该实验采用乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)-磷酸(2 g-5 m L)蒸馏体系对高粱、大曲、酒醅中的氰化物进行蒸馏提取,并结合全自动流动注射分析技术建立了高粱、大曲、酒醅中氰化物的快速测定方法。结果表明,氰化物在5~200μg/L范围内具有良好...该实验采用乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)-磷酸(2 g-5 m L)蒸馏体系对高粱、大曲、酒醅中的氰化物进行蒸馏提取,并结合全自动流动注射分析技术建立了高粱、大曲、酒醅中氰化物的快速测定方法。结果表明,氰化物在5~200μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 6),检出限(LOD)为8.10μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为25.00μg/kg;精密度、重复性、稳定性均良好,相对标准偏差(RSD)均<10%;样品的加标回收率为82.23%~97.64%。该检测技术前处理简便,检测效率较高,定量结果准确可靠,适用于大批量高粱、大曲、酒醅样品中氰化物的检测分析,对于提升白酒的质量安全监测能力具有重要的实际意义。展开更多
Development of low-resistance electrode/electrolyte interfaces is key for enabling all-solid-state batteries with fast-charging capabilities.Low interfacial resistance and high current density were demonstrated for Na...Development of low-resistance electrode/electrolyte interfaces is key for enabling all-solid-state batteries with fast-charging capabilities.Low interfacial resistance and high current density were demonstrated for Na-β″-alumina/sodium metal interfaces,making Na-β″-alumina a promising solid electrolyte for high-energy all-solid-state batteries.However,integration of Na-β″-alumina with a high-energy sodium-ion intercalation cathode remains challenging.Here,we report a proof-of-concept study that targets the implementation of a Na-β″-alumina ceramic electrolyte with a slurry-casted porous NaCrO_(2) cathode with infiltrated sodium hydroborates as secondary electrolyte.The hydroborate Na4(B_(12)H_(12))(B_(10)H_(10))possesses similar sodium-ion conductivity of 1 mS cm^(-1) at room temperature as Na-β″-alumina and can be fully densified by cold pressing.Using the Na4(B_(12)H_(12))(B_(10)H_(10))secondary electrolyte as interlayer between Na-β″-alumina and NaCrO_(2),we obtain a cathode-electrolyte interfacial resistance of only 25Ωcm^(2) after cold pressing at 70 MPa.Proof-of-concept cells with a sodium metal anode and a NaCrO_(2) cathode feature an initial discharge capacity of 103 mAh g^(-1) at C/10 and 42 mAh g^(-1) at 1 C with an excellent capacity retention of 88%after 100 cycles at 1 C at room temperature.Ion-milled cross-sections of the cathode/electrolyte interface demonstrate that intimate contact is maintained during cycling,proving that the use of hydroborates as secondary electrolyte and as an interlayer is a promising approach for the development of all-solid-state batteries with ceramic electrolytes.展开更多
Abrasive is the one of key influencing factors during chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） process. Currently, α-Alumina （α-Al2O3） particle, as a kind of abrasive, has been widely used in CMP slurries, but their h...Abrasive is the one of key influencing factors during chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） process. Currently, α-Alumina （α-Al2O3） particle, as a kind of abrasive, has been widely used in CMP slurries, but their high hardness and poor dispersion stability often lead to more surface defects. After being polished with composite particles, the surface defects of work pieces decrease obviously. So the composite particles as abrasives in slurry have been paid more attention. In order to reduce defect caused by pure α-Al2O3 abrasive, α-alumina-g-polystyrene sulfonic acid （α-Al2O3-g-PSS） composite abrasive was prepared by surface graft polymerization. The composition, structure and morphology of the product