Stress of Cl- is Stronger than That of Na+ on Glycine max Seedlings Under NaCl Stress

Seedlings of six Glycine max cultivars were used to compare Cl- with Na+ in stress effects onsoybean seedlings under NaCl stress. Results showed that stress of NaCl on G. max seedlings was mainlycaused by Cl- and not by Na+. After treatment with isoosmotic solutions of Cl- (without Na+ ) and Na+ (with-out Cl-) respectively, fresh weight and height of G. max seedlings growing in solution of Cl- were much morestressed than those in solution of Na+. And the roots and leaves electrolyte leakage were much more increasedunder stress of Cl- than those under stress of Na+. Salt tolerance of G. max seedlings was mainly contributedto Cl- withheld in roots of seedlings to decrease its content in leaves.

Effect of polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera on maize seedlings under NaCl stress

In this study, a polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) was extracted and its effect on maize seedlings under NaCl stress was investigated. Firstly, the components and structure of the EP were determined. We found that EP is a sulfated polysaccharide of high-molecular weight (Mw, 1 840 KDa) heteropolysaccharides and the main monosaccharide is rhamnose. The polysaccharide was applied to explore its effect on the growth of maize seedlings and its defense response under a salt stress. The results show that EP could promote the growth of maize seedlings under the salt stress. In addition, EP was shown able to significantly regulate membrane permeability and adjustment of osmotic substances such as soluble protein, soluble sugar, and proline, antioxidant enzymes containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Therefore, EP is an effective salt-resistant substance for the growth of maize seedlings under NaCl stress.

The Physiological Response of Three <i>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</i>under NaCl Stress

In order to explore the salt-tolerance of Narcissus pseudonarcissus and enrich its cultivation and application forms. In this experiment, “Manly”, “Dutch” and “Wilden” daffodils were used as test materials. NaCl stress was applied at different concentrations, and the corresponding physiological indexes were measured at three time nodes: bolting stage, early flowering stage and blooming stage. The results showed that all three showed some resistance under low concentration salt stress, in which, SOD, POD enzyme activity, chlorophyll proline and soluble sugar content increased, while MDA content decreased. The physiological metabolism of the three was disturbed under high concentration of salt stress, in which, SOD, POD enzyme activity and chlorophyll content decreased, while MDA, proline and soluble sugar content increased. With the extension of stress time, the injury was gradually deepened and the salt tolerance of the three varieties is “Dutch”, “Wilden” and “Manly” in order.

Effect of NaCl Stress on Seedling Growth of Sunflower

[Objective] The paper was to study effects of different salt treatments on growth and physiological activity of sunflower seedlings,in order to provide a theoretical basis for sunflower cultivation in saline soil. [Method] With 567 DW sunflower as the material,effects of different concentrations of NaCl (0,0.06,0.12,0.18,0.24 mol/L) on growth and physiological activity of sunflower seedlings were studied. [Result]With the increasing concentration of NaCl,the morphological indexes of sunflower decreased significantly; MDA content increased,while Pro content and POD activity first increased and then decreased. Under the treatment of 0.12 mol/L,Pro content and POD activity reached the maximum value,respectively. [Conclusion] The critical salt-tolerance concentration of sunflower was about 0.12 mol/L.

Effects of NaCl stress on the biochemical substances in Bt cotton as well as on the growth and development and adult oviposition selectivity of Helicoverpa armigera

Background:Recently,due to the development of food security strategies,cotton has been planted in inland saline-alkali dry soils or in coastal some saline-alkali soils in China.Under the condition,to comprehensively prevent and control Helicoverpa armigera in cotton fields with saline-alkali soils,it is important to study the larval growth and development of H.armigero and to study adult oviposition selectivity in H.armigera adults that feed on NaCI-stNaCled cotton plants.Results:In this study,Bt cotton GK19 was used for the experimental group and its nontransgenic parent Simian 3 was used for the control to study the effects of biochemical substances in cotton as well as larval growth and development and adult oviposition selectivity of H.armigera.The experiments were performed by growing cotton indoors under NaCl stress at concentrations of 0 mmol-L-1,75 mmol-L-1 and 150 mmol-L-1,respectively.The results showed that the expression of Bt protein was significantly inhibited for NaCI-stressed Bt cotNaClThe content of soluble protein and K+ in the leaves of cotton were decreased,while the content of gossypol and Na+were increased.In addition,the 5th instar H.armigera larvae exhibited shorten the life span in a 13-day trial period.Under enclosure treatments and at different female densities,the adult oviposition of H.armigera decreased on high NaCI-stressed nontransgenic coNaCl,while the oviposition on Bt cotton tended to first increase but then decrease under low,moderate and high NaCl stress treatments.Conclusions:Under certain content ranges of NaCl stress treatments,larval of H.armigera growth and development,and adult oviposition were no significant difference in the change for a certain period.However,under high NaCl stress,larval growth,development and adult oviposition were affected,which may provide insights for the prevention and control of H.armigero for Bt cotton in saline-alkali soils.

