Analysis of the Effect of Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Emergency Treatment of Severe Bronchial Asthma with Respiratory Failure

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV)in patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure.Methods:90 patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure between September 2022 and December 2023 were selected for the study and randomly divided into the experimental group(NIPPV-assisted treatment)and the control group.The differences between the two groups were compared in terms of total effective rate of treatment,days of clinical symptom disappearance,days of hospitalization,lung function indexes,incidence of adverse reactions,and quality of life.Results:Patients in the experimental group had a significantly higher total effective rate of treatment(97.78%)than the control group(75.56%).In terms of pulmonary function indexes,patients in the experimental group showed significant improvement after treatment,especially the increase in forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity,while these improvements were not as obvious in the control group.In addition,the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group,suggesting that the application of NIPPV is relatively safe.Quality of life assessment also showed that patients in the experimental group had significantly better quality of life than the control group after treatment.Conclusion:This study demonstrated the effectiveness of NIPPV as an adjunctive treatment for severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure.NIPPV can improve lung function,reduce the incidence of adverse effects,increase the overall effectiveness of the treatment,and contribute to the improvement of patients'quality of life.Therefore,NIPPV should be regarded as an effective and safe treatment in clinical management,especially in patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure,where its application has potential clinical significance.

Effect of adjuvant noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on blood gas parameters, cardiac function and inflammatory state in patients with COPD and type II respiratory failure

Objective:T o analyze the effect of adjuvant noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on blood gas parameters, cardiac function and inflammatory state in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type II respiratory failure. Methods:90 patients with COPD and type II respiratory failure were randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=45). Control group received conventional therapy, observation group received conventional therapy+adjuvant noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, and differences in blood gas parameters, cardiac function, inflammatory state, etc., were compared between two groups of patients 2 weeks after treatment. Results:Arterial blood gas parameters pH and alveolar-arterial partial pressure of oxygen [P(A-a)O2] levels of observation group were higher than those of control group while, potassium ion (K+), chloride ion (Cl-) and carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP) levels were lower than those of control group 2 weeks after treatment;echocardiography parameters Doppler-derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (DTIS) and pulmonary arterial velocity (PAV) levels were lower than those of control group (P<0.05) while pulmonary artery accelerating time (PAACT), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) and right atrioventricular tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) levels were higher than those of control group (P<0.05);serum cardiac function indexes adiponectin (APN), Copeptin, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cystatin C (CysC), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) content were lower than those of control group (P<0.05);serum inflammatory factors hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), IL-8, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) content were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Adjuvant noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can optimize the blood gas parameters, cardiac function and inflammatory state in patients with COPD and type II respiratory failure, and it is of positive significance in improving the overall treatment outcome.

Clinical Study on Respiratory Medicine Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Respiratory Failure

Objective:To explore the respiratory medicine treatment methods for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)combined with respiratory failure.Methods:70 cases of COPD patients with combined respiratory failure admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,each with 35 cases.The control group received only conventional treatment,and the experimental group received non-invasive positive pressure ventilation,and the treatment effects and changes in the levels of IL-18,hs-CRP,and CES2 inflammatory factors were observed and evaluated in the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference between the general data of the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,the total effective rate of clinical efficacy of the observation group(91.43%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(71.43%),and the difference showed a significant correlation(P<0.05);after treatment,the level of inflammatory factor of the observation group was significantly reduced compared with that of the control group,and the difference showed a highly significant correlation(P<0.001).Conclusion:The non-invasive positive pressure ventilation treatment program significantly improves the therapeutic effect,effectively controls the level of inflammatory factors,and improves the health status of patients when dealing with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease accompanied by respiratory failure,showing a good clinical application prospect.

