氮(N)是植物生长发育需要量最大的矿质营养元素,也是作物产量的限制因子。硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)是植物吸收利用氮素的主要形态之一。目前,植物中已报道4个基因家族(NPF、NRT2、CLC和SLAC1/SLAH)参与硝态氮的吸收和利用,其中NPF基因家族...氮(N)是植物生长发育需要量最大的矿质营养元素,也是作物产量的限制因子。硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)是植物吸收利用氮素的主要形态之一。目前,植物中已报道4个基因家族(NPF、NRT2、CLC和SLAC1/SLAH)参与硝态氮的吸收和利用,其中NPF基因家族成员数量众多且功能多样化,近年来获得较多关注和深入研究。模式植物拟南芥和主要粮食作物水稻、玉米和小麦中,分别含有53、93、79和331个NPF基因。拟南芥NPF家族中已有超过一半成员(31/53)的生物学功能被解析,粮食作物水稻中NPF基因功能亦有较多报道。研究表明,NPF基因广泛参与了植物对氮素的吸收及其调控、转运、分配/再分配等过程,一些成员对于改良和提高作物氮素利用率(nitrogen use efficiency,NUE)具有重要作用。因此,从氮素进入植物体及其在植物体内流动的层面出发,发掘具有重要功能的候选NPF基因,对于解析植物利用氮素的分子机制及其遗传改良具有重要意义。本文综述了模式植物拟南芥以及粮食作物中已报道的NPF基因在氮素吸收和利用中的生物学功能。目前粮食作物玉米中仅有4个NPF基因的生物学功能被报道,小麦中尚未有相关报道,未来对玉米和小麦中NPF基因的发掘与功能研究将为改良作物氮素利用效率提供新的基因资源。展开更多
The com borer is a world-wide agricultural pest.In this study,a high-efficiency RNAi method was explored to knock down the neuropeptide F(NPF)to determine if NPF regulates larval feeding in the Asian corn borer,Ostrin...The com borer is a world-wide agricultural pest.In this study,a high-efficiency RNAi method was explored to knock down the neuropeptide F(NPF)to determine if NPF regulates larval feeding in the Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis.Results showed that the expression peaks of npfmRNA in both midgut and fat body are at 28 h of early 5th instar larvae.When NPF was kno eked dow n either by feedi ng dsNPF-c ontaining artificial diet or direct dsNPF in jection into the 5th in star larvae,npf expression was effectively inhibited in the midgut.Larval feeding,body weight and development time were significantly impacted.In con trast,the expressi on of the npf receptors npfrl and npfr2 in fat body of 5th in star larvae was sign ifica ntly increased by dsNPF injection.These results indicate that NPF can be effectively knoeked down in 0.furnacalis,and dsNPF by injection is an effective and fast way to silence npf expression.This study provides a critical basis for further exploration in mechanism of feeding regulation in 0.furnacalis.展开更多
In sect n europeptides are a group of brain n euro-regulatory factors,which plays very important roles in growth and developme nt,molting and metamorphosis,as well as mating and reproduction.The neuropeptide F(NPF),a ...In sect n europeptides are a group of brain n euro-regulatory factors,which plays very important roles in growth and developme nt,molting and metamorphosis,as well as mating and reproduction.The neuropeptide F(NPF),a multi-functional neuropeptide,is one of neuropeptides identified in numerous insect species,which plays important roles in feeding,metabolism,courtship,reproduction,aggression,ethanol sensitivity,locomotor circadian rhythms,learning and stress responses.These roles of NPF are implemented through NPF receptors(NPFR).The NPFR1,a G protein-coupled receptor with 7 transmembrane domai ns,is one of these receptors and is found to be imports nt for NPF regulation.The NPF usually is con sisted of around 36-40 amino acid residues,but the short neuropeptide F(sNPF)consisted of 7-16 amino acid residues have also been found in some insects.In this review,the structure and function of both NPF and sNPF in in sects are discussed.展开更多
文摘氮(N)是植物生长发育需要量最大的矿质营养元素,也是作物产量的限制因子。硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)是植物吸收利用氮素的主要形态之一。目前,植物中已报道4个基因家族(NPF、NRT2、CLC和SLAC1/SLAH)参与硝态氮的吸收和利用,其中NPF基因家族成员数量众多且功能多样化,近年来获得较多关注和深入研究。模式植物拟南芥和主要粮食作物水稻、玉米和小麦中,分别含有53、93、79和331个NPF基因。拟南芥NPF家族中已有超过一半成员(31/53)的生物学功能被解析,粮食作物水稻中NPF基因功能亦有较多报道。研究表明,NPF基因广泛参与了植物对氮素的吸收及其调控、转运、分配/再分配等过程,一些成员对于改良和提高作物氮素利用率(nitrogen use efficiency,NUE)具有重要作用。因此,从氮素进入植物体及其在植物体内流动的层面出发,发掘具有重要功能的候选NPF基因,对于解析植物利用氮素的分子机制及其遗传改良具有重要意义。本文综述了模式植物拟南芥以及粮食作物中已报道的NPF基因在氮素吸收和利用中的生物学功能。目前粮食作物玉米中仅有4个NPF基因的生物学功能被报道,小麦中尚未有相关报道,未来对玉米和小麦中NPF基因的发掘与功能研究将为改良作物氮素利用效率提供新的基因资源。
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730076).
文摘The com borer is a world-wide agricultural pest.In this study,a high-efficiency RNAi method was explored to knock down the neuropeptide F(NPF)to determine if NPF regulates larval feeding in the Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis.Results showed that the expression peaks of npfmRNA in both midgut and fat body are at 28 h of early 5th instar larvae.When NPF was kno eked dow n either by feedi ng dsNPF-c ontaining artificial diet or direct dsNPF in jection into the 5th in star larvae,npf expression was effectively inhibited in the midgut.Larval feeding,body weight and development time were significantly impacted.In con trast,the expressi on of the npf receptors npfrl and npfr2 in fat body of 5th in star larvae was sign ifica ntly increased by dsNPF injection.These results indicate that NPF can be effectively knoeked down in 0.furnacalis,and dsNPF by injection is an effective and fast way to silence npf expression.This study provides a critical basis for further exploration in mechanism of feeding regulation in 0.furnacalis.
基金This work is supported by grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730076).
文摘In sect n europeptides are a group of brain n euro-regulatory factors,which plays very important roles in growth and developme nt,molting and metamorphosis,as well as mating and reproduction.The neuropeptide F(NPF),a multi-functional neuropeptide,is one of neuropeptides identified in numerous insect species,which plays important roles in feeding,metabolism,courtship,reproduction,aggression,ethanol sensitivity,locomotor circadian rhythms,learning and stress responses.These roles of NPF are implemented through NPF receptors(NPFR).The NPFR1,a G protein-coupled receptor with 7 transmembrane domai ns,is one of these receptors and is found to be imports nt for NPF regulation.The NPF usually is con sisted of around 36-40 amino acid residues,but the short neuropeptide F(sNPF)consisted of 7-16 amino acid residues have also been found in some insects.In this review,the structure and function of both NPF and sNPF in in sects are discussed.