Increase of nitrogen to promote growth of poplar seedlings and enhance photosynthesis under NaCl stress

The solution culture method was used to study the effect of increasing nitrogen on the growth and pho-tosynthesis of poplar seedlings under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. I Increase in nitrogen reduced stomatal limitation of leaves under NaCl stress, improved utilization of CO2 by mesophyll cells, enhanced photosynthetic carbon assimi-lation capacity, significantly alleviated saline damage of NaCl, and promoted the accumulation of aboveground and root biomass. I Increased nitrogen enhanced photochemical efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) and electron transport rates, relieved the reduction of maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) under NaCl, and reduced the degree of photoinhibition caused by NaCl stress. Increased nitrogen applications reduced the proportion of energy dissipating in the form of ineffective heat energy and hence a greater proportion of light energy absorbed by leaves was allocated to photo-chemical reactions. Under treatment with increased nitro-gen, the synergistic effect of heat dissipation and the xanthophyll cycle in the leaves effectively protected pho-tosynthetic PSⅡ and enhanced light energy utilization of leaves under NaCl stress. The increased nitrogen promoted photosynthetic electron supply and transport ability under NaCl stress evident in enhanced functioning of the oxygen-evolving complex on the electron donor side of PS Ⅱ. It increased the ability of the receptor pool to accept electrons on the PSII electron acceptor side and improved the sta-bility of thylakoid membranes under NaCl stress. Therefore, increasing nitrogen applications under NaCl stress can promote poplar growth by improving the effi-ciency of light energy utilization.

NaCl胁迫下外源亚精胺对马铃薯幼苗生理特征的影响

【目的】研究NaCl胁迫下外源亚精胺(Spd)对马铃薯幼苗生理特征的影响,为新疆盐渍化区域马铃薯种植提供技术参考。【方法】以晋薯16号马铃薯幼苗为材料,采用不同浓度NaCl模拟盐胁迫处理,研究外源亚精胺Spd对马铃薯植株生长、叶片抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质含量的影响。【结果】盐胁迫抑制了马铃薯植株生长,使得超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等酶促类抗氧化酶活性表现为低盐胁迫促进,高盐胁迫抑制;抗坏血酸(ASA)、谷胱甘肽(DSH)等非酶促类抗氧化酶含量均降低;脯氨酸、可溶性糖、氨基酸含量升高;外源亚精胺(Spd)通过提高叶绿素含量、根系活力,调节渗透调节物质含量,增强抗氧化酶活性等方式维持植物体的正常生理代谢功能。【结论】外源亚精胺(Spd)可提升马铃薯耐盐性,缓解盐胁迫对马铃薯植株的抑制作用,其中0.9 mmol/L Spd(S 3)浓度缓解效果最明显。

NaCl胁迫下pH值和氮素形态对狗牙根生长及钠钾离子调控的影响

以狗牙根〔Cynodon dactylon(Linn.)Pers.〕品种‘阳江’(‘Yangjiang’)为实验材料、2-(N-吗啡啉)乙磺酸(MES)为pH缓冲剂,采用水培法研究NaCl胁迫下pH值和氮素形态(铵态氮和硝态氮)对狗牙根生长和钠钾离子调控的影响。结果表明:处理1周后,若不添加MES,铵态氮处理组培养液的pH值下降到pH 4.0左右,而硝态氮处理组培养液的pH值则上升到pH 9.0左右;添加20 mmol·L^(-1)MES的铵态氮处理组培养液的pH值也下降到pH 4.0左右,而硝态氮处理组培养液的pH值则接近pH 7.0。与0 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl处理组相比,300 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl处理组狗牙根的枝条长度和枝条干质量显著(P<0.05)下降,而根长度、根干质量、根和叶中Na^(+)含量和Na^(+)/K^(+)比、钠钾选择性转运系数、叶Na^(+)和K^(+)的分泌量及分泌物Na^(+)/K^(+)比总体上显著升高。300 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl胁迫下,硝态氮处理组狗牙根的枝条长度、根长度、根干质量、根冠比、根中Na^(+)含量总体上显著高于铵态氮处理组,而叶中Na^(+)和K^(+)含量及Na^(+)/K^(+)比、叶Na^(+)和K^(+)的分泌量明显低于铵态氮处理组。300 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl胁迫下,20 mmol·L^(-1)MES处理组狗牙根的多数生长指标显著高于0 mmol·L^(-1)MES处理组,而根和叶中Na^(+)和K^(+)含量及Na^(+)/K^(+)比、钠钾选择性转运系数在0和20 mmol·L^(-1)MES处理组间的差异不显著。三因素方差分析结果表明:3个因子的单一和交互作用对多数生长指标、叶中Na^(+)含量和泌盐量相关指标的影响具有统计学意义。研究结果显示:硝态氮能缓解NaCl胁迫对狗牙根的伤害,而用MES缓冲根际酸碱环境对NaCl胁迫下狗牙根生长有一定的促进作用,因此,施用硝态氮或添加MES均有利于提高狗牙根的抗盐性。

