Effect of dry-wet cycles on dynamic properties and microstructures of sandstone:Experiments and modelling

Underground pumped storage power plant(UPSP)is an innovative concept for space recycling of abandoned mines.Its realization requires better understanding of the dynamic performance and durability of reservoir rock.This paper conducted ultrasonic detection,split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)impact,mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP),and backscatter electron observation(BSE)tests to investigate the dynamical behaviour and microstructure of sandstone with cyclical dry-wet damage.A coupling FEM-DEM model was constructed for reappearing mesoscopic structure damage.The results show that dry-wet cycles decrease the dynamic compressive strength(DCS)with a maximum reduction of 39.40%,the elastic limit strength is reduced from 41.75 to 25.62 MPa.The sieved fragments obtain the highest crack growth rate during the 23rd dry-wet cycle with a predictable life of 25 cycles for each rock particle.The pore fractal features of the macropores and micro-meso pores show great differences between the early and late cycles,which verifies the computational statistics analysis of particle deterioration.The numerical results show that the failure patterns are governed by the strain in pre-peak stage and the shear cracks are dominant.The dry-wet cycles reduce the energy transfer efficiency and lead to the discretization of force chain and crack fields.

Study on time effect and prediction model of shear strength of root-soil complex under dry-wet cycle

Triaxial compression tests were conducted on the alfalfa root-loess complex at different growthperiods obtained through artificial planting.The research focused on analyzing the time variation law of the shear strength index and deformation index of the alfalfa root-loess complex under dry-wet cycles.Additionally,the time effect of the shear strength index of the alfalfa root-loess complex under dry-wet cycles was analyzed and its prediction model was proposed.The results show that the PG-DWC(dry-wet cycle caused by plant water management during plant growth period)causes the peak strength of plain soil to change in a"V"shape with the increase of growth period,and the peak strength of alfalfa root-loess complex is higher than that of plain soil at the same growth period.The deterioration of the peak strength of alfalfa root-loess complex in the same growth period is aggravated with the increase of drying and wetting cycles.Compared with the 0 days growth period,the effective cohesion of alfalfa root-loess complex under different dry-wet cycles maximum increase rate is at the 180 days,which are 33.88%,46.05%,30.12%and 216.02%,respectively.When the number of dry-wet cycles is constant,the effective cohesion of the alfalfa root-loess complex overall increases with the growth period.However,it gradually decreases comparedwith the previous growth period,and the minimum increase rate are all at the 180 days.For the same growth period,the effective cohesion of the alfalfa root-loess complex decreases with the increase of the number of dry-wet cycles.This indicates that EC-DWC(the dry-wet cycles caused by extreme natural conditions such as continuous rain)have a detrimental effect on the time effect of the shear strength of the alfalfa root-loess complex.Finally,based on the formula of total deterioration,a prediction model for the shear strength of the alfalfa root-loess complex under dry-wet cycles was proposed,which exhibits high prediction accuracy.The research results provide useful guidance for the understanding of mechanical behavior and structural damage evolution of root-soil composite.

Exploring the mechanical behavior and microstructure of compacted loess subjected to dry-wet cycles and chemical contamination

Due to climatic factors and rapid urbanization,the soil in the Loess Plateau,China,experiences the coupled effects of dry-wet cycles and chemical contamination.Understanding the mechanical behavior and corresponding microstructural evolution of contaminated loess subjected to dry-wet cycles is essential to elucidate the soil degradation mechanism.Therefore,direct shear and consolidation tests were performed to investigate the variations in mechanical properties of compacted loess contaminated with acetic acid,sodium hydroxide,and sodium sulfate during dry-wet cycles.The mechanical response mechanisms were investigated using zeta potential,mineral chemical composition,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)tests.The results indicate that the mechanical deterioration of sodium hydroxidecontaminated loess during dry-wet cycles decreases with increasing contaminant concentration,which is mainly attributed to the thickening of the electrical double layer(EDL)by Nat and the precipitation of calcite,as well as the formation of colloidal flocs induced by OH,thus inhibiting the development of large pores during the dry-wet process.In contrast,the attenuation of mechanical properties of both acetic acid-and sodium sulfate-contaminated loess becomes more severe with increasing contaminant concentration,with the latter being more particularly significant.This is primarily due to the reduction of the EDL thickness and the erosion of cement in the acidic environment,which facilitates the connectivity of pores during dry-wet cycles.Furthermore,the salt expansion generated by the drying process of saline loess further intensifies the structural disturbance.Consequently,the mechanical performance of compacted loess is sensitive to both pollutant type and concentration,exhibiting different response patterns in the dry-wet cycling condition.

