According to a genome-wide association study,intronic SNPs within the human sterile 20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase(SPAK) gene was linked to 20% of the general population and may be associated with elevate...According to a genome-wide association study,intronic SNPs within the human sterile 20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase(SPAK) gene was linked to 20% of the general population and may be associated with elevated blood pressure. As cell volume changes,mammalian SPAK kinases respond to phosphorylate and regulate cation-coupled chloride co-transporter activity. To our knowledge,phosphorylation of upstream with-no-lysine(K)(WNK) kinases would activate SPAK kinases. The activation of WNK-OSR1/SPAK cascade on the kidneys and aortic tissue is related to the development of hypertension. Several regulators of the WNK pathway such as the Kelch kinase protein 3-Cullin 3 E3 ligase,hyperinsulinemia,and low potassium intake to mediate hypertension have been identified. In addition,the SPAK kinases may affect the action of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on blood pressure as well. In 2010,two SPAK knock-in and knock-out mouse models have clarified the pathogenesis of lowering blood pressure by influencing the receptors on the kidneys and aortic smooth muscle. More recently,two novel SPAK inhibitors for mice,Stock 1S-14279 and Closantel were discovered in 2014. Targeting of SPAK seems to be promising for future antihypertensive therapy. Therefore we raised some viewpoints for the issue for the antihypertensive therapy on the SPAK(gene or kinase).展开更多
目的:探讨乳源活性肽β-酪啡肽-7(β-Casomorphin-7,β-CM7)应用于食品时对葡萄糖吸收的影响及其作用机制.方法:选用健康成年SD大鼠,分为对照组(0mol/Lβ-CM7),L低剂量组、M中剂量组、H高剂量组(终浓度分别为7.5×10-7,7.5×10-...目的:探讨乳源活性肽β-酪啡肽-7(β-Casomorphin-7,β-CM7)应用于食品时对葡萄糖吸收的影响及其作用机制.方法:选用健康成年SD大鼠,分为对照组(0mol/Lβ-CM7),L低剂量组、M中剂量组、H高剂量组(终浓度分别为7.5×10-7,7.5×10-6,7.5×10-5mol/L).利用翻转离体小肠囊模型进行实验:(1)葡萄糖氧化酶法测定翻转后小肠内液葡萄糖含量;(2)比色法测定小肠黏膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活力;(3)荧光定量PCR法分析小肠黏膜组织中钠葡萄糖共转运载体(SGLT-1)和葡萄糖协助扩散转运载体(GLUT-2) mRNA的表达.结果:在离体环境下β-CM7在7.5×10-7-7.5×10-5mol/L浓度下对葡萄糖的吸收均有一定的抑制作用(1.09mol/L,1.24mol/L,1.12mol/L vs 1.74mol/L,P=0.01,0.04,0.02),能够降低Na+-K+-ATP酶活力(85.73,112.06,109.68 vs 114.93,P=0.004,0.73,0.54);荧光定量PCR结果发现:与对照组相比,β-CM7能够显著降低SGLT-1及GLUT-2 mRNA水平(0.46,0.58,0.77 vs 1.11,P=0.20,0.05,0.02;0.50,0.66,0.85 vs 1.14,P=0.30,0.14,0.03).结论:β-CM7可以通过降低Na+-K+-ATP酶活力及下调SGLT-1、GLUT-2 mRNA水平,减少大鼠小肠对葡萄糖的吸收.展开更多
Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic...Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. We established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by injecting endothelin-1 in the left cortical motor area and left corpus striatum. Seven days later, bumetanide 200 μg/kg/day was injected into the lateral ventricle for 21 consecutive days with a mini-osmotic pump. Results demonstrated that the number of neuroblasts cells and the total length of dendrites increased, escape latency reduced, and the number of platform crossings increased in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that bumetanide promoted neural precursor cell regeneration, dendritic development and the recovery of cognitive function, and protected brain tissue in the chronic stage of ischemia.展开更多
文摘According to a genome-wide association study,intronic SNPs within the human sterile 20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase(SPAK) gene was linked to 20% of the general population and may be associated with elevated blood pressure. As cell volume changes,mammalian SPAK kinases respond to phosphorylate and regulate cation-coupled chloride co-transporter activity. To our knowledge,phosphorylation of upstream with-no-lysine(K)(WNK) kinases would activate SPAK kinases. The activation of WNK-OSR1/SPAK cascade on the kidneys and aortic tissue is related to the development of hypertension. Several regulators of the WNK pathway such as the Kelch kinase protein 3-Cullin 3 E3 ligase,hyperinsulinemia,and low potassium intake to mediate hypertension have been identified. In addition,the SPAK kinases may affect the action of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on blood pressure as well. In 2010,two SPAK knock-in and knock-out mouse models have clarified the pathogenesis of lowering blood pressure by influencing the receptors on the kidneys and aortic smooth muscle. More recently,two novel SPAK inhibitors for mice,Stock 1S-14279 and Closantel were discovered in 2014. Targeting of SPAK seems to be promising for future antihypertensive therapy. Therefore we raised some viewpoints for the issue for the antihypertensive therapy on the SPAK(gene or kinase).
文摘目的:探讨乳源活性肽β-酪啡肽-7(β-Casomorphin-7,β-CM7)应用于食品时对葡萄糖吸收的影响及其作用机制.方法:选用健康成年SD大鼠,分为对照组(0mol/Lβ-CM7),L低剂量组、M中剂量组、H高剂量组(终浓度分别为7.5×10-7,7.5×10-6,7.5×10-5mol/L).利用翻转离体小肠囊模型进行实验:(1)葡萄糖氧化酶法测定翻转后小肠内液葡萄糖含量;(2)比色法测定小肠黏膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活力;(3)荧光定量PCR法分析小肠黏膜组织中钠葡萄糖共转运载体(SGLT-1)和葡萄糖协助扩散转运载体(GLUT-2) mRNA的表达.结果:在离体环境下β-CM7在7.5×10-7-7.5×10-5mol/L浓度下对葡萄糖的吸收均有一定的抑制作用(1.09mol/L,1.24mol/L,1.12mol/L vs 1.74mol/L,P=0.01,0.04,0.02),能够降低Na+-K+-ATP酶活力(85.73,112.06,109.68 vs 114.93,P=0.004,0.73,0.54);荧光定量PCR结果发现:与对照组相比,β-CM7能够显著降低SGLT-1及GLUT-2 mRNA水平(0.46,0.58,0.77 vs 1.11,P=0.20,0.05,0.02;0.50,0.66,0.85 vs 1.14,P=0.30,0.14,0.03).结论:β-CM7可以通过降低Na+-K+-ATP酶活力及下调SGLT-1、GLUT-2 mRNA水平,减少大鼠小肠对葡萄糖的吸收.
文摘Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. We established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by injecting endothelin-1 in the left cortical motor area and left corpus striatum. Seven days later, bumetanide 200 μg/kg/day was injected into the lateral ventricle for 21 consecutive days with a mini-osmotic pump. Results demonstrated that the number of neuroblasts cells and the total length of dendrites increased, escape latency reduced, and the number of platform crossings increased in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that bumetanide promoted neural precursor cell regeneration, dendritic development and the recovery of cognitive function, and protected brain tissue in the chronic stage of ischemia.
