Fish Assemblage and Abundance Distribution in Nanji Islands Marine Nature Reserve in Relation to Season Change

The fishing survey station located in the warm waters of the East China Sea is one of the abundant fishery resources of waters;with a large number of economic fish breeding grounds and economic juvenile feeding grounds. Several fish species according to this bottom trawl survey results which appear in the annual survey from winter to autumn give us a total of 58 species, which have appeared throughout the year. But the vast majority of species appears only in certain seasons, according to the sea fish survey and based on seasonal migratory species or species mainly small endemic species. The survey of fish is tropical and subtropical warm water species and warm temperate species, and the history of the area has several types of 397 different species. There are many reasons, in addition to recent years, human disturbance and adverse consequences of environmental changes brought about, but also with the relevant sampling methods and sampler time, the survey sampled only trawl based, from Ping yang Ocean and Fisheries Bureau, the waters are still other jobs method net, gill nets, fishing industry, etc. Survey results show that the type of fish in the summer (58 species) > spring (55 species) > winter (51 species) > autumn (42 species). The type of season was among spring to summer rose, summer to autumn decline. The survey found that in the reef area of the Nanji Islands, no one species of fish is the dominant species throughout the year (according to the dominant species, each species is dominant only in one season). From the dominant species turnover accounting for the four seasons, in winter it has 53.72% of the total biomass or annual biomass, spring it has 41.53% of the overall biomass, summer it has 31.85% and autumn it has 38.56% of total biomass. Visible, seasonal succession of dominant species of fish phenomenon is very obvious, especially in the spring and winter, summer transfers dominate species at this stage show the greatest change, but winter, the transfer of this dominant species changes in minimal. Seasonal changes from biomass and the average annual marine fish survey biomass were 4832.25 g/h. From different seasons, the average biomass in winter (10779.88 g/h) > of the average biomass in spring (3624.1 g/hour) > of the mean biomass in autumn (3158 g/h) > the average Biomass in summer (1767 g/h). All of them show significant seasonal variation of the biomass, in winter and spring, the biomass is generally not high, but significantly higher than in the summer and autumn seasons. Each season, around the coast of southern Zhejiang, is less than the biomass and other catches off, which involves investigating sea location, size range, and the survey ship different network related tools. Another change from the area of biomass, some studies found that the survey of four-season fish of waters above the biological capacity of several kilograms only in some stations, namely stations and the highest biomass in summer appeared in stations 3, 7 and 11. In autumn the highest biomass appeared in stations 3, 6, 20 and 23.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Pleurosira nanjiensis sp. nov., a new marine benthic diatom from the Nanji Islands, China

A new marine benthic diatom, Pleurosira nanjiensis sp. nov., is described from the rocky intertidal zone of the Xiaochaiyu Island of the Nanji Islands in China. Its morphology was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular phylogeny was reconstructed based on SSU rRNA and rbcL gene sequences. Pleurosira nanjiensis differs from congeners in possession of a combination of morphological features including the domed valve with broadly lanceolate, elliptical or circular valve outline, two elevated marginal ocelli, two （rarely three） rimportulae, and radiate striae.

Dinophysis caudata generated lipophilic shellfish toxins in bivalves from the Nanji Islands, East China Sea

A 12-month program of monitoring potentially toxic microalgae(that produce lipophilic shellfi sh toxins; LSTs) and their toxins in bivalves was conducted from April 2006 to March 2007 in the Nanji Islands, East China Sea. Two Dinophysis species, D. caudata and D. acuminata, were identifi ed, and D. caudat a was found to be the dominant species. D. caudata was detected in water samples between April and June 2006, and between February and March 2007. It reached its highest abundances in May, with a mean abundance of 1.38×10 2 cells/L in surface water and 1.25×10 2 cells/L in bottom water(<10 m deep). The temporal distribution of D. caudata was associated with the occurrence of LSTs in bivalve samples, which mostly occurred at the same time as D. caudata blooms, between April and July 2006. All of the cultured bivalves sampled between April and June were contaminated with LSTs, with an average toxicity of 85 μg okadaic acid(OA) eq./100 g meat, which was four times higher than the Chinese regulatory limit(20 μg OA eq./100 g meat). Ten out of fi fteen wild samples(66.7%) collected during the same period were positive for LSTs, and contained an average LST toxicity of 45 μg OA eq./100 g meat(more than twice the regulatory value). Cultured Patinopecten yessoensis collected on 15 May 2006 had the highest toxicity, 320 μg OA eq./100 g meat, and relatively high toxicities(80 to 160 μg OA eq./100 g meat) were found in bivalves until the end of July.

