cell growth. Here, we aimed to detect the effect of ER-α36 gene silencing on the expression of NF-κB in normal cultured PC12 cells and to provide an experimental foundation for understanding the function of ER-α36 innerve cells. PC12 cells with ER-α36 expression knocked down by the shRNA method. Then Western blot and immunocytochemical staining were performed to detect the expression and translocation of NF-κB after transfection. The results showed that NF-κB expression was significantly higher comparing with the control group after transfection (P 0.01). Also, NF-κB subunit entered nuclear after transfection;Immunofluorescence staining and immunocytochemical staining of PC12 cells demonstrated that ER-α36 was expressed mainly on the plasma membrane and on the cell nucleus membrane. These data indicate that ER-α36 gene silencing can increase the expression of NF-κB and promote its nuclear translocation in PC12 cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Urinary trypsin inhibitor(UTI)inhibits the inflammatory response and protects against ischemia- reperfusion(I/R)injury.The inflammatory response is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and its related ...BACKGROUND:Urinary trypsin inhibitor(UTI)inhibits the inflammatory response and protects against ischemia- reperfusion(I/R)injury.The inflammatory response is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and its related target genes and products such as vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule and CXC chemokines.We aimed to assess the roles of those mediators in a UTI-treated mouse model of hepatic I/R injury. METHODS:Treatment group 1(UTI given 5 minutes prior to liver ischemia),treatment group 2(UTI given 5 minutes after the anhepatic phase)and a control group were investigated.Blood and liver samples were obtained and compared at 1,3,6 and 24 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS:Attenuation of pathological hepatocellular damage was greater in the treatment groups than in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the UTI treatment groups showed significantly lower serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels,decreased myeloperoxidase activity,and reduced NF- κB activation.Also downregulated was the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha,cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant,and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 at the mRNA level.P-selectin protein and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 protein expression were also downregulated.In addition,the treatment group 1 showed a better protective effect against I/R injury than the treatment group 2.CONCLUSIONS:UTI reduces NF-κB activation and downregulates the expression of its related mediators, followed by the inhibition of neutrophil aggregation and infiltration in hepatic I/R injury.The protective role of UTI is more effective in prevention than in treatment.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the anti-fibrosis effect of IκB kinase-beta inhibitor (IKK2 inhibitor IMD0354) in liver fibrosis. METHODS: Twenty male C57BL6 mice were divided into four groups. Five high-fat fed mice were inject...AIM: To investigate the anti-fibrosis effect of IκB kinase-beta inhibitor (IKK2 inhibitor IMD0354) in liver fibrosis. METHODS: Twenty male C57BL6 mice were divided into four groups. Five high-fat fed mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and five high-fat fed mice were without LPS injection to build models of liver injury, and the intervention group (five mice) was injected intraperitoneally with IKK2 inhibitor (IMD 30 mg/kg for 14 d), while the remaining five mice received a normal diet as controls. Hepatic function, pathological evaluation and liver interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression were examined. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tumor growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen proteins and mRNA. RESULTS: A mouse model of liver injury was successfully established, and IMD decreased nuclear transloca-tion of NF-κB p65 in liver cells. In the IMD-treated group, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (103 ± 9.77 μ/L vs 62.4 ± 7.90 μ/L, P < 0.05) and aminotransferase (295.8 ± 38.56 μ/L vs 212 ± 25.10 μ/L, P < 0.05) were significantly decreased when compared with the model groups. The histological changes were significantly ameliorated. After treatment, the expressions of IL-6 (681 ± 45.96 vs 77 ± 7.79, P < 0.05), TGF-β1 (Western blotting 5.65% ± 0.017% vs 2.73% ± 0.005%, P < 0.05), TNF-α (11.58% ± 0.0063% vs 8.86% ± 0.0050%, P < 0.05), typeⅠcollagen (4.49% ± 0.014% vs 1.90% ± 0.0006%, P < 0.05) and type Ⅲ collagen (3.46% ± 0.008% vs 2.29% ± 0.0035%, P < 0.05) as well as α-SMA (6.19 ± 0.0036 μ/L vs 2.16 ± 0.0023 μ/L, P < 0.05) protein and mRNA were downregulated in the IMD group compared to the fibrosis control groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: IKK2 inhibitor IMD markedly improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by lowering NF-κB activation, which could become a remedial target for liver fibrosis.