深圳地铁NOCC系统方案及信息需求分析

深圳地铁网络发展迅速,且有多个运营商参与运营,急需建设网络运营控制中心系统(NOCC),以实现全市轨道交通统一调度、统一管理。针对深圳市各轨道交通线路的庞大信息源,分析合理的NOCC职能范围,以及NOCC基本信息需求,确定了系统架构、容量、功能、网络负荷及设备配置,提出了经济适用、合理、可实施的NOCC系统方案。

The Customer Requirements Analysis Method of Engineering Products Based on Multiple Preference Information

To effectively evaluate the fuzziness of the market environment in product planning,a customer requirements analysis method based on multiple preference information is proposed.Firstly,decision-makers use a preferred information form to evaluate the importance of each customer requirement.Secondly,a transfer function is employed to unify various forms of preference information into a fuzzy complementary judgment matrix.The ranking vector is then calculated using row and normalization methods,and the initial importance of customer requirements is obtained by aggregating the weights of decision members.Finally,the correction coefficients of initial importance and each demand are synthesized,and the importance of customer requirements is determined through normalization.The development example of the PE jaw crusher demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Developing Dependability Requirements Engineering for Secure and Safe Information Systems with Knowledge Acquisition for Automated Specification

Our dependability on software in every aspect of our lives has exceeded the level that was expected in the past. We have now reached a point where we are currently stuck with technology, and it made life much easier than before. The rapid increase of technology adoption in the different aspects of life has made technology affordable and has led to an even stronger adoption in the society. As technology advances, almost every kind of technology is now connected to the network like infrastructure, automobiles, airplanes, chemical factories, power stations, and many other systems that are business and mission critical. Because of our high dependency on technology in most, if not all, aspects of life, a system failure is considered to be very critical and might result in harming the surrounding environment or put human life at risk. We apply our conceptual framework to integration between security and safety by creating a SaS (Safety and Security) domain model. Furthermore, it demonstrates that it is possible to use goal-oriented KAOS (Knowledge Acquisition in automated Specification) language in threat and hazard analysis to cover both safety and security domains making their outputs, or artifacts, well-structured and comprehensive, which results in dependability due to the comprehensiveness of the analysis. The conceptual framework can thereby act as an interface for active interactions in risk and hazard management in terms of universal coverage, finding solutions for differences and contradictions which can be overcome by integrating the safety and security domains and using a unified system analysis technique (KAOS) that will result in analysis centrality. For validation we chose the Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) approach and its modelling language, namely System-Theoretic Process Analysis for safety (STPA), on the safety side and System-Theoretic Process Analysis for Security (STPA-sec) on the security side in order to be the base of the experiment in comparison to what was done in SaS. The concepts of SaS domain model were applied on STAMP approach using the same example @RemoteSurgery.

The Conflict Analysis Between the Asset Impairment Loss and Accounting Information Quality Requirements

New accounting standards set that once any loss of asset impairment is recognized, here mainly refer to long-term assets, it shall not be switched back in the future accounting periods. In the author＇s opinion, this provision has some conflicts with the accounting information quality requirements which require reliability, relevance, comparability, and caution. This paper mainly analyzes the contradictions by comparing the provision with the requirements and putting forward relevant solutions. In the end, this paper has drawn the conclusion that the loss of the long-term asset impairment shall be allowed to switch back with certain conditions.