Effects of Exogenous H_(2)O_(2) on ROS Metabolism in Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. Leaves Under Salt Stress

Salt stress is a major abiotic stress limiting plant growth and yield. In the present study, the effects of exogenous H_(2)O_(2) on the reactive oxygen species(ROS) metabolism and the antioxidant system in leaves of Nitralia tangutorum Bobr. under salt stress were studied. N. tangutorum seedlings were subjected to 200 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl treatment with or without the exogenous application of H_(2)O_(2) for 7 days. The results showed that NaCl stress significantly increased the relative conductivity, the contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) and ROS(H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(·-)), as well as promoted the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase(CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase(APX) in N. tangutorum leaves. In addition, exogenous H_(2)O_(2) decreased the relative conductivity, the contents of TBARS, H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2)^(·-), while further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These results indicated that H_(2)O_(2) effectively alleviated the adverse effects of NaCl stress on N. tangutorum through the regulation of ROS metabolism.

外源褪黑素对NaCl胁迫下向日葵种子萌发的影响

盐胁迫是影响作物产量和质量的非生物胁迫之一,褪黑素能有效提高植物应对盐胁迫的水平。本文以矮生向日葵为研究对象,以筛选出的0.25mol/LNaCl为胁迫浓度,通过测定种子萌发指标、膜脂过氧化程度、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性等,研究外源褪黑素对盐胁迫下向日葵种子萌发的生理调控机制。结果表明:随着褪黑素浓度的增加,种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、可溶性蛋白质含量均呈先升后降趋势,其中25μmol/L的效果最佳。脯氨酸含量较对照不断增长,以100μmol/L的效果最佳。MDA含量较对照减少,以25μmol/L的抑制作用最为显著。不同浓度外源褪黑素对种子SOD、POD和CAT活力均有明显的增加,以25μmol/L的效果最为显著。综上所述,25μmol/L褪黑素可以作为向日葵种子萌发期对抗NaCl胁迫的有效预处理措施,本研究为褪黑素的利用和向日葵栽培调控提供依据。

外源水杨酸对NaCl胁迫下老芒麦种子萌发和幼苗的影响

以老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)为研究材料,探讨了不同浓度外源SA(0.25、0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0 mmol/L)对NaCl胁迫下种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:在150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,外源添加0.25、0.5、1.0 mmol/L的SA均能减缓盐胁迫对老芒麦造成的抑制作用。综合评价分析表明,外源添加0.25 mmol/L的SA效果最为显著(P<0.05),此时老芒麦的种子发芽势、根冠比、幼苗可溶性蛋白含量和POD活性分别提高了32.58%、21.15%、69.48%和81.09%,而丙二醛含量降低了73.40%。本研究表明在盐胁迫环境下,外源SA能通过提高老芒麦的抗氧化酶活性和消除由ROS引起的氧化损伤等方式维持其正常生长。本研究可为老芒麦在盐渍化土壤地区的推广、应用及生态治理提供一定的技术参考。