were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy（TOF-SIMS）, and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, respectively. The results show that polystyrene sulfonic acid grafts onto α-Al2O3, and has well dispersibility. Then, the chemical mechanical polishing performances of the composite abrasive on glass substrate were investigated with a SPEEDFAM-16B-4M CMP machine. Atomic force microscopy（AFM） images indicate that the average roughness of the polished glass substrate surface can be decreased from 0.835 nm for pure α-Al2O3 abrasive to 0.583 nm for prepared α-Al2O3-g-PSS core-shell abrasive. The research provides a new and effect way to improve the surface qualities during CMP.展开更多
A bimetallic nickel-molybdenum catalyst supported on γ-alumina was synthesized by the two-step incipient wetness impregnation technique.The activity of the prepared Ni-Mo/γ-alumina catalyst was evaluated in a down f...A bimetallic nickel-molybdenum catalyst supported on γ-alumina was synthesized by the two-step incipient wetness impregnation technique.The activity of the prepared Ni-Mo/γ-alumina catalyst was evaluated in a down flow fixed-bed microreactor.In this way,hydrodesulfurization(HDS)and hydrodenitrogenation(HDN)reactions of the main distillate fractions of crude oil were assessed.XRD,SEM,TPR,ICP-OES,BET-BJH and nitrogen adsorption/desorption methods were used for characterizing the synthesized Ni-Mo/γ-alumina catalyst.The active metals with Ni/Mo mass ratio of 0.23 and total metal of 13.7 wt% were loaded on the support,similar to the commercial industrial catalyst.The performance tests were conducted at 3.0 MPa(for light naphtha and heavy naphtha)and at 4.5 MPa(for kerosene and gas oil).The results revealed that the total sulfur conversion of the light naphtha,heavy naphtha,kerosene and gas oil fractions was 98.3%,95%,91.7% and 90.1%(after 24 h),respectively.展开更多
Ce-Zr compounds such as Cc0.68Zr0.3202 solid solution, Ce/Zr nitrate and CeO2/ZrO2 were added into γ-alumina-based slurries, which were then loaded on FeCrAl foils pretreated at 950℃ and 1100℃. The microstructures ...Ce-Zr compounds such as Cc0.68Zr0.3202 solid solution, Ce/Zr nitrate and CeO2/ZrO2 were added into γ-alumina-based slurries, which were then loaded on FeCrAl foils pretreated at 950℃ and 1100℃. The microstructures and adhesion performance between the substrates and the washcoats were measured by SEM, BET surface area, ultrasonic vibration and thermal shock test. The results show that the addition of Ce0.68Zr0.32O2 solid solution, Ce/Zr nitrate and CeO2/ZrO2 into the slurries can improve γ-Al2O3-based washcoat adhesion on FeCrAl foils. Furthermore, ceria-zirconia solid solution increases the adhesion of the washcoat on the surface of an FeCrAl foil than the two others. The specific surface area of this washcoat remains about 4345 m^2/g and the weight loss is below 4.0% even after aging test of 10% steam-containing air at 1050℃ for 20 h.展开更多
文摘该实验采用乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)-磷酸(2 g-5 m L)蒸馏体系对高粱、大曲、酒醅中的氰化物进行蒸馏提取,并结合全自动流动注射分析技术建立了高粱、大曲、酒醅中氰化物的快速测定方法。结果表明,氰化物在5~200μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(R2=0.999 6),检出限(LOD)为8.10μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为25.00μg/kg;精密度、重复性、稳定性均良好,相对标准偏差(RSD)均<10%;样品的加标回收率为82.23%~97.64%。该检测技术前处理简便,检测效率较高,定量结果准确可靠,适用于大批量高粱、大曲、酒醅样品中氰化物的检测分析,对于提升白酒的质量安全监测能力具有重要的实际意义。
基金support from the BRIDGE Proof-of-Concept program under contract number 40B1-0_198678/2.