Efficacy and safety of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery

Background Although noninvasive positive pressure ventilation （NPPV） has been successfully used for various kinds of acute respiratory failure,the data are limited regarding its application in postoperative respiratory failure after cardiac surgery.Therefore,we conducted a prospective randomized control study in a university surgical intensive care unit to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NPPV in the treatment of acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery,and explore the predicting factors of NPPV failure.Methods From September 2011 to November 2012 patients with acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery who had indication for the use of NPPV were randomly divided into a NPPV treatment group （NPPV group） and the conventional treatment group （control group）.The between-group differences in the patients＇ baseline characteristics,re-intubation rate,tracheotomy rate,ventilator associated pneumonia （VAP） incidence,in-hospital mortality,mechanical ventilation time after enrollment （MV time）,intensive care unit （ICU） and postoperative hospital stays were compared.The factors that predict NPPV failure were analyzed.Results During the study period,a total of 139 patients who had acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery were recorded,and 95 of them met the inclusion criteria,which included 59 males and 36 females with a mean age of （61.5±11.2） years.Forty-three patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG）,23 underwent valve surgery,13 underwent CABG＋valve surgery,13 underwent major vascular surgery,and three underwent other surgeries.The NPPV group had 48 patients and the control group had 47 patients.In the NPPV group,the re-intubation rate was 18.8％,tracheotomy rate was 12.5％,VAP incidence was 0,and the in-hospital mortality was 18.8％,significantly lower than in the control group 80.9％,29.8％,17.0％ and 38.3％ respectively,P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01.The MV time and ICU stay （expressed as the median （P25,P75）） were 18.0 （9.2,35.0） hours and 4.0 （2.0,5.0） days,which were significantly shorter than in the control group,96.0 （26.0,240.0） hours and 6.0 （4.0,9.0） days respectively,P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01.The postoperative hospital stays of the two groups were similar.The univariate analysis showed that the NPPV success subgroup had more patients with acute lung injury （ALl） （17 vs.0,P=0.038）,fewer patients with pneumonia （2 vs.7,P ＜0.001） and lower acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ （APACHE Ⅱ） scores （16.1±2.8 vs.21.8±3.2,P ＜0.001）.Multivariate analysis showed that pneumonia （P=-0.027） and a high APACHE Ⅱ score ＞20 （P=-0.002） were the independent risk factors of NPPV failure.Conclusions We conclude that NPPV can be applied in selected patients with acute respiratory failure after cardiac surgery to reduce the need of re-intubation and improve clinical outcome as compared with conventional treatment.Pneumonia and a high APACHE Ⅱ score ＞20 might be the independent risk factors of NPPV failure in this group of patients.

Clinical Analysis of Early Application of Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure ventilation in the Treatment of COPD with Type II Respiratory Failure

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of early application of bi-level positive airway pressure ventilation in the treatment of COPD with type II respiratory failure.Method:A total of 58 patients with COPD and type II respiratory failure admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 29 cases in each group.Among them,the control group was received routine treatment while the observation group was treated with bi-level positive pressure airway ventilation in addition of conventional treatment.The arterial blood gas analysis,mortality rate and hospitalization time of these two groups before and after treatment were compared.Result:The blood pH,partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2)and arterial oxygen saturation(SaO2)of these two groups were significantly higher after the treatment while PaO2 alone was decreased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of arterial blood gas analysis in the observation group were significantly improved compared with those before treatment.The mortality rate and hospitalization time were significantly less than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early clinical application of bi-level positive airway pressure ventilation in the treatment of COPD with type II respiratory failure has a significant clinical effect in reducing the mortality rate and hospitalization time of patients,and thus it is worthy of clinical application.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation in acute pediatric respiratory failure

AIM To characterize the clinical course and outcomes of nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation(NIMV) use in acute pediatric respiratory failure.METHODS We identified all patients treated with NIMV in the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) or inpatient general pediatrics between January 2013 and December 2015 at two academic centers.Patients who utilized NIMV with other modes of noninvasive ventilation during the same admission were included.Data included demographics,vital signs on admission and prior to initiation of NIMV,pediatric risk of mortality Ⅲ(PRIsM-Ⅲ) scores,complications,respiratory support characteristics,PICU and hospital length of stays,duration of respiratory support,and complications.Patients who did not require escalation to mechanical ventilation were defined as NIMV responders;those who required escalation to mechanical ventilation(MV) were defined as NIMV nonresponders.NIMV responders were compared to NIMV non-responders.RESULTS Forty-two patients met study criteria.six(14%) failed treatment and required MV.The majority of the patients(74%) had a primary diagnosis of bronchiolitis.The median age of these 42 patients was 4 mo(range 0.5-28.1 mo,IQR 7,P = 0.69).No significant difference was measured in other baseline demographics and vitals on initiation of NIMV;these included age,temperature,respiratory rate,O2 saturation,heart rate,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and PRIsM-Ⅲ scores.The duration of NIMV was shorter in the NIMV nonresponder vs NIMV responder group(6.5 h vs 65 h,P < 0.0005).Otherwise,NIMV failure was not associated with significant differences in PICU length of stay(LOs),hospital LOs,or total duration of respiratory support.No patients had aspiration pneumonia,pneumothorax,or skin breakdown.CONCLUSION Most of our patients responded to NIMV.NIMV failure is not associated with differences in hospital LOs,PICU LOs,or duration of respiratory support.