Screening of marine fungus from Nanji Island and activity of their metabolites against pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea

Seventy-eight marine fungal strains were isolated from sediment samples collected off the coast of Nanji Island, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Antibacterial screening using the agar disc method showed that 19 of the isolated strains could inhibit at least one pathogenic Vibrio from Pseudosciaena crocea. Subsequent screening confirmed that nine strains produced antibacterial metabolites that had activity against one or several types of pathogenic Vibrio. Strain NJ0104 had the widest antimicrobial spectrum and strong activity, particularly against Fibrio parahaemolyticus-MM0810072. A preliminary study of N J0104 antibacterial metabolites demonstrated that they had thermal stability up to 80℃, ultraviolet stability up to 40 min and pH stability between 4.0-7.0. In addition, the antibacterial metabolites were readily soluble in butanol. To identify the specific strain, the ITS-5.8S rDNA regions of NJ0104 were PCR amplified and sequenced. Based on the combination of phenotypic and genotypic data, the strain was identified as Arthrinium sp.

Community Structure of Fish in Nanji Islands National Nature Reserve and Its Relationship with Environmental Variation

Community structure of fish in relation to environmental variation was investigated in Nanji Islands National Nature Reserve (NINNR). In order to test this relationship, we delineated 25 survey stations with bottom trawling and measured environmental variables. Samples were taken from November 2013 (autumn), February 2014 (winter), May 2014 (spring) and September 2014 (summer). We found a very strong correlation in space and time between temperature and salinity;abundance and biomass in winter;depth and DO in summer then a strong correlation was found respectively between temperature and biomass;salinity and biomass in winter too and finally a moderate correlation between depth and biomass in spring, (P-value < 0.01) with positive correlation (that the other variable or factor has a tendency to increase). We also found out a negative correlation (P-value < 0.05), respectively between salinity and DO;DO and chlorophyll in summer;temperature and salinity;salinity and DO in spring period (mean that the other variable or factor has a tendency to decrease). A negative correlation observed between temperature, salinity and chlorophyll in winter, spring and autumn period were due by a temperature and salinity window open for species blooms through the movement of the TWC and Jiangzhe coastal current close to shore. By comparing diversity of fish species with environmental factors, the community structure of fish varied significantly as physicochemical parameters changed between different stations for each season. As results and according to the species referencing of environmental factors;species diversity, abundance and evenness vary among different stations, corresponding to significant differences of environmental factors (e.g. physicochemical parameters and chlorophyll-a concentration in different sites). Species richness of microfauna was negatively correlated with salinity levels. Furthermore, they were related to the fish community according to the results. This may be due to the fish community’s adaptability in these different variations of environmental factors, but only tolerant members remaining.

The impact of biotic and abiotic factors on the distribution of surface sediment dinoflagellate cyst assemblages on the Nanji Island in the East China Sea

The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages on the Nanji Island in the East China Sea, are documented at the first time to construct a quantitative overview of the cyst bank from 2014 to 2015. Thirty-four morphotypes from six groups are identified and quantified at eight sampling sites around the island, including a high proportion of potentially toxigenic species(14%). Autotrophic dinocysts constitute 74% of the total cyst counts, which is relatively low(two to thirty-three per millilitre sediment) compared with previous studies in adjacent areas. Scrippsiella trochoidea and Protoperidinium avellana are the most abundant autotrophic and heterotrophic species, respectively. A multivariate analysis is performed to assess associations between dinocysts and abiotic or biotic variables.Differentiation among seasons is evident in the detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) ordination plot, while a spatial pattern is not clearly revealed despite heterogeneity of the hydrodynamic conditions between sampling sites. Soluble reactive phosphate, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus concentrations and Karenia mikimotoi bloom are the three factors significantly(P<0.05) related to surface sediment cyst assemblage defined by the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA), highlighting the importance of nutrient regime to a dinocyst distribution in this area. Although attempts to address the origin of HAB events in recent years using seed banks have failed, knowledge can be valuable for further investigation of dinocyst dynamics and potential toxin threats on the Nanji Island.

南麂列岛附近海域贝类生物资源的分布及群落结构分析

为了解南麂列岛附近海域底栖贝类群落特征及分布情况,于2022年10月(秋季)、2023年3月(春季)对南麂列岛周围海域进行底栖贝类的拖网调查。结果表明:共捕获底栖贝类49种,隶属2纲6目17科,春季底栖贝类平均丰度为(2 429±2 038)ind./Agt,平均生物量为(4 849.79±2 513.84)g/Agt;秋季底栖贝类平均丰度为(1 149±1 589)ind./Agt,平均生物量为(4 985.30±2 159.23)g/Agt,主要优势种为棒锥螺Turritella bacillum、浅缝骨螺Murex trapa、结蚶Tegillarca nodifera、杰氏裁判螺Inquisitor jeffreysii、习见赤蛙螺Bufonaria rana、中华衲螺Cancellaria sinensis、白带三角口螺Trigonaphera bocageana,其中棒锥螺是春季和秋季共有优势种,且优势度均远高于其他种;该海域贝类群落优势种较稳定,群落的功能和性质由少数种类控制。本研究为南麂列岛海洋生态系统动态变化过程提供参考依据,为海洋生态环境保护提供基础资料。