Developing architecture of a traveler information system for dynamic equilibrium in traffic networks

Having criticized the current architecture of Advanced Traveler Information Systems （ATISs）, this work discusses a new base of requirements to develop a new paradigm for traffic information systems. It mainly integrates three dimensions within a traffic system： drivers＇ pattern of behavior and preferences, urban traffic desires, and capabilities of traffic information service providers. Based on the above, functional segments from several related backgrounds are brought together to structure a new architecture, called Interactive Traveler Information System （ITIS）. The main interactive feature of this new architecture is a two-way communication track between drivers and the traffic information system provider-in fact, a decision on choosing a road at a particular time for an individual will be made based on the utility of both sides. This new configuration consists of driver-side smartphone application, centric traffic prediction, and decision-maker units, which will shape a new approach of decision-making processes. These all work together to satisfy the designated goal of ITIS, which is preserving the Wardrop equilibrium condition in the traffic network level. Finally, we concentrate on a comparison study, which shows a differentiation between performance of the proposed ITIS and the current ATIS model in a real situation. This has been done with simulations of analogical scenarios. The most noticeable advantage of the proposed architecture is not being limited to a saturation limit, and the positive effect of increasing system penetration in the performance of the newly introduced information system. In conclusion, new research subjects are suggested to be carried out.

Interpretation of Information Processing Regulations

Laws and policies impose many information handling requirements on business practices. Compliance with such regu-lations requires identification of conflicting interpretations of regulatory conditions. Current software engineering methods extract software requirements by converting legal text into semiformal constraints and rules. In this paper we complement these methods with a state-based model that includes all possibilities of information flow. We show that such a model provides a foundation for the interpretation process.

Quality Requirements for Multimedia Interactive Informative Systems

Multimedia Interactive Informative Systems (MIIS) are software applications resulting from the convergence of multiples technologies such as audiovisual, computing and communication. They aim to transmit information to a large, diverse and dispersed public. As with other mass media, the fulfillment of MIIS goals depends largely on the quality of communication between the system and end users. Therefore, those systems should be developed in order to ensure that this quality requirement is satisfied. If MIIS are constructed according to usual software engineering practices, the analysis discipline of the development process includes requirements identification and specification;however, these techniques are focused on functional requirements, and they do not give much importance to non-functional requirements. In this paper, we propose a development process based on the production of videogames which has two different phases: preproduction and production. The first phase, corresponding to requirements identification, derives into the concept of system. In order to translate this concept into a specification, we propose the use of new communicational attributes and a MIIS metamodel. The establishment of MIIS non-functional specification is the result of analyzing class diagrams through quality attributes. In order to evaluate if the specifications are responding to communicational attributes, a functional prototype is built and evaluated with end users. The proposed methodology is applied to a real case study.

服装个性化定制中信息技术的应用与展望

随着人们个性化需求的不断增加,服装个性化定制已成为时尚发展趋势之一。信息技术在推动服装个性化定制发展中扮演着重要的角色,可以收集和处理用户的个性化信息,并将其转化为具体的设计和生产方案。文章首先对服装产业信息技术的研究进展进行总结,阐述新一代信息技术在服装产业的应用情况;其次分析了信息技术在服装个性化定制领域的应用现状,按照定制流程分别总结信息技术在提高生产效率、降低成本和满足用户需求方面的优势及不足;最后根据目前服装个性化定制在数据共享、协同设计和柔性生产等方面的需求,从建模技术和系统平台构建两个方面对服装个性化定制发展进行展望。

基于KANO-QFD集成方法的健康网站信息服务质量优化研究

[目的/意义]健康网站作为新兴的健康信息服务方式,是用户获取健康信息和服务的重要平台。优化健康网站信息服务质量不仅可以保护用户的健康安全,还可以促进在线医疗行业的发展。[方法/过程]文章构建了基于KANO-QFD集成方法的健康网站信息服务质量优化模型,并以好大夫在线为例进行了实证研究。主要运用E-SERVQUAL和KANO模型设计调查问卷对健康网站进行用户需求获取与分析,采用Better-Worse系数分析法进行用户需求关键信息服务质量要素提取,最后使用QFD模型构建信息服务质量屋实现优化策略重要度排序。[结果/结论]可以为健康网站信息服务质量优化提供针对性对策与建议,细化分析用户需求和明确健康网站信息服务质量的重点改进方向。