Noninvasive Ventilation Interfaces in the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Insufficiency: A Critical Review

Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an important therapeutic modality for the treatment of acute respiratory failure (ARF). In this review, we critically analyze randomized controlled trials on the most used NIV interfaces in the treatments of ARF. Methods: The searches were conducted in the Medline, Lilacs, PubMed, Cochrane, and Pedro databases from June to November 2021. The inclusion criteria were Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published from 2016 to 2021 in Portuguese, Spanish, or English and involving adults (aged ≥ 18 years). The eligibility criteria for article selection were based on the PICO strategy: Population—Adults with ARF;Intervention—NIV Therapy;Comparison—Conventional oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy, or NIV;Outcome—improvement in ARF. The search for articles and the implementation of the inclusion criteria were independently conducted by two researchers. Results: Seven scientific articles involving 574 adults with ARF due to various causes, such as chest trauma, decompensated heart failure, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and postoperative period, among others, were included. The interfaces cited in the studies included an oronasal mask, nasal mask, full-face mask, and helmet. In addition, some favorable outcomes related to NIV were reported in the studies, such as a reduction in the rate of orotracheal intubation and shorter length of stay in the ICU. Conclusions: The most cited interfaces in the treatment of ARF were the oronasal mask and the helmet.

人文关怀护理对呼吸衰竭正压通气患者康复情况、负性情绪和并发症的影响

目的探讨人文关怀护理对呼吸衰竭正压通气患者康复情况、负性情绪和并发症的影响。方法将78例呼吸衰竭患者随机分为两组,对照组正压通气治疗期间应用常规护理,观察组应用人文关怀护理。比较两组的治疗时间、住院时间、负性情绪及并发症发生率。结果观察组正压通气治疗时间与住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为7.69%,低于对照组的25.64%(P<0.05)。结论人文关怀护理在呼吸衰竭患者正压通气治疗中的应用效果较好,可缩短患者的治疗时间,提高其康复速度,改善患者的负性情绪,降低相关并发症发生风险。

经鼻高流量氧疗对比无创正压通气在急性心力衰竭伴Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者中的应用价值

目的研究经鼻高流量氧疗(high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy,HFNC)对比无创正压通气(noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,NPPV)在急性心力衰竭(acute heart failure,AHF)伴Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者的治疗效果。方法选择2022年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学宣武医院急诊科收治的94例AHF伴Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者,随机分为观察组48例和对照组46例。两组患者均给予常规扩血管、利尿等治疗,对照组给予NPPV治疗,观察组给予HFNC治疗,分别比较两组患者治疗前、治疗24 h后的呼吸频率、心率、血清N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)、动脉氧分压(PaO_(2))和动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))的变化情况及2组比较的区别,应用调查问卷评估两组患者治疗舒适度的区别。随访28 d,分别比较两组患者治疗后误吸、胃胀气等并发症发生率、气管插管率及病死率。结果观察组与对照组治疗后的呼吸频率、心率和NT-proBNP较前明显降低(P均<0.05),PaO_(2)较前升高(P均<0.05),PaCO_(2)较前升高(P<0.05),但仍在正常范围内;观察组治疗后呼吸频率是(23.77±2.36)次/min、心率为(89.17±5.80)次/min、NT-proBNP为[13631.00(9997.25,16328.00)]pg/ml、PaO_(2)为(66.87±2.78)mmHg和PaCO_(2)为(37.06±2.56)mmHg,与对照组的(23.33±2.81)次/min、(87.69±5.02)次/min、[12517.00(9836.75,17742.00)]pg/ml、(67.74±2.67)mmHg和(37.07±1.93)mm Hg比较无统计学差别(均P>0.05);调查问卷显示,观察组舒适度评分大于对照组[(3.35±0.69)分比(2.76±0.77)分,P=0.001],并发症发生率小于对照组(10.41%比28.26%,P=0.028),两组患者气管插管率(12.50%比10.86%)和病死率(10.41%比8.69%)比较无统计学差别(P>0.05)。结论HFNC和NPPV在AHF伴Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者中应用均具有较好的治疗效果,但HFNC并发症较较少,患者舒适程度更高。

Effectiveness and safety of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation for severe hypercapnic encephalopathy due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:a prospective case-control study