NaCl胁迫下宁夏枸杞ABA代谢相关基因差异表达分析

为解析宁夏枸杞响应NaCl胁迫的ABA代谢分子调控机制,检测NaCl胁迫下宁夏枸杞叶片脱落酸(ABA)含量变化,并利用RNA-seq和qRT-PCR技术研究NaCl胁迫下ABA代谢相关基因的差异表达规律。结果表明,不同浓度NaCl胁迫下,宁夏枸杞叶片中ABA含量随NaCl浓度的增加呈现增加趋势;通过转录组测序筛选得到21个ABA代谢相关的差异表达基因,从100 mmol/L、200 mmol/L、300 mmol/L NaCl处理下的宁夏枸杞叶片中检测到ABA代谢相关的差异表达基因分别有17、11、9个,qRT-PCR检测结果与转录组测序结果基本一致。宁夏枸杞通过相关基因的差异表达调控ABA代谢和信号通路,从而参与调控其响应NaCl胁迫。

外源CO和H_(2)S对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光动力学的影响

[目的]研究一氧化碳(CO)和硫化氢(H_(2)S)调控作物幼苗抗盐能力的机理,为缓解盐渍土中NaCl对作物的胁迫提供理论和技术。[方法]以加工番茄品系KT-7为试验材料,采用无土栽培方法进行CO和H_(2)S叶面喷施试验。CO供体为氯化血红素溶液(hemin 15μmol/L),H_(2)S供体为硫氢化钠溶液(NaHS,50μmol/L),并因处理需要使用了H_(2)S清除剂次牛磺酸溶液(HT,100μmol/L)和血红素加氧酶抑制剂锌原卟啉溶液(ZnPPⅨ,25μmol/L)。试验共设6个处理,除对照根部浇灌营养液,叶面喷施清水外(CK_(0)),其余5个处理均根部浇灌200 mmol/L NaCl溶液,叶面分别喷施清水(CK_(1))、CO、H_(2)S、CO+HT、H_(2)S+ZnPPⅨ。幼苗长至四叶一心时,连续6天进行NaCl浇灌和叶面喷施处理,然后测定幼苗形态学指标,用Li-6800便携式光合测定仪测定光合参数,用Imaging-PAM荧光成像系统测定叶绿素荧光系数,植物效率仪测定叶绿素荧光动力学曲线(OJIP曲线)。[结果]胁迫6天后,加工番茄幼苗的各项形态学参数、净光合速率(P_(n))、实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)性能指标[PI_(ABS)和PI_((CSM))]显著下降,OJIP曲线产生形变,并出现K点。CO和H_(2)S处理均有效提高了加工番茄幼苗的光合色素含量、光合参数、PSⅡ的综合性能和受体侧的电子传递效率;提升了OJIP曲线中的J点、I点、P点,降低了ΔK,从而缓解了OJIP曲线的形变;CO处理的P_(n)、表观CO^(2)利用率(CUEapp)、Y(Ⅱ)和电子传递速率(ETR)分别较CK_(1)上升了75.63%、100%、60.00%和57.72%,H_(2)S处理分别上升了65.95%、100%、55.00%和52.68%,CO和H_(2)S处理均降低了非光化学淬灭和热耗散的比例,减少了PSⅡ供体侧放氧复合体(OEC)的损伤。CO+HT处理缓解NaCl胁迫的效果和CO处理相似,而H_(2)S+ZnPPⅨ处理则不能缓解NaCl胁迫,其光合色素含量、P_(n)、F_(v)/F_(m)、Y(Ⅱ)、qL、ETR、PI_(ABS)和PI_((CSM))较H_(2)S处理显著下降,热耗散比率则较H_(2)S处理显著升高。[结论]外源施用CO和H_(2)S均可通过提高光合效率,优化PSⅡ能量分配比率,保护光合电子传递链免受盐害损伤,显著提高番茄幼苗的抗盐能力。CO的作用位点可能在H_(2)S下游,具有协同H_(2)S提高加工番茄耐盐性的作用。

NaCl胁迫对杨树插穗生长的影响

本研究选择小黑杨、迎春5号杨和中绥12号杨3个杨树品种在添加不同质量浓度NaCl溶液的基质中进行了扦插试验,调查生长情况,进行了统计分析。结果表明:随着NaCl溶液质量浓度的升高,3个杨树品种插穗的新梢长度、叶片数量、根数、根长、插穗地上及其地下部分鲜重和干重等均呈现出逐渐降低的趋势。品种间插穗新梢长度、叶片数量、根长、地上部分鲜重和干重、地下部分鲜重和干重差异达到极显著性水平(F值分别为12.88^(**)、10.91^(**)、22.96^(**)、148.60^(**)、27.01^(**)、29.40^(**)、31.55^(**)),NaCl溶液质量浓度间插穗新梢长度、叶片数量、根数、根长、地上部分鲜重和干重、地下部分鲜重和干重差异达到极显著性水平(F值分别为11.63^(**)、10.45^(**)、13.10^(**)、10.12^(**)、43.22^(**)、10.80^(**)、18.66^(**)、20.48^(**)),小黑杨插穗具有较强的耐盐(NaCl)性。