文摘Development of low-resistance electrode/electrolyte interfaces is key for enabling all-solid-state batteries with fast-charging capabilities.Low interfacial resistance and high current density were demonstrated for Na-β″-alumina/sodium metal interfaces,making Na-β″-alumina a promising solid electrolyte for high-energy all-solid-state batteries.However,integration of Na-β″-alumina with a high-energy sodium-ion intercalation cathode remains challenging.Here,we report a proof-of-concept study that targets the implementation of a Na-β″-alumina ceramic electrolyte with a slurry-casted porous NaCrO_(2) cathode with infiltrated sodium hydroborates as secondary electrolyte.The hydroborate Na4(B_(12)H_(12))(B_(10)H_(10))possesses similar sodium-ion conductivity of 1 mS cm^(-1) at room temperature as Na-β″-alumina and can be fully densified by cold pressing.Using the Na4(B_(12)H_(12))(B_(10)H_(10))secondary electrolyte as interlayer between Na-β″-alumina and NaCrO_(2),we obtain a cathode-electrolyte interfacial resistance of only 25Ωcm^(2) after cold pressing at 70 MPa.Proof-of-concept cells with a sodium metal anode and a NaCrO_(2) cathode feature an initial discharge capacity of 103 mAh g^(-1) at C/10 and 42 mAh g^(-1) at 1 C with an excellent capacity retention of 88%after 100 cycles at 1 C at room temperature.Ion-milled cross-sections of the cathode/electrolyte interface demonstrate that intimate contact is maintained during cycling,proving that the use of hydroborates as secondary electrolyte and as an interlayer is a promising approach for the development of all-solid-state batteries with ceramic electrolytes.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60773080, Grant No. 90923016)Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. 09ZZ86)Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China (Grant No. J50102)
文摘Abrasive is the one of key influencing factors during chemical mechanical polishing（CMP） process. Currently, α-Alumina （α-Al2O3） particle, as a kind of abrasive, has been widely used in CMP slurries, but their high hardness and poor dispersion stability often lead to more surface defects. After being polished with composite particles, the surface defects of work pieces decrease obviously. So the composite particles as abrasives in slurry have been paid more attention. In order to reduce defect caused by pure α-Al2O3 abrasive, α-alumina-g-polystyrene sulfonic acid （α-Al2O3-g-PSS） composite abrasive was prepared by surface graft polymerization. The composition, structure and morphology of the product were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy（TOF-SIMS）, and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, respectively. The results show that polystyrene sulfonic acid grafts onto α-Al2O3, and has well dispersibility. Then, the chemical mechanical polishing performances of the composite abrasive on glass substrate were investigated with a SPEEDFAM-16B-4M CMP machine. Atomic force microscopy（AFM） images indicate that the average roughness of the polished glass substrate surface can be decreased from 0.835 nm for pure α-Al2O3 abrasive to 0.583 nm for prepared α-Al2O3-g-PSS core-shell abrasive. The research provides a new and effect way to improve the surface qualities during CMP.
文摘A bimetallic nickel-molybdenum catalyst supported on γ-alumina was synthesized by the two-step incipient wetness impregnation technique.The activity of the prepared Ni-Mo/γ-alumina catalyst was evaluated in a down flow fixed-bed microreactor.In this way,hydrodesulfurization(HDS)and hydrodenitrogenation(HDN)reactions of the main distillate fractions of crude oil were assessed.XRD,SEM,TPR,ICP-OES,BET-BJH and nitrogen adsorption/desorption methods were used for characterizing the synthesized Ni-Mo/γ-alumina catalyst.The active metals with Ni/Mo mass ratio of 0.23 and total metal of 13.7 wt% were loaded on the support,similar to the commercial industrial catalyst.The performance tests were conducted at 3.0 MPa(for light naphtha and heavy naphtha)and at 4.5 MPa(for kerosene and gas oil).The results revealed that the total sulfur conversion of the light naphtha,heavy naphtha,kerosene and gas oil fractions was 98.3%,95%,91.7% and 90.1%(after 24 h),respectively.
基金[The work was financially supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China ("973")(No. 2004CB719503).]
文摘Ce-Zr compounds such as Cc0.68Zr0.3202 solid solution, Ce/Zr nitrate and CeO2/ZrO2 were added into γ-alumina-based slurries, which were then loaded on FeCrAl foils pretreated at 950℃ and 1100℃. The microstructures and adhesion performance between the substrates and the washcoats were measured by SEM, BET surface area, ultrasonic vibration and thermal shock test. The results show that the addition of Ce0.68Zr0.32O2 solid solution, Ce/Zr nitrate and CeO2/ZrO2 into the slurries can improve γ-Al2O3-based washcoat adhesion on FeCrAl foils. Furthermore, ceria-zirconia solid solution increases the adhesion of the washcoat on the surface of an FeCrAl foil than the two others. The specific surface area of this washcoat remains about 4345 m^2/g and the weight loss is below 4.0% even after aging test of 10% steam-containing air at 1050℃ for 20 h.