未来智能网络信息体系发展设想

立足实现未来战争的智能优势,本文首先分析战争形态演进、未来战争面临的威胁与挑战,深入研究人工智能井喷式发展带来的作战技术体系变革,提出智能网络信息体系发展需求;然后,从相关概念内涵、能力构想、体系架构等多个维度剖析和勾勒智能网络信息体系发展蓝图;最后,从深化顶层设计、加强前瞻布局、创新发展模式等方面提出智能网络信息体系发展建议。

试论手工技艺信息的传播特性与要求

传播学视角下的“手工技艺”是承载于人类身体上的一种特殊信息,它既具有一般信息的基本属性,又具有契合手工技艺特征的独特属性。而手工技艺传承就是关于手工技艺信息的传播活动,它既要满足一般信息的传播要求,又要保持技艺信息传播的实践性、恒定性与核心性等,这些性质是影响和制约手工技艺信息传播效果的重要因素。对手工技艺信息传播特性与传播要求的探析,有助于为实现其高效优质传承提供一种理论依据。

脑卒中病人照顾者在线健康信息寻求的质性研究

目的:了解脑卒中病人照顾者使用互联网查询健康信息的体验与需求,为健康教育者针对性给予脑卒中病人照顾者有关健康信息寻求方面的建议与指导提供参考。方法:采用目的抽样法,选取天津市某三级甲等医院神经内科11名脑卒中病人主要照顾者为研究对象。采用现象学的研究方法进行半结构化深入访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析并提炼主题。结果:提炼出使用电子设备存在困难障碍、互联网信息质量参差不齐、影响照顾者在线查询健康信息的因素3个脑卒中病人照顾者使用互联网查询健康信息的体验主题;健康信息内容的需求、健康信息来源途径的需求、健康信息传播方式的需求3个脑卒中照顾者使用互联网查询健康信息的需求主题。结论:医护人员应重点关注老年脑卒中病人照顾者,提升其电子设备使用能力,提供专业、可靠、精准、符合照顾者需求的网络健康信息,增加其疾病知识,使其善用互联网以此提升其照护能力。

基于岗位需求导向的电子信息专业“岗课赛证”融合育人模式

目前,部分高职院校的人才培养模式满足不了社会和企业对高技能人才的需求。为了解决这一问题,针对电子信息专业的企业用人需求,深入探索研究专业领域内的“岗课赛证”融合育人机制。通过企业岗位调研、校企开发课程标准和模块、引导并组织学生参加相关专业赛项以及以证抵学分等方式,激发了学生学习的主动性,培养了学生综合素养,使得学生的岗位实践能力得到用人单位认可,实现了企业用人需求、高职院校人才培养、学生自我能力展现之间的高度融合。因此,“岗课赛证”融合育人模式研究具有重要的现实意义。

基于用户需求的数智化知识服务模式构建——以天津商业大学图书馆为例

通过调查问卷从用户对于图书馆知识服务的认知、需求情况、行为特点等层面入手,发现图书馆面临资源管理混乱、服务推广受限等问题;阐述了图书馆服务从学科化、智慧化走向数智化的发展路径;通过分析用户需求,厘清知识服务在“数据整合—信息检索—知识获取—价值创造”流程中的层级推进,提出通过个性定制服务、开放知识服务、学科知识服务、信息素养服务等方式构建数据资源与智慧化服务的新模式。

基于网络问答文本分析的延安旅游公共信息服务优化研究

完善旅游公共信息服务是顺应游客个性化出行趋势、实现旅游目的地全面发展的重要途径。在利用TextRank算法抽取关键词、生成共现网络的基础上,采用类属分析逐条提炼文本核心概念,构建了含4个一级类目的旅游公共信息需求体系,并结合关键词与文本等对延安游客旅游公共信息服务需求特性与变化趋势展开分析。结果表明:(1)延安旅游公共信息服务需求涵盖旅游目的地信息、旅游注意事项信息、旅游公共交通信息、涉旅企业信息4个主题,可细分为18个次主题;(2)延安游客旅游公共信息需求并不均衡,涉旅企业信息需求最大,旅游注意事项信息需求最小;(3)延安旅游公共交通信息需求呈明显下降趋势,涉旅企业信息需求呈明显上升趋势。