Background Although severe encephalopathy has been proposed as a possible contraindication to the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation （NPPV）, increasing clinical reports showed it was effective in patients with impaired consciousness and even coma secondary to acute respiratory failure, especially hypercapnic acute respiratory failure （HARF）. To further evaluate the effectiveness and safety of NPPV for severe hypercapnic encephalopathy, a prospective case-control study was conducted at a university respiratory intensive care unit （RICU） in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （AECOPD） during the past 3 years. Methods Forty-three of 68 consecutive AECOPD patients requiring ventilatory support for HARF were divided into 2 groups, which were carefully matched for age, sex, COPD course, tobacco use and previous hospitalization history, according to the severity of encephalopathy, 22 patients with Glasgow coma scale （GCS） 〈10 served as group A and 21 with GCS 〉10 as group B. Results Compared with group B, group A had a higher level of baseline arterial partial CO2 pressure （（102±27） mmHg vs （74±17） mmHg, P〈0.01）, lower levels of GCS （7.5±1.9 vs 12.2±1.8, P〈0.01）, arterial pH value （7.18±0.06 vs 7.28±0.07, P〈0.01） and partial 02 pressure/fraction of inspired 02 ratio （168±39 vs 189±33, P〈0.05）. The NPPV success rate and hospital mortality were 73% （16/22） and 14% （3/22） respectively in group A, which were comparable to those in group B （68% （15/21） and 14% （3/21） respectively, all P〉0.05）, but group A needed an average of 7 cmH20 higher of maximal pressure support during NPPV, and 4, 4 and 7 days longer of NPPV time, RICU stay and hospital stay respectively than group B （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. NPPV therapy failed in 12 patients （6 in each group） because of excessive airway secretions （7 patients）, hemodynamic instability （2）, worsening of dyspnea and deterioration of gas exchange （2）, and gastric content aspiration （1）. Conclusions Selected patients with severe hypercapnic encephalopathy secondary to HARF can be treated as effectively and safely with NPPV as awake patients with HARF due to AECOPD; a trial of NPPV should be instituted to reduce the need of endotracheal intubation in patients with severe hypercapnic encephalopathy who are otherwise good candidates for NPPV due to AECOPD.

HFNC与NIPPV对AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效观察

目的探讨经鼻高流量氧疗(high-flow nasal cannula,HFNC)与无创正压通气(non-invasive positive pressure ventilation,NIPPV)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院重症医学科AECOPD患者146例,根据治疗方法不同分为NIPPV组(n=47)、HFNC组(n=49)和常规治疗组(n=50)。NIPPV组采用NIPPV治疗,HFNC组采用HFNC治疗,常规治疗组采用常规氧疗和抗感染治疗。比较3组循环指标、血气指标、呼吸支持时间、气道护理次数及舒适(general comfort questionnaire,GCQ)评分。结果146例患者中男76例、女70例,年龄56~77岁,平均(66.2±5.3)岁。与治疗前相比,治疗2 h和治疗24 h时,3组呼吸频率(respiratory rate,RR)和HR较低;治疗6 h和治疗24 h时,HFNC组RR、HR均低于NIPPV组和常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗7 d后3组PaO_(2)均升高、PaCO_(2)均降低;治疗7 d后,与NIPPV组和常规组相比,HFNC组PaO_(2)较高、PaCO_(2)较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组呼吸支持时间和气道护理次数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中NIPPV组呼吸支持时间较短,HFNC组气道护理次数较少。结论HFNC可以改善AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼衰患者的部分循环指标和血气指标,患者舒适度更好,但呼吸支持时间较长。

术后无创呼吸支持的研究进展

术后肺部并发症(PPCs)是指术后发生的呼吸系统并发症,主要包括呼吸道感染、呼吸衰竭、胸腔积液、肺不张、气胸、支气管痉挛及吸入性肺炎等。PPCs的发生与患者自身、手术和麻醉等因素密切相关,影响患者围术期康复及预后。无创呼吸支持(NRS)包括常规氧气疗法(COT)、无创正压通气(NPPV)、经鼻高流量(HFNC)氧疗等,通过改善肺部呼吸力学和满足氧气需求减少肺部并发症的发生。目前NRS已在重症监护病房(ICU)广泛应用,但其术后应用尚无共识。本文就近年来术后NRS应用的研究进展进行综述,包括NRS的模式、NRS在不同类型手术的应用和NRS在不同类型患者的应用等内容,为促进术后康复提供参考。

