The purpose of the study is to generate traffic air information system） to determine a proper zone of AQMS （air analyzed were carbon monoxide （CO）, and nitrogen oxides （NOx） pollution map using mathematical mode...The purpose of the study is to generate traffic air information system） to determine a proper zone of AQMS （air analyzed were carbon monoxide （CO）, and nitrogen oxides （NOx） pollution map using mathematical model and GIS （geographic quality monitoring station） in municipality area. The pollutants which can be harmful to people living in the area. The three steps of mapping process were performed under the GIS environment using the existing vehicle emission rates and pollutant dispersion model. First, traffic volume, road network, and the emission rates of road segments varying with types of vehicle were collected from existing data. Second, the pollutant concentrations were calculated by use of CALINE4, a tool with Gaussian dispersion model. The model parameters include emission rate, wind directions and speeds, ambient temperature and observed pollutant concentration, and atmospheric stability during all seasons from the January 1, 2010 to May 31,2011 with regardless the rainy season. This resulted in concentrations at many receptor points along links of the road network. Third, distributions of pollution concentrations were generated by means of the spatial interpolation of those from receptors. The results of pollution raster-based maps are used for determining frequency of violence and combined pollution map. The resulting frequency of violence and intensity concentration will be further integrated to determine a potential area of AQMS. Finally, achieving pollution potential area of AQMS can be located as helpful basic data for efficient traffic and transportation planning.展开更多
The Khao Ya Puk Formation (>400 m thick) is well exposed in the Nakhon Thai Region, and is subdivided into three members. The Khao Ya Puk Formation overlies conformably on top of the anhydrite layer of the upper ro...The Khao Ya Puk Formation (>400 m thick) is well exposed in the Nakhon Thai Region, and is subdivided into three members. The Khao Ya Puk Formation overlies conformably on top of the anhydrite layer of the upper rock salt Maha Sarakham Formation. In turn, it is overlain unconformably by the Phu Khat Formation. The Khao Ya Puk Formation is interpreted to have been deposited by freshwater lake area in arid climate inland subkha in the Late Cretaceous. Lithostatigraphically, Khao Ya Puk Formation can be correlated with the Phu Tok Formation that has been deposited in the Khorat-Ubon basin and Udon-Sakon basin of the Khorat Plateau.展开更多
Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan structural ridge is the 35 km mountain length lying in N-S direction within the Chainat duplex at the Central Thailand. The ridge, which is clearly seen from satellite image in the flat areas ...Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan structural ridge is the 35 km mountain length lying in N-S direction within the Chainat duplex at the Central Thailand. The ridge, which is clearly seen from satellite image in the flat areas of the Central Plain, is composed of Triassic mylonitic granite and Silurian-Devonian metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Satellite image interpretation, geological mapping, field data and microstructure analysis have been integrated for the understanding of structural style of Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan ridge. The rocks within the ridge had been deformed under sinistral ductile shear which was shown by foliations, stretching lineations, S-C fabrics, sigmoid clasts, mineral fish and S-folded both in outcrops and under microscope. The major N-S, minor NNW-SSE striking ridges and foliation planes indicate the paleostress of σ1 in the NW-SE direction. The major sinistral motion of this region probably ended at ~30 Ma. All structural elements and deformation style of Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan ridge relate to the Chainat duplex geometry and Mae Ping fault zone activity during Tertiary.展开更多
文摘The purpose of the study is to generate traffic air information system） to determine a proper zone of AQMS （air analyzed were carbon monoxide （CO）, and nitrogen oxides （NOx） pollution map using mathematical model and GIS （geographic quality monitoring station） in municipality area. The pollutants which can be harmful to people living in the area. The three steps of mapping process were performed under the GIS environment using the existing vehicle emission rates and pollutant dispersion model. First, traffic volume, road network, and the emission rates of road segments varying with types of vehicle were collected from existing data. Second, the pollutant concentrations were calculated by use of CALINE4, a tool with Gaussian dispersion model. The model parameters include emission rate, wind directions and speeds, ambient temperature and observed pollutant concentration, and atmospheric stability during all seasons from the January 1, 2010 to May 31,2011 with regardless the rainy season. This resulted in concentrations at many receptor points along links of the road network. Third, distributions of pollution concentrations were generated by means of the spatial interpolation of those from receptors. The results of pollution raster-based maps are used for determining frequency of violence and combined pollution map. The resulting frequency of violence and intensity concentration will be further integrated to determine a potential area of AQMS. Finally, achieving pollution potential area of AQMS can be located as helpful basic data for efficient traffic and transportation planning.
文摘The Khao Ya Puk Formation (>400 m thick) is well exposed in the Nakhon Thai Region, and is subdivided into three members. The Khao Ya Puk Formation overlies conformably on top of the anhydrite layer of the upper rock salt Maha Sarakham Formation. In turn, it is overlain unconformably by the Phu Khat Formation. The Khao Ya Puk Formation is interpreted to have been deposited by freshwater lake area in arid climate inland subkha in the Late Cretaceous. Lithostatigraphically, Khao Ya Puk Formation can be correlated with the Phu Tok Formation that has been deposited in the Khorat-Ubon basin and Udon-Sakon basin of the Khorat Plateau.
基金funded by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, Chulalongkorn Universityfunded by the Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University
文摘Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan structural ridge is the 35 km mountain length lying in N-S direction within the Chainat duplex at the Central Thailand. The ridge, which is clearly seen from satellite image in the flat areas of the Central Plain, is composed of Triassic mylonitic granite and Silurian-Devonian metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Satellite image interpretation, geological mapping, field data and microstructure analysis have been integrated for the understanding of structural style of Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan ridge. The rocks within the ridge had been deformed under sinistral ductile shear which was shown by foliations, stretching lineations, S-C fabrics, sigmoid clasts, mineral fish and S-folded both in outcrops and under microscope. The major N-S, minor NNW-SSE striking ridges and foliation planes indicate the paleostress of σ1 in the NW-SE direction. The major sinistral motion of this region probably ended at ~30 Ma. All structural elements and deformation style of Uthai Thani-Nakhon Sawan ridge relate to the Chainat duplex geometry and Mae Ping fault zone activity during Tertiary.