Effects of dry-wet cycles on the mechanical properties of sandstone with unloading-induced damage

Sandstone is the fundamental material in various engineering and construction projects.However,the mechanical integrity of sandstone can be compromised by initial unloading damage resulting from activities such as engineering excavations.Furthermore,this degradation is further exacerbated under periodic dry-wet environmental conditions.This study investigated the effects of dry-wet cycles and unloading on the mechanical properties of jointed fine sandstone using uniaxial and triaxial compression tests.These tests were performed on rock samples subjected to varying unloading degrees and different numbers of dry-wet cycles.The results demonstrate that with an increase in the unloading degree from 0%to 70%,there is a corresponding decrease in peak stress ranging from 10%to 33%.Additionally,the cohesion exhibits a reduction of approximately 20%to 25%,while the internal friction angle experiences a decline of about 3.5%to 6%.These findings emphasize a significant unloading effect.Moreover,the degree of peak stress degradation in unloading jointed fine sandstone diminishes with an increase in confining pressure,suggesting that confining pressure mitigates the deterioration caused by dry-wet cycles.Additionally,as the number of dry-wet cycles increases,there is a notable decline in the mechanical properties of the sandstone,evidencing significant dry-wet degradation.Utilizing the Drucker Prager criterion,this study establishes a strength criterion and fracture criterion,denoted as σ_(1)(m,n) and K_(T)^(Ⅱ)(m, n), to quantify the combined impacts of dry-wet cycles and unloading on jointed fine sandstone,which provides a comprehensive understanding of its mechanical behavior under such conditions.

A meso-damage-based constitutive model for yellow sandstone under dry-wet cycles

The mechanical properties of rocks weaken under dry-wet cycles.This weakening may significantly modify the safety reserve of underground caverns or reservoir bank slopes.However,meso-damage has not been carefully studied based on micromechanical observations and analyses.Therefore,in this study,meso-damage of a yellow sandstone is investigated and a meso-damage-based constitutive model for dry-wet cycles is proposed.First,computed tomography scanning and uniaxial compression tests were conducted on yellow sandstones under different dry-wet cycles.Second,the evolution of rock mesostructures and the damage mechanism subjected to dry-wet cycles were simulated using the discrete element method with Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimensions(PFC2D)software.Third,a constitutive model was proposed based on the meso-statistical theory and damage mechanics.Finally,this constitutive model was verified with the experimental results to check its prediction capability.It is found that the radius and number of pore throats in the sandstone increase gradually with the number of dry-wet cycles,and the pore structure connectivity is also improved.The contact force of sandstone interparticle cementation decreases approximately linearly and the continuity of the particle contact network is continuously broken.The meso-deformation and strength parameters show similar declining patterns to the modulus of elasticity and peak strength of the rock sample,respectively.This meso-damage-based constitutive model can describe well the rock deforma-tion in the initial pressure density stage and the damage stage under the coupling effect of dry-wet cycles and loads.

Effects of dry-wet cycles on three-dimensional pore structure and permeability characteristics of granite residual soil using X-ray micro computed tomography

Due to seasonal climate alterations,the microstructure and permeability of granite residual soil are easily affected by multiple dry-wet cycles.The X-ray micro computed tomography(micro-CT)acted as a nondestructive tool for characterizing the microstructure of soil samples exposed to a range of damage levels induced by dry-wet cycles.Subsequently,the variations of pore distribution and permeability due to drywet cycling effects were revealed based on three-dimensional(3D)pore distribution analysis and seepage simulations.According to the results,granite residual soils could be separated into four different components,namely,pores,clay,quartz,and hematite,from micro-CT images.The reconstructed 3D pore models dynamically demonstrated the expanding and connecting patterns of pore structures during drywet cycles.The values of porosity and connectivity are positively correlated with the number of dry-wet cycles,which were expressed by exponential and linear functions,respectively.The pore volume probability distribution curves of granite residual soil coincide with the χ^(2)distribution curve,which verifies the effectiveness of the assumption of χ^(2)distribution probability.The pore volume distribution curves suggest that the pores in soils were divided into four types based on their volumes,i.e.micropores,mesopores,macropores,and cracks.From a quantitative and visual perspective,considerable small pores are gradually transformed into cracks with a large volume and a high connectivity.Under the action of dry-wet cycles,the number of seepage flow streamlines which contribute to water permeation in seepage simulation increases distinctly,as well as the permeability and hydraulic conductivity.The calculated hydraulic conductivity is comparable with measured ones with an acceptable error margin in general,verifying the accuracy of seepage simulations based on micro-CT results.