氯化血红素缓解水稻幼苗期NaCl胁迫的生理特性研究

盐胁迫已成为全球范围内最普遍的非生物胁迫,严重影响作物的生长。水稻作为重要的粮食作物,通过化控技术提高其耐盐能力具有重要意义。为研究NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗生长和生理特性的影响及氯化血红素(hemin)缓解NaCl胁迫调控机制,以黄华占和湘两优900为材料进行盆栽试验,在水稻三叶一心期叶面喷施5μmol/L hemin,48 h进行50 mmol/L NaCl胁迫处理。每品种设置3个处理,分别为(1)CK:0 mmol/L NaCl+喷施蒸馏水;(2)S处理:50 mmol/L NaCl+喷施蒸馏水;(3)SH处理:50 mmol/L NaCl+5μmol/L hemin;NaCl处理后3、6、9、12 d进行取样,测定水稻幼苗生长参数、气体交换参数及生理指标。结果表明:NaCl胁迫下,2个水稻品种的幼苗生长受阻,光合速率下降、活性氧激增。抗氧化酶活性在胁迫前期与CK相比显著增加,但随胁迫时间的延长,酶活性较CK显著下降。其中,NaCl胁迫对黄华占的抑制作用强于湘两优900。叶面喷施hemin增加2个水稻品种的株高、茎基宽、生物量、总根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数;增强水稻叶片SPAD和光合能力;减少活性氧(O_(2)^(-·)和H_(2)O_(2))积累,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和电解质渗漏率(EL);激活水稻叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性及提高抗坏血酸(AsA)和可溶性蛋白含量。结果表明,NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗产生抑制作用,叶面喷施hemin可通过提高净光合速率、抗氧化物活性或含量,降低膜脂过氧化程度来缓解NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗所造成的损伤。

NaCl胁迫对马唐种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响

旨在明确NaCl胁迫对马唐种子萌发及生理特性的影响,为直播稻田马唐适生区域的预测及综合治理提供参考。以马唐种子为材料,采用0、10、30、60、100、150和300 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl溶液进行培养,测定马唐种子各萌发指标,并对幼苗生物量及马唐体内叶绿素含量(chlorophyll)、丙二醛含量(malondialde-hyde,MDA)、根系活力(root activity)、超氧化物歧化酶活力(superoxide dismutase,SOD)及过氧化物酶活力(peroxidase,POD)进行比较。结果显示:随着NaCl浓度升高,马唐种子萌发率、相对萌发率、萌发势、萌发指数及胚根和胚芽长度均呈持续下降趋势,而相对盐害率逐渐增强,浓度达300mmol·L^(-1)时种子停止萌发;当NaCl浓度为60mmol·L^(-1)时,马唐的胚根和胚芽长均达对照水平。马唐幼苗鲜质量随NaCl溶液浓度升高基本呈下降趋势,幼苗干质量较对照无明显差异(P<0.05)。幼苗的叶绿素含量随NaCl浓度升高逐渐降低;当NaCl浓度为60 mmol·L^(-1)时,马唐根系活力、SOD活力与对照相比均增加;MDA含量受NaCl胁迫后较对照升高,在NaCl浓度为300mmol·L^(-1)时较对照显著增加(P<0.05)。研究结果显示马唐萌发对NaCl胁迫的适应范围较宽,幼苗具有较强的耐盐能力。