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term combination therapy with alpha interferon and lamivudine in non-responsive patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: 34 patients received com...AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term combination therapy with alpha interferon and lamivudine in non-responsive patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: 34 patients received combination treatment (1 month lamivudine, 12 month lamivudine+interferon, 6month lamivudine), 24 received lamivudine (12 months),24 received interferon (12 months). Interferon was administered at 6 MU tiw and lamivudine at 100 mg orally once daily. Patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment.RESULTS: At the end of treatment, HBV DNA negativity rates were 88 % with lamivudine+interferon, 99 % with lamivudine and 55 % with interferon, (P=0.004, combination therapy vs. interferon, and P=0.001 lamivudine vs.interferon), and serum transaminase normalization rates were 84 %, 91% and 53 % (P=0.01 combination therapy vs. interferon, and P=0.012 lamivudine vs. interferon). Six months later, HBV DNA negativity rates were 44 % with lamivudine+interferon, 33 % with lamivudine and 25 % with interferon, and serum transaminase normalization rates were 61%, 42 % and 45 %, respectively, without statistical significance. No YMDD variants were observed with lamivudine+interferon (vs. 12 % with lamivudine). The combination therapy appeared to be safe. CONCLUSION: Although viral clearance and transaminase normalization are slower with long-term lamivudine+interferon than that with lamivudine alone, the combination regimen seems to provide more lasting benefits and to protect against the appearance of YMDD variants. Studies with other regimens regarding sequence and duration are needed.展开更多
目的研究在呼吸机所致肺损伤(VILI)的炎症反应中加用呼气末正压(PEEP)对核因子-κB(NF-κB)的活性变化的影响。方法健康成年新西兰白兔30只随机分为3组:PEEP组(致伤通气+3 cm H2O PEEP)、ZEEP组(致伤通气+0 cm H2O PEEP组)和对照组(始...目的研究在呼吸机所致肺损伤(VILI)的炎症反应中加用呼气末正压(PEEP)对核因子-κB(NF-κB)的活性变化的影响。方法健康成年新西兰白兔30只随机分为3组:PEEP组(致伤通气+3 cm H2O PEEP)、ZEEP组(致伤通气+0 cm H2O PEEP组)和对照组(始终以正常条件通气)。机械通气开始后4 h处死动物。采用Western-blot法检测家兔肺组织NF-κB及核因子抑制蛋白(IκB-α)的含量。结果家兔在致伤通气4 h后,肺组织NF-κB表达显著增加,而在致伤通气的同时加用PEEP,肺组织NF-κB表达明显减少。结论在机械通气过程中加用PEEP可通过减少NF-κB的表达保护肺组织减轻损伤。展开更多
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4(IRAK4)is a pivotal enzyme in the Toll-like receptor(TLR)/MYD88 dependent signaling pathway,which is highly activated in rheumatoid arthritis tissues and activated B cell-like...Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4(IRAK4)is a pivotal enzyme in the Toll-like receptor(TLR)/MYD88 dependent signaling pathway,which is highly activated in rheumatoid arthritis tissues and activated B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(ABC-DLBCL).Inflammatory responses followed by IRAK4 activation promote B-cell proliferation and aggressiveness of lymphoma.Moreover,proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1(PIM1)functions as an anti-apoptotic kinase in propagation of ABC-DLBCL with ibrutinib resistance.We developed a dual IRAK4/PIM1 inhibitor KIC-0101 that potently suppresses the NF-κB pathway and proinflammatory cytokine induction in vitro and in vivo.In rheumatoid arthritis mouse models,treatment with KIC-0101 significantly ameliorated cartilage damage and inflammation.KIC-0101 inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and activation of JAK/STAT pathway in ABC-DLBCLs.In addition,KIC-0101 exhibited an anti-tumor effect on ibrutinib-resistant cells by synergistic dual suppression of TLR/MYD88-mediated NF-κB pathway and PIM1 kinase.Our results suggest that KIC-0101 is a promising drug candidate for autoimmune diseases and ibrutinib-resistant B-cell lymphomas.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨围产期缺血缺氧对新生大鼠肺超微结构和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα-)及核因子κB抑制蛋白(κI-Bα)表达的影响。方法:结扎孕鼠一侧子宫角血管(另一侧宫内胎鼠作为对照),建立围产期缺血缺氧动物模型。电镜下观察肺组织超微结构变化并分别采用ELISA、RT-PCR和W estern b lot杂交法观察不同程度缺血缺氧新生大鼠肺组织TNFα-蛋白和mRNA及I-κBα表达的变化。结果:宫内急性缺血缺氧20 m in时,新生大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞和毛细血管内皮细胞受损;肺组织TNFα-蛋白和mRNA表达明显增强(P均<0.01),κI-Bα表达明显减弱(P<0.05),并随缺血缺氧时间延长病变加重。结论:围产期急性缺血缺氧致新生大鼠肺损伤,Iκ-Bα和TNFα-的异常表达可能是肺损伤的重要原因。