Shot noise analysis on corrosion behavior of zinc alloy (ZnAl4Cul) under dry-wet cycles

The corrosion behaviors of zinc alloy （ZnAl4Cul） in 3.5% （mass fraction） NaCl, 7.3% （mass fraction） Na2SO4 and simulated acid rain solutions were investigated using electrochemical measurements. The potential noise during dry-wet cycle was monitored and analyzed by fast Fourier transform （FFT）, fast wavelet transform （FWT）, shot noise theory and stochastic theory. Cumulative probability curves of event frequency fn indicate that the corrosion events in the dry cycles are greater than those in the wet cycles. Uniform corrosion was observed in the NaCl solution compared with more localized corrosion in the Na2SO4 solution, which is evidenced by FWT and SEM. Conditional events generation rate r（t） for diffusion controlled reactions decreases with increasing the time. r（t） values for uniform corrosion and diffusion controlled process are the largest in the wet cycle in 3.5% NaCl solution. The values of r（t） for pitting corrosion in Na2SO4 solution are observed to become large during spraying periods, and r（t） for pitting corrosion has the largest value in the Na2SO4 solution. The intergranular corrosion of zinc is serious in simulated acid rain solution.

Performance of interface between TRC and existing concrete under a chloride dry-wet cycle environment

Textile-reinforced concrete(TRC)is suitable to repair and reinforce concrete structures in harsh environments.The performance of the interface between TRC and existing concrete is an important factor in determining the strengthening effect of TRC.In this paper,a double-sided shear test was performed to investigate the effects of the chloride dry-wet cycles on the average shear strength and slip at the interface between the TRC and existing concrete,also considering the existing concrete strength,bond length,textile layer and short-cut fiber arrangements.In addition,X-ray diffraction(XRD)technology was used to analyze the microscopic matter at the interface in the corrosive environment.The experimental results indicate that the interface performance between TRC and existing concrete would decrease with continued chloride dry-wet cycles.Compared with the specimen with a single layer of textile reinforcement,the specimens with two layers of textile with added PVA or AR-glass short-cut fibers could further improve the properties of the interface between the TRC layer and existing concrete.For the TRC with a single layer of textile,the average shear strength tended to decrease with increasing bond length.In addition,the strength grade of the existing concrete had a minor effect on the interface properties.

Stability analysis of gravity anchor foundation of layered argillaceous sandstone under dry-wet cycles

To investigate the stability of gravity anchors of suspension bridges,in-situ tests of the vertical bearing capacity of the bedrock,shear resistance of the anchor-rock interface,shear resistance of the bedrock were conducted in a suspension bridge project.Under dry-wet cycles,the deterioration law of the mechanical properties of argillaceous sandstone was identified in laboratory tests:the elastic modulus,cohesion and friction of the argillaceous sandstone deteriorated significantly at first few dry-wet cycles and then declined slowly after 10 cycles,ultimately these three mechanical parameters were reduced to about 1/3,1/3,2/3 of the initial value respectively.Moreover,numerical simulation was used to restore in-situ shear tests and a good agreement was obtained.Base on the results of in-situ and laboratory tests,the stability of the gravity anchor foundation under natural conditions and drywet cycles was calculated and its failure modes were analyzed.The results demonstrated that the dry-wet cycles caused uneven settlement of the anchor foundation,resulting in more serious stress concentration in the substrate.The dry-wet cycles remarkably reduced the stability coefficient of the anchor foundation,whose failure mode shifted from overturning failure under natural conditions to sliding failure.When there was weak interlayer in the rock layer,the anti-sliding stability of the anchor foundation was affected drastically.