深色有隔内生真菌对NaCl胁迫下白皮松幼苗生长、光合荧光及离子吸收的影响

【目的】研究NaCl胁迫下深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)菌株对白皮松的生长、光合荧光参数和矿质离子含量的影响。【方法】进行NaCl胁迫和接种处理,NaCl胁迫设置4个浓度水平:0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%;设置接种Paraphoma radicina(Pr),Phialophora mustea(Pm),Alternaria tenuissima(At),Acrocalymma vagum(Av)和未接种对照(CK)组。NaCl胁迫处理30 d,测定侵染率、植株生物量、光合荧光参数以及K+、Na+含量等。【结果】Pr、Pm、At、Av菌株的侵染率分别在0.3%、0.2%、0.1%、0.2%NaCl浓度达到最高。相比于0%NaCl胁迫,0.3%NaCl胁迫下的接菌白皮松地上、地下及总生物量均显著提高。接菌处理提高了白皮松总叶绿素含量和光合参数;降低叶绿素荧光ABS/RC、DIo/RC值,提高TRo/RC、ETo/RC值。此外,在0.3%NaCl浓度下,接种Pm、At、Av菌株的白皮松地上部分Na+含量显著降低,分别下降34.0%、26.6%、26.3%;接种Pm、Av菌株的白皮松地下部分Na+含量显著低于未接菌白皮松,分别下降24.4%和26.6%;在0.2%NaCl浓度下,接种Pr、Pm、At、Av菌株的白皮松地下部分K+含量分别显著增加42.9%、58.99%、56.96%、55.92%,从而提高了植株K+/Na+比。【结论】适度的NaCl胁迫可提高DSE侵染率,接种DSE能降低NaCl胁迫对白皮松光合的影响,调节体内K+、Na+离子含量,缓解白皮松受到的胁迫伤害,以维持逆境下白皮松的生长发育。

NaCl胁迫对不同玉米品种种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

采用室内培养和盆栽试验,以郑单958(ZD958)、京科968(JK968)、登海605(DH605)、登海鲁西206(LX206)、登海鲁西208(LX208)5个玉米品种为材料,设置5个盐浓度处理,分别为0(CK)、60、120、180、240 mmoL/L NaCl,研究不同玉米品种在盐胁迫下的种子萌发和幼苗生长的变化,以期为耐盐玉米品种的选育和盐渍化土壤的开发利用提供理论依据。结果表明,盐胁迫对不同玉米品种种子萌发和幼苗生长存在显著影响,与对照相比,60 mmoL/L NaCl处理的相对发芽率、根长指标没有显著差异;其他盐浓度均对玉米的相对发芽率、株高、根长、干重、根系生长、相对叶绿素含量及净光合速率产生抑制作用,各项指标在不同品种间存在差异。对不同玉米品种的各项指标进行综合分析,在S1处理中,耐盐性强弱依次为DH605、ZD958、JK968、LX208、LX206;在180和240 mmoL/L NaCl处理中,ZD958的综合评价值都为最大值,其次为LX208。

NaCl胁迫对糜子种子萌发的影响

【目的】研究NaCl胁迫对糜子种子萌发的影响,分析比较内蒙古糜子186和新疆黄糜MZ04的耐盐性。【方法】于种子萌芽期处理参试材料,统计发芽势、发芽率、胚根长度、胚茎长度,计算发芽指数,活力指数。【结果】NaCl胁迫过程中,参试材料种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根、胚茎长度差异显著,随着NaCl溶液浓度的增加,各个指标均降低,在200、250 mmol/L处理下MZ04的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数明显高于内蒙古糜子186;且在不同浓度NaCl处理下MZ04的胚根、胚茎长度均高于内蒙古糜子186;NaCl胁迫过程中,糜子种子萌发期各指标与NaCl浓度呈负相关,MZ04各个指标的耐盐半抑制浓度均高于内蒙古糜子186;MZ04的发芽率耐盐半抑制浓度为107.39 mmol/L,较内蒙古糜子186高出4.18 mmol/L,活力指数耐盐半抑制浓度为45.81 mmol/L,较内蒙古糜子186高出5.2 mmol/L。【结论】糜子在盐胁迫过程中,萌发相关指标主要是由盐浓度及品种的耐盐特性决定,新疆黄糜MZ04种子萌发期的耐盐性高于内蒙古糜子186。

NaCl胁迫对小麦种子发芽率的影响及耐盐性分析

为了研究NaCl胁迫对小麦发芽率的影响,探明小麦芽期的耐盐能力。以宁夏已审定的78个小麦品种和新品系为供试材料,以纯净水处理为对照,设置1、2、3、4、5、6、7 g/kg的NaCl溶液处理,测定其发芽率。结果表明,小麦种子发芽率随着盐浓度的增加而降低。当NaCl浓度≤2 g/kg时,发芽率均保持在80%以上;NaCl浓度为3 g/kg时,发芽率在70%左右;NaCl浓度为4 g/kg时,发芽率降至40%左右;NaCl浓度为5 g/kg时,发芽率降至20%以下;NaCl浓度为7 g/kg时,发芽率接近于零。说明NaCl浓度3 g/kg是小麦芽期耐盐临界值。结合聚类分析,初步筛选出芽期耐中度盐分的小麦品种6份,分别为春小麦品种HJ437、宁春8号、宁春48号、宁春49号,灌区冬小麦品种冬宁春4号、冬育10号。