文摘The nuclear transcription factors κB (NF-κB) is widely existing in various kinds of cell types in the nervous system and plays an important role in neuron apoptosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ER-α36), is a novel variant of ERα (as known ER-α66) which can transduce both estrogenand antiestrogen-dependent activation of MAPK signal pathway and stimulate cell growth. Here, we aimed to detect the effect of ER-α36 gene silencing on the expression of NF-κB in normal cultured PC12 cells and to provide an experimental foundation for understanding the function of ER-α36 innerve cells. PC12 cells with ER-α36 expression knocked down by the shRNA method. Then Western blot and immunocytochemical staining were performed to detect the expression and translocation of NF-κB after transfection. The results showed that NF-κB expression was significantly higher comparing with the control group after transfection (P 0.01). Also, NF-κB subunit entered nuclear after transfection;Immunofluorescence staining and immunocytochemical staining of PC12 cells demonstrated that ER-α36 was expressed mainly on the plasma membrane and on the cell nucleus membrane. These data indicate that ER-α36 gene silencing can increase the expression of NF-κB and promote its nuclear translocation in PC12 cells.
文摘BACKGROUND:Urinary trypsin inhibitor(UTI)inhibits the inflammatory response and protects against ischemia- reperfusion(I/R)injury.The inflammatory response is mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and its related target genes and products such as vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecule and CXC chemokines.We aimed to assess the roles of those mediators in a UTI-treated mouse model of hepatic I/R injury. METHODS:Treatment group 1(UTI given 5 minutes prior to liver ischemia),treatment group 2(UTI given 5 minutes after the anhepatic phase)and a control group were investigated.Blood and liver samples were obtained and compared at 1,3,6 and 24 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS:Attenuation of pathological hepatocellular damage was greater in the treatment groups than in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the UTI treatment groups showed significantly lower serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels,decreased myeloperoxidase activity,and reduced NF- κB activation.Also downregulated was the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha,cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant,and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 at the mRNA level.P-selectin protein and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 protein expression were also downregulated.In addition,the treatment group 1 showed a better protective effect against I/R injury than the treatment group 2.CONCLUSIONS:UTI reduces NF-κB activation and downregulates the expression of its related mediators, followed by the inhibition of neutrophil aggregation and infiltration in hepatic I/R injury.The protective role of UTI is more effective in prevention than in treatment.
基金Supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau Youth Grant, No. 2008Y032
文摘AIM: To investigate the anti-fibrosis effect of IκB kinase-beta inhibitor (IKK2 inhibitor IMD0354) in liver fibrosis. METHODS: Twenty male C57BL6 mice were divided into four groups. Five high-fat fed mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and five high-fat fed mice were without LPS injection to build models of liver injury, and the intervention group (five mice) was injected intraperitoneally with IKK2 inhibitor (IMD 30 mg/kg for 14 d), while the remaining five mice received a normal diet as controls. Hepatic function, pathological evaluation and liver interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression were examined. Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tumor growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen proteins and mRNA. RESULTS: A mouse model of liver injury was successfully established, and IMD decreased nuclear transloca-tion of NF-κB p65 in liver cells. In the IMD-treated group, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (103 ± 9.77 μ/L vs 62.4 ± 7.90 μ/L, P < 0.05) and aminotransferase (295.8 ± 38.56 μ/L vs 212 ± 25.10 μ/L, P < 0.05) were significantly decreased when compared with the model groups. The histological changes were significantly ameliorated. After treatment, the expressions of IL-6 (681 ± 45.96 vs 77 ± 7.79, P < 0.05), TGF-β1 (Western blotting 5.65% ± 0.017% vs 2.73% ± 0.005%, P < 0.05), TNF-α (11.58% ± 0.0063% vs 8.86% ± 0.0050%, P < 0.05), typeⅠcollagen (4.49% ± 0.014% vs 1.90% ± 0.0006%, P < 0.05) and type Ⅲ collagen (3.46% ± 0.008% vs 2.29% ± 0.0035%, P < 0.05) as well as α-SMA (6.19 ± 0.0036 μ/L vs 2.16 ± 0.0023 μ/L, P < 0.05) protein and mRNA were downregulated in the IMD group compared to the fibrosis control groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: IKK2 inhibitor IMD markedly improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by lowering NF-κB activation, which could become a remedial target for liver fibrosis.