基于CTP的医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理

目的针对信息需求管理效率低下的问题,开发医疗信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统,实现需求从提交到管理的数字化、结构化。方法基于协同技术平台(Collaboration Technology Platform,CTP),设计医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统,统计系统的运行时间,比较信息需求的传统纸质管理和系统线上管理这两种方式的需求描述、需求分析、需求研发、需求测试和需求更新时间,以及50名工作人员在系统记录完整性、流程设计合理性、运行效率、用户满意度和数据可追溯性等方面的调查评分,来观察本信息需求管理系统的运行效果。结果建立了基于CTP的医院信息需求管理系统,实现了信息需求从描述到管理的全生命周期管理。系统的信息需求管理各环节用时均低于传统纸质流程,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。并且对比传统纸质方式,在系统记录完整性、流程设计合理性、运行效率、用户满意度和数据可追溯性等方面均有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论基于CTP的医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统为信息部门需求管理提供有效抓手,持续提升各部门的工作效率和满意度,是医院精细化管理的有效工具。

科研人员科学数据元数据功能需求探索

在数据共享和开放科学建设的背景下,通过科研人员对数据资源的需求,分析科学数据元数据的功能需求,以期为我国科学数据元数据标准建设和完善提供参考。通过半结构化访谈,收集30位科研人员研究过程中的科学数据元数据功能需求,并根据信息行为理论构建科研人员科学数据元数据功能需求模型。研究结果表明,科研人员科学数据元数据功能需求受个体价值感知和学科差异影响明显,并在科学数据的交流和共享过程中体现出来。本文从科研人员需求、信息行为过程和数据生命周期理论3个角度为科学数据元数据建设提出启示和建议。

面向学龄儿童的中国铁路科普信息交互设计

突破儿童科普现有的形式,采用新型互动体验和表达方式,激发儿童深入了解铁路发展历程的兴趣,增强对铁路发展的认知,从而达到科普中国铁路发展历程和锻炼儿童逻辑思维的目的。运用调查问卷、用户画像和归纳数据等方法,调查当前铁路科普方式的现状,分析其优缺点,提出适用于儿童铁路科普教育的最优交互设计。以“铁路小探险家”科普App设计为例,开发针对铁路知识科普教育的数字产品,为中国铁路科普教育寻求新的呈现方式。

竞争法视角下企业数据爬取行为合规研究

企业在市场竞争中扮演着数据的控制者和爬取者的双重角色。然而,从竞争法的视角来看,企业不当利用数据爬取技术可能引发不正当竞争和数据垄断问题。为了实现企业的可持续发展,必须重新定义大数据环境下企业的实质竞争关系;健全企业数据爬取的正当标准,即设立“善意爬虫”的三重标准,以确保数据爬取范围合法合规;完善企业数据开放义务,即结合企业经营类型,明确数据授权的必要性,改进反爬措施,实现数据的开放共享。只有正确应用数据爬取技术,将其作为推动企业发展的工具,企业才能获得长足的发展。

航空信息网络服务功能链请求调度策略

为解决航空信息网络场景下业务突发、拓扑结构动态变化以及资源有限所带来的资源利用效率低下问题,针对服务功能链请求(Service Function Chain Requirement,SFCR)高效调度的难题,提出一种网络功能虚拟化的服务功能链调度算法。算法依据SFCR与平台的相关性进行映射,提高服务器处理效率并有效减少虚拟网络功能实例化数量及整合平台资源;综合考虑时延和流量影响对网络功能实例进行整合迁移,降低网络能耗同时提升网络资源利用率。仿真结果表明,在满足时延需求条件下,新方法在运行平台数量、SFCR接受率、网络资源消耗等方面具有较好的优化性能,适用于解决航空信息网络场景下的SFCR调度问题。