The law of strength damage and deterioration of jointed sandstone after dry-wet cycles

Under the periodic rise and fall of the water level in the Three Gorges Reservoir in China,the rock mass in the ebb and flow zone of the slope is always in a state of a dry-wet cycle.In order to explore the influence of dry-wet cycle on mechanical properties of jointed sandstone,the triaxial and uniaxial compression tests of dry-wet cycle of jointed sandstone were carried out.For the experiment,four groups of samples with different numbers of joints were set up,and the jointed rock samples were subjected to 20 dry-wet cycles.Using both the triaxial compression test and the Mohr-Coulomb(M-C)rock fracture criterion,the strength envelope of the sandstone samples was fitted,and their strength degradation was further analyzed and studied.The results show that:(1)The peak intensity and elastic modulus of the sandstone samples decrease with increased number of dry-wet cycles.(2)The total deterioration of mechanical properties of intact rock samples is bigger than that of jointed sandstone samples as the number of dry-wet cycles increases.(3)With the increase of confining pressure,the peak intensity of intact sandstone samples increases much more than that of jointed sandstone samples,which indicates that joints and their numbers have obvious influence.(4)Joints and their numbers play an important role in guiding the damage effects of sandstone samples,which weaken the damage caused by dry-wet cycles.Therefore,the envelope of the M-C strength criterion of intact sandstone samples moves more than that of jointed sandstone samples.

Effect of Dry-Wet Cycles on the Transport and Mechanical Properties of Cement Mortar Subjected to Sulfate Attack

This study deals with the analysis of the detrimental effects of a“sulfate attack”on cement mortar for different dry-wet cycles.The mass loss,tensile strength,and gas permeability coefficient were determined and analyzed under different exposure conditions.At the same time,nitrogen adsorption(NAD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD)techniques were used to analyze the corresponding variations in the microstructure and the corrosion products.The results show that certain properties of the cement mortar evolve differently according to the durations of the dry-wet cycles and that some damage is caused to the mortars in aqueous solution.The pores fill with corrosion products,increasing the mortar specimen mass and tensile strength while reducing the permeability coefficient and pore size distribution.As corrosion proceeds,the crystallization pressure of the corrosion products increases,resulting in a 16%reduction in tensile strength from the initial value and a 2.6-factor increase in the permeability coefficient,indicating sensitivity to sulfate attack damage.Furthermore,the main corrosion products generated in the experiment are gypsum and ettringite.Application of osmotic pressure and extension of the immersion time can accelerate the erosion process.

Law of Water Content Change in Subgrade Soil Under Action of Dry-Wet Cycle

Due to the influence of the groundwater level,the internal humidity of the subgrade changes and the stability of the subgrade is affected. The main purpose of this paper is to obtain a reliable model of subgrade soil water content variation under the action of dry-wet cycle through sensor readings. Thus,an indoor soil column model test system is designed,and the readings of the sensors are used to determine the changing law of moisture field in the subgrade soil. The sensor readings indicate that the water content gradually decreases along the height of the soil column,and the water in the upper part of the soil column continuously loses,while the water in the lower part migrates upward to supplement. With the increase of dry-wet cycle index,the water holding capacity of soil decreases,and the soil surface gradually cracks and tends to rupture.

The Quantification of Micro-structural Damage of Weak Muddy Intercalation in Dry-wet Cycles Combining in-situ SEM and DIP

In order to reflect truly the damage evolution mechanism of weak muddy intercalation in dry-wet cycles, two typical weak muddy intercalations were selected for dry-wet cycles. The mineral changes of specimens were analyzed via X-ray diffraction after dry-wet cycles. By combining in-situ SEM and digital image processing(DIP), the damage evolution process and damage characteristic parameters of each stage were obtained. The experimental results indicate that the hydration and dissolution of minerals can not be a determinant factor in structure damage. The micro-structural damage is due to disintegration of mineral aggregates, leading to changes in the number and size of cracks and pores. The damage degree of specimens is related to its initial structure, and the micro-structural damage intensifies and finally tends to stabilize with cycle times increased.

