Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical symptoms.The p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(NTR))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve deve...Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical symptoms.The p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(NTR))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and maturation.Its cleavable extracellular domain(ECD)is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma,serum and urine.There is evidence for increased p75NTR ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,age-related dementia,schizophrenia,and diabetic neuropathy.Whether p75^(NTR) ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders,and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies,remains an open question.In this review,we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative diseases.We also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75^(NTR) ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Neurotrophic factors, as well as their receptors are key players in the formation and development of the central nervous system. Like the sculptor’s incisor, they for...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Neurotrophic factors, as well as their receptors are key players in the formation and development of the central nervous system. Like the sculptor’s incisor, they form the neural networks and circuits of the future organism. The neurotrophic growth factor receptor p75ngfr interacts with sortilin, serves as a receptor for proform of neurotrophic factors and exhibits a proapoptotic effect in developing neurons—dorsal root ganglia neurons and brainstem norepinephrine neurons. p75ngfr is highly expressed in Locus Coeruleus norepinephrine neurons. Therefore, an important task for developing further methods of CNS gene therapy is the development of tools and molecular methods for suppressing p75ngfr expression in norepinephrine neurons. For this purpose, we’ve developed improved dCas9 vectors with Suntag system to suppress gene expression and enhance methylation of CpG islands. We used 10 times repetitive GCN peptide that were fused to dCas9. Single chain antibody against GCN peptide was fused to KRAB repressor or Dnmt3a catalytic domain. Expression specificity was achieved by using a promoter consisting of 8 repeated phox2a/2b binding sites. In this work, we’ve tested a set of guide RNAs targeting p75ngfr cpg island in the promoter. Usage of Suntag system led us to the conclusion that topological orientation and length of the final complex could influence on p75ngfr antisense transcript expression, and that sequence was established in the rat P3 brainstem. </div>展开更多
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical symptoms.The p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(NTR))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and maturation.Its cleavable extracellular domain(ECD)is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma,serum and urine.There is evidence for increased p75NTR ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,age-related dementia,schizophrenia,and diabetic neuropathy.Whether p75^(NTR) ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders,and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies,remains an open question.In this review,we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative diseases.We also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75^(NTR) ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Neurotrophic factors, as well as their receptors are key players in the formation and development of the central nervous system. Like the sculptor’s incisor, they form the neural networks and circuits of the future organism. The neurotrophic growth factor receptor p75ngfr interacts with sortilin, serves as a receptor for proform of neurotrophic factors and exhibits a proapoptotic effect in developing neurons—dorsal root ganglia neurons and brainstem norepinephrine neurons. p75ngfr is highly expressed in Locus Coeruleus norepinephrine neurons. Therefore, an important task for developing further methods of CNS gene therapy is the development of tools and molecular methods for suppressing p75ngfr expression in norepinephrine neurons. For this purpose, we’ve developed improved dCas9 vectors with Suntag system to suppress gene expression and enhance methylation of CpG islands. We used 10 times repetitive GCN peptide that were fused to dCas9. Single chain antibody against GCN peptide was fused to KRAB repressor or Dnmt3a catalytic domain. Expression specificity was achieved by using a promoter consisting of 8 repeated phox2a/2b binding sites. In this work, we’ve tested a set of guide RNAs targeting p75ngfr cpg island in the promoter. Usage of Suntag system led us to the conclusion that topological orientation and length of the final complex could influence on p75ngfr antisense transcript expression, and that sequence was established in the rat P3 brainstem. </div>