无创正压机械通气治疗AECOPD合并呼吸衰竭的效果

目的对比慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)合并呼吸衰竭(respiratory failure,RF)患者应用无创正压机械通气(noninvasive positive pressure ventilation,NPPV)与常规对症治疗在治疗效果之间的差异及2种治疗方式对血气指标、肺相关功能的影响。方法回顾性分析东台市人民医院2021年1月—2023年6月收治的82例AECOPD合并RF患者。按照治疗方法的差异分为常规组、NPPV组,各41例。对比2组患者肺功能情况、血气指标、生命体征指标、临床疗效和不良反应发生情况。结果NPPV组治疗后用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in the first second,FEV_(1))、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的比例(forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity,FEV_(1)/FVC)、动脉血氧分压(partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood,PaO_(2))高于常规组,而动脉血二氧化碳分压(partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood,PaCO_(2))低于常规组(P<0.05);NPPV组治疗后的呼吸频率、心率、平均动脉压均低于常规组(P<0.05);NPPV组总有效率为95.12%,高于常规组的73.17%(P<0.05);NPPV组不良反应总发生率为7.32%,低于常规组的26.83%(P<0.05)。结论NPPV治疗能够让AECOPD合并RF患者的肺功能得以提高,临床治疗效果较好,改善其血氧方面的指标及预后。

“无创正压通气+呼吸机氧疗交替模式”在老年重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中应用临床疗效研究

目的探讨“无创正压通气+呼吸机氧疗交替模式”在老年重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取自2022年11月至2023年10月解放军总医院第八医学中心收治的112例老年重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组(n=53)与B组(n=59),A组实施持续无创正压通气治疗,B组实施“无创正压通气+呼吸机氧疗交替模式”,比较两组患者治疗前及治疗后2、24、48 h的心率、呼吸频率、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉搏血氧饱和度、动脉血气分析结果,以及无创正压通气治疗舒适度和面部损伤、进食困难、腹胀、排痰困难等发生率。结果治疗后24、48 h,B组患者的舒适度评分均明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2 h,B组患者心率、MAP均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2 h,B组患者pH高于A组,二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后24 h,A组患者氧分压(PaO_(2))高于B组,PaCO_(2)低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,B组面部皮肤损伤、进食困难、腹胀、自主排痰困难等并发症的发生率均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论“无创正压通气+呼吸机氧疗交替模式”应用于老年重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者,可达到与持续无创正压通气相同的氧疗效果,同时,可提高患者舒适度,降低无创正压通气相关并发症的发生率。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭患者无创通气中右美托咪定不同目标镇静深度效果观察

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)并发呼吸衰竭接受无创正压通气(NIPPV)患者采用右美托咪定镇静不同镇静深度的效果。方法选取2021年8月~2023年3月上海市宝山区罗店医院收治的AECOPD并发呼吸衰竭患者136例,其中对照组40例给予常规药物及NIPPV治疗;镇静A组48例给予盐酸右美托咪定微量泵静脉泵入,以Ramsay镇静评分2~3分为目标调整剂量;镇静B组48例盐酸右美托咪定以Ramsay镇静评分3~4分为目标调整剂量。比较3组患者治疗前、治疗后24 h的心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、平均动脉压(MAP)及动脉血气指标;比较3组患者NIPPV开始后24 h内上机时间、痰液量、右美托咪定用量;比较3组患者插管、谵妄、心血管不良事件发生情况。结果治疗后,3组患者RR、MAP、HR、氧分压(PaO_(2))、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))均较治疗前有明显改善,镇静A组、B组上述指标改善优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);镇静B组HR低于镇静A组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。镇静A组、B组上机时间长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);镇静B组右美托咪定用量高于镇静A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组痰液量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组气管插管率、谵妄发生率均高于镇静A组、B组,镇静B组心血管不良事件发生率高于对照组和镇静A组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论AECOPD患者无创通气时采用右美托咪镇静可明显改善患者依从性,降低气管插管率,减少谵妄,以Ramsay镇静评分2~3为目标调整剂量可降低心血管不良事件发生率。

头孢呋辛钠联合无创正压通气治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效观察

目的:探讨头孢呋辛钠联合无创正压通气(NIPPV)治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效。方法:将100例COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者随机分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=50),对照组单用NIPPV治疗,观察组联合头孢呋辛钠。对比2组动脉血气指标、肺功能指标、临床治疗有效率和不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,与对照组相比,观察组A-aDO_(2)、pH、PaO_(2)较高,OI、PaCO_(2)较低;FEV1/FVC和FEV1%pred较高。观察组总有效率高于对照组(96.0%vs 72.0%),不良反应发生率低于对照组(2.0%vs 18.0%),差异均有统计学意义。结论:头孢呋辛钠联合NIPPV治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭,可有效改进患者临床症状,提升治疗效果,减少不良反应发生。