Investigation of Sulfate Attack Resistance of Shotcrete under Dry-wet Cycles

In order to research the sulfate attack resistance of shotcrete, the sulfate attack of shotcrete in the presence and absence of steel fiber was experimentally studied by using dry-wet cycle method. Meanwhile, compared with ordinary concrete by the same mixture, the difference of sulfate attack resistance of shotcrete was studied. The experimental results showed that, with dry-wet cycles increasing, the changes of loss rate of relative dynamic elastic modulus and mass loss rate of specimens included three stages： initial descent stage, stable stage, and rapid descent stage, respectively. However, the changes of mechanical properties first increased and then decreased. Furthermore, the corrosion products of shotcrete after sulfate attack were observed by using the method of XRD, thermal analysis, and SEM, respectively, and the failure mode of shotcrete turned from ettringite destruction to ettringite-gypsum comprehensive failure. Meanwhile, the contents of ettringite and gypsum increased with increasing dry-wet cycle. Simultaneously, the stratified powders drilled from shotcrete under 150＇s dry-wet cycle were analyzed for the mineral phase composition and thermal analysis. With the drywet cycle increasing, the content of ettringite first increased and then decreased and tended to stable. However, the determination of gypsum decreased gradually and even to 0 when the depth was more than 12 mm.

叶面喷施Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs对娃娃菜NaCl胁迫的缓解效应

【目的】旨在探究纳米氧化铁(Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs)对娃娃菜盐胁迫的缓解效应。【方法】以“皇妃”娃娃菜为试验材料,喷施超纯水为对照,在150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下叶面喷施不同质量浓度Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs(0,25,50,100,200,400,500 mg/L)。【结果】NaCl胁迫通过影响娃娃菜根系生长、叶细胞膜脂过氧化、抗氧化酶活性,以及AsA-GSH循环抑制植株生长。喷施不同质量浓度的Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs均能够促进娃娃菜根系生长,提高叶片谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)及抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性、抗氧化剂GSH含量及GSH/GSSG比值,降低过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-))、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量及相对电导率(REC),有效缓解NaCl胁迫对娃娃菜幼苗生长的抑制作用。500 mg/L的Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs能够显著提高盐胁迫下娃娃菜植株总根长、根体积、根尖数以及根表面积,分别提高55.66%、56.33%、68.49%和57.61%;显著降低叶片中H_(2)O_(2)、O_(2)^(-)、MDA、Pro含量,分别降低48.77%、42.50%、23.68%、47.53%;显著增强GR、DHAR、APX活性,提高GSH含量和GSH/GSSG比值,分别增加16.39%、18.66%、56.64%和35.41%、60.26%。【结论】150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫对娃娃菜幼苗的生长具有明显的负效应,外源喷施不同质量浓度(25~500 mg/L)的Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs均能够有效缓解NaCl胁迫的抑制作用,试验条件下500 mg/L的Fe_(2)O_(3)NPs的缓解效果最优。

Mechanical response of Q_(2)loess stratum surrounding a hydraulic tunnel under dry-wet cycles

Understanding the mechanical response of Q2 loess subjected to dry-wet cycles(DWCs)is the premise for the rational design of a hydraulic tunnel.Taking the Hanjiang-to-Weihe south line project in China as the research background,the microstructure evolution,strength degradation and compression characteristics of Q2 loess under different DWCs were investigated,and the fluid-solid coupling analysis of the hydraulic tunnel was carried out using the FLAC3D software.The amplification effect of tunnel surrounding soil pressure(SSP)and its influence on the long-term stability of the tunnel under different DWCs were obtained.The results showed that the pore microstructure parameters of the undisturbed and remolded loess basically tend to be stable after the number of DWCs exceeds 3.The porosity of Q2 loess is increased by 26%.The internal friction angle and cohesion of Q2 loess are decreased by 35%and 31%,respectively.The vertical strain of Q2 loess is increased by 55%after considering the DWCs.After the DWCs stabilized,the SSP ratio is increased between 10%and 25%.With the increase in buried depth of the tunnel,the SSP ratio is increased by 8%e10%.The SSP is reduced from 8%to 16%by the rise in groundwater level.As the number of DWCs increases and the burial depth of the tunnel decreases,the distribution of SSP becomes progressively more non-uniform.Based on the amplification factor and the modified compressive arch theory,the SSP distribution model of loess tunnel was proposed,which can be preliminarily applied to the design of supporting structures considering DWCs.