文摘AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term combination therapy with alpha interferon and lamivudine in non-responsive patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: 34 patients received combination treatment (1 month lamivudine, 12 month lamivudine+interferon, 6month lamivudine), 24 received lamivudine (12 months),24 received interferon (12 months). Interferon was administered at 6 MU tiw and lamivudine at 100 mg orally once daily. Patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment.RESULTS: At the end of treatment, HBV DNA negativity rates were 88 % with lamivudine+interferon, 99 % with lamivudine and 55 % with interferon, (P=0.004, combination therapy vs. interferon, and P=0.001 lamivudine vs.interferon), and serum transaminase normalization rates were 84 %, 91% and 53 % (P=0.01 combination therapy vs. interferon, and P=0.012 lamivudine vs. interferon). Six months later, HBV DNA negativity rates were 44 % with lamivudine+interferon, 33 % with lamivudine and 25 % with interferon, and serum transaminase normalization rates were 61%, 42 % and 45 %, respectively, without statistical significance. No YMDD variants were observed with lamivudine+interferon (vs. 12 % with lamivudine). The combination therapy appeared to be safe. CONCLUSION: Although viral clearance and transaminase normalization are slower with long-term lamivudine+interferon than that with lamivudine alone, the combination regimen seems to provide more lasting benefits and to protect against the appearance of YMDD variants. Studies with other regimens regarding sequence and duration are needed.
文摘目的研究在呼吸机所致肺损伤(VILI)的炎症反应中加用呼气末正压(PEEP)对核因子-κB(NF-κB)的活性变化的影响。方法健康成年新西兰白兔30只随机分为3组:PEEP组(致伤通气+3 cm H2O PEEP)、ZEEP组(致伤通气+0 cm H2O PEEP组)和对照组(始终以正常条件通气)。机械通气开始后4 h处死动物。采用Western-blot法检测家兔肺组织NF-κB及核因子抑制蛋白(IκB-α)的含量。结果家兔在致伤通气4 h后,肺组织NF-κB表达显著增加,而在致伤通气的同时加用PEEP,肺组织NF-κB表达明显减少。结论在机械通气过程中加用PEEP可通过减少NF-κB的表达保护肺组织减轻损伤。
基金supported by a grant from the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT,South Korea,project number SI-2231-40,KK1963-413)3D-TissueChip Based Drug Discovery Platform Technology Development Program(20009774,High-Throughput 3D Multifunctional Tissue-based Screening Service of Efficacy and Safety for Drug Discovery)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy(MOTIE,South Korea).
文摘Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4(IRAK4)is a pivotal enzyme in the Toll-like receptor(TLR)/MYD88 dependent signaling pathway,which is highly activated in rheumatoid arthritis tissues and activated B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(ABC-DLBCL).Inflammatory responses followed by IRAK4 activation promote B-cell proliferation and aggressiveness of lymphoma.Moreover,proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1(PIM1)functions as an anti-apoptotic kinase in propagation of ABC-DLBCL with ibrutinib resistance.We developed a dual IRAK4/PIM1 inhibitor KIC-0101 that potently suppresses the NF-κB pathway and proinflammatory cytokine induction in vitro and in vivo.In rheumatoid arthritis mouse models,treatment with KIC-0101 significantly ameliorated cartilage damage and inflammation.KIC-0101 inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and activation of JAK/STAT pathway in ABC-DLBCLs.In addition,KIC-0101 exhibited an anti-tumor effect on ibrutinib-resistant cells by synergistic dual suppression of TLR/MYD88-mediated NF-κB pathway and PIM1 kinase.Our results suggest that KIC-0101 is a promising drug candidate for autoimmune diseases and ibrutinib-resistant B-cell lymphomas.