布地奈德福莫特罗联合无创正压通气治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭患者的效果

目的:观察布地奈德福莫特罗联合无创正压通气治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者的效果。方法:选取2022年1月至2023年1月该院收治的100例老年COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各50例。两组均予以常规治疗,在此基础上,对照组予以无创正压通气治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合布地奈德福莫特罗治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后血气分析指标[动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数(OI)]水平、肺功能指标[呼吸频率、用力肺活量(FVC)、呼气流量峰值(PEF)]水平、炎性指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-33(IL-33)]水平,以及不良反应发生率和再入院率。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为94.00%(47/50),高于对照组的78.00%(39/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组PaO_(2)、OI、FVC、PEF水平均高于对照组,PaCO_(2)水平、呼吸频率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组CRP、IL-6、IL-33水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组再入院率为4.00%(2/50),低于对照组的16.00%(8/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:布地奈德福莫特罗联合无创正压通气治疗老年COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者可提高治疗总有效率,改善血气分析指标和肺功能指标水平,降低炎性指标水平和再入院率,效果优于单纯无创正压通气治疗。

双水平气道正压通气联合纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗重症肺炎伴呼吸衰竭的疗效分析

目的探究双水平气道正压通气联合纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗对重症肺炎伴呼吸衰竭患者的治疗效果。方法选取2019年1月—2023年6月于泰州市姜堰中医院治疗的60例重症肺炎伴呼吸衰竭患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,按其治疗方案不同分为两组。对照组(30例)实行纤支镜肺泡灌洗+常规通气治疗,观察组(30例)实行双水平气道正压通气+纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗。比较两组治疗前后的炎性指标及并发症情况。结果观察组与对照组治疗后的炎性指标低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的并发症总发生率为6.67%,低于对照组的33.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.667,P=0.010)。结论双水平气道正压通气与纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗法可以有效改善重症肺炎伴呼吸衰竭患者的炎症程度,降低并发症发生率。

加味清气化痰汤配合无创正压通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭临床研究

目的:观察对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭患者以加味清气化痰汤配合无创正压通气治疗的临床效果。方法:将130例COPD急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭患者以随机简单化法分为治疗组与对照组,各65例。对照组以无创正压通气治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合加味清气化痰汤治疗。治疗14 d后评估2组临床疗效,并比较2组治疗前后肺功能、动脉血气指标、血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)水平。结果:治疗后,治疗组总有效率96.92%,高于对照组87.69%(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、FEV_(1)占预计值的百分比(FEV_(1)%)均升高(P<0.05),且治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组动脉血pH值、血氧分压(PaO_(2))均升高(P<0.05),二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))均降低(P<0.05),且治疗组PaO_(2)高于对照组(P<0.05),PaCO_(2)低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组MCP-1、sTREM-1水平均降低(P<0.05),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:针对COPD急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭患者采用加味清气化痰汤配合无创正压通气治疗效果显著,可改善患者肺功能、动脉血气指标,减轻炎性反应。

BiPAP无创呼吸机联合噻托溴铵对AECOPD伴呼吸衰竭患者呼吸强度及肺功能的影响

目的:探究双水平气道正压通气(BiPAP)无创呼吸机联合噻托溴铵对急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(AECOPD)伴呼吸衰竭(呼衰)患者呼吸强度及肺功能的影响。方法:选取2020年10月—2022年9月瑞金市人民医院急诊科收治的AECOPD伴呼衰患者68例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各34例。对照组予以单独Bi PAP无创呼吸机治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用噻托溴铵,均治疗10 d。评价两组的治疗效果及不良反应发生情况,比较两组治疗前、治疗10 d后血气、呼吸动力学及肺功能指标。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(88.24%vs 67.65%)(P<0.05)。治疗10 d后,观察组动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指标(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、吸气峰值压(PIP)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、最高呼气流速(PEF)及最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)均高于对照组,其动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、平台压(Pplat)、平均气道压(MPaw)及气道阻力(Raw)均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组和观察组不良反应发生率分别为5.88%和11.76%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:BiPAP无创呼吸机联合噻托溴铵治疗可有效改善AECOPD伴呼衰患者呼吸强度,且能够改善患者肺功能,调节血氧水平,有效且安全。