外源一氧化氮供体SNP对NaCl胁迫下黑麦草幼苗叶片抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响

采用营养液栽培,研究了外源一氧化氮(NO)供体硝普钠(SNP)对150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下黑麦草幼苗叶片抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(ASA-GSH)循环中抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质及丙二醛(MDA)和H2O2含量的影响。结果表明,正常条件下100μmol/L SNP略微降低了黑麦草幼苗叶片的MDA和H2O2含量,NO信号转导途径关键酶鸟苷酸环化酶(GC)抑制剂亚甲基蓝(MB)促进了MDA和H2O2水平的提高。NaCl胁迫下,SNP显著缓解了MDA和H2O2的积累,提高了抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)活性及还原型抗坏血酸(ASA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,降低脱氢抗坏血酸(DHA)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量,使ASA/DHA和GSH/GSSG提高,却对单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDAR)活性无显著影响;MB逆转了SNP对NaCl胁迫下MDA、H2O2、ASA、GSH、DHA、GSSG含量和APX、GR活性及ASA/DHA和GSH/GSSG的调节作用,对MDAR和DHAR活性无显著影响。由此表明,NO可能通过GC介导参与盐胁迫下黑麦草叶片ASA-GSH循环中APX、GR活性和ASA、GSH含量及ASA/DHA、GSH/GSSH的调节,缓解盐胁迫诱导的氧化伤害,提高植株的耐盐性。

外源GSH对NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗生长及AsA-GSH循环的影响

采用营养液栽培法,研究叶片喷施还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)和谷胱甘肽合成抑制剂(BSO)对NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗植株生长、叶片丙二醛(MDA)和H2O2含量、抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环中抗氧化酶活性及氧化还原水平的影响。结果表明:外源喷施GSH通过显著提高NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗还原力水平和叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、AsA-GSH循环中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DAHR)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)的活性,有效提高了活性氧清除能力,显著缓解了NaCl胁迫对番茄幼苗生长的抑制。外源喷施GSSG虽然降低了GSH/GSSG比值,但由于通过上调了AsA/DHA比值和SOD、AsA-GSH循环关键酶活性,一定程度缓解了NaCl胁迫对番茄幼苗生长的抑制作用。喷施BSO显著降低了NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗叶片的还原力水平和SOD、GR、APX和MDHAR的活性,导致H2O2清除能力降低,从而进一步抑制了NaCl胁迫下番茄幼苗的生长。

外源硒对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗膜脂过氧化和AsA-GSH循环的影响

【目的】研究外源Se（Na2Se O3）对Na Cl（100 mmol/L）胁迫下,对番茄幼苗生长及叶片抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（As A-GSH）循环中、以及抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质及膜脂过氧化的影响。【方法】对Na Cl胁迫下番茄幼苗进行外源施用了0.025、0.05、0.1和0.15 mmol/L 4个不同浓度的硒（Na2Se O3）。【结果】施用0.025、0.05和0.1 mmol/L的硒能不同程度促进Na Cl胁迫下番茄幼苗生长和缓解Na Cl诱导的膜脂过氧化,其中以0.05 mmol/L的硒处理显著降低过氧化氢（H2O2）和丙二醛（MDA）含量,提高抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（MDAR）、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR）的活性和谷胱甘肽（GSH）和抗坏血酸（As A）含量,缓解Na Cl胁迫效果最好。而高浓度的硒（0.15 mmol/L）则加剧了Na Cl胁迫下番茄叶片膜脂过氧化。【结论】一定浓度范围内的硒（0.025~0.1 mmol/L）能缓解Na Cl胁迫对番茄幼苗生长的抑制,增强叶片As A-GSH系统活性氧清除能力,减轻叶片膜脂过氧化。

NaCl胁迫下外源壳聚糖对菜用大豆叶绿体AsA-GSH循环的影响

为探讨壳聚糖对NaCl胁迫下光合作用的调节机制,采用盆栽试验方法研究了外源壳聚糖对NaCl胁迫下菜用大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]叶绿体内AsA-GSH循环的影响。选用菜用大豆主栽品种绿领特早为试验材料,设4个处理:1叶面喷洒清水,根部浇灌营养液(对照);2叶面喷洒壳聚糖溶液,根部浇灌营养液;3叶面喷洒清水,根部浇灌溶有NaCl的营养液;4叶面喷洒壳聚糖溶液,根部浇灌溶有NaCl的营养液。结果表明,外源壳聚糖阻止了NaCl胁迫下菜用大豆干质量的下降,显著降低了叶绿体H_2O_2含量,显著提高了抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和胁迫中期还原型抗坏血酸(AsA)含量。外源壳聚糖对NaCl胁迫下菜用大豆叶绿体内AsA-GSH循环产生了显著促进作用,使AsA-GSH循环保持较强的活性氧清除能力,这可能是其维持较强光合能力,进而减缓干质量下降的重要原因之一。