南麂列岛野生药用植物区系与资源多样性

目的:了解南麂列岛野生药用植物资源的多样性现状,为其野生药用植物资源的保护和利用提供参考依据。方法:通过实地考察及相关资料的收集整理确定南麂列岛野生药用植物名录,应用R/T值、主成分分析和分层聚类分析法对南麂列岛野生药用植物区系的过渡性及其与相邻地区药用植物区系谱的关系进行定量分析,并进行野生药用植物药用部位、药味、药用功能分析。结果:南麂列岛共有野生药用维管植物89科275属382种,被子植物占绝对优势;优势科以菊科、禾本科、豆科为主;生活型以多年生草本药用植物为主;区系性质具有明显热带性质(R/T=1.61),主要以泛热带成分为主,北温带成分为辅,表现出一定的过渡性质。同时,主成分分析和聚类分析的结果显示,南麂列岛与同为海岛的花鸟岛药用植物区系较为相似,推测与海岛所处的地理位置以及较为强烈的人为干扰有关。野生药用植物药用部位全株、根及叶的占比较大,分别占总种数的63.35%、31.41%、26.96%。苦味的野生药用植物是总种数的59.95%,占比最高。野生药用植物药用功能解毒杀虫止痒类占比最大,为总种数的21.32%。结论:南麂列岛野生药用植物资源种类组成丰富,优势类群明显,具有极高的开发利用价值,加强优势物种的培育和重点类群的保护,限制外来入侵植物的影响,对南麂列岛野生药用植物资源的合理开发和有效保护具有重要意义。

南麂列岛海洋牧场建设管理现状、问题及对策

南麂列岛是我国首批建立的国家级海洋自然保护区和第一个加入联合国教科文组织世界生物圈保护区的海洋类型自然保护区,也是全国首批科技兴海示范基地和第二批国家级海洋牧场示范区。建设海洋牧场是保护区长期努力的社区经济发展方向,已成为保护与开发协调发展的一种重要模式。文章分析了南麂列岛海洋牧场建设管理现状,指出当前存在的主要问题及其成因,并从保护先导、产业融合、科技创新、政策扶持等角度提出若干对策建议,可为有关部门和其他类似地区发展海洋牧场提供参考借鉴。

南麂列岛潮间带底栖生物时空分布及其对人类活动的响应

于2006年11月和2007年4月对南麂列岛8条潮间带断面开展了底栖生物调查。结果表明,共鉴定出底栖生物191种,其中软体动物84种,藻类46种,多毛类23种,甲壳动物28种,棘皮动物5种,其它动物5种。从季节来看,春季航次物种数、平均生物量和平均栖息密度(分别为164种、8890.76g/m2、3436ind/m2)明显多于秋季航次(121种、3642.10g/m2、1657ind/m2);而从不同底质来看,平均物种数、平均生物量和平均栖息密度岩礁断面(分别为54种、8318.78g/m2、3354ind/m2)都明显高于泥质(27种、154.46g/m2、185ind/m2)和沙质断面(8种、64.30g/m2、66ind/m2)。从垂直分布来看,南麂列岛潮间带底栖生物分带明显,平均生物量中潮区(7278.41g/m2)大于低潮区(6684.14g/m2)大于高潮区(4836.77g/m2),平均栖息密度为中潮区(3386ind/m2)大于高潮区(2908ind/m2)大于低潮区(1347ind/m2)各断面的生物多样性指数变化范围为0.97-3.10,种丰富度指数为0.54-4.91,均匀度指数为0.48-0.90,辛普森优势度指数为0.52-0.94。最后通过分析发现,底栖生物的分布特征受栖息的环境、季节的变化以及人类活动等不同程度综合因素的影响,这些因素不仅影响底栖生物生物量和栖息密度时空分布,而且改变了群落的结构特征。

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区浮游动物的物种组成及其多样性

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区是我国首批五个海洋类自然保护区之一。作者根据2004年5月至2005年2月南麂列岛海域的4个季节的调查数据,分析了该区域浮游动物的种类组成、优势种类、生态类群与物种多样性等特征参数的季节变化。调查结果表明,共鉴定出浮游动物69种,隶属于6门12个类群,其中桡足类最多,占39.1%;可划分为5种生态类群,暖水性广布类群和暖温带近海类群为两种主要生态类群;出现优势种类15种,主要有中华哲水蚤(Calanussinicus)、精致真刺水蚤(Euchaetaconcinna)和肥胖箭虫(Sagittaenflata)等。多样性分析显示,除冬季外,其他三个季节Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)值均大于2,且秋季最高,达3.29。相关性分析表明,种类数与水温的正相关性非常显著。与1990年调查结果相比,春季和秋季种类类群及种类数有所减少,这与调查时水温变化有关。研究分析认为,种类组成的季节变化主要受到江浙沿岸流和台湾暖流的影响。

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区浮游植物的种类多样性及其生态分布

于2006年5月至2007年2月之间,对南麂列岛海域的浮游植物类群进行了4个季节的调查,分析了该海域浮游植物的种类组成、优势种类、群落结构以及水平分布等特征参数的季节变化。共鉴定浮游植物80种,隶属于4个门,硅藻种类最多,甲藻其次。浮游植物可划分为3个生态类群,以广温类群为主。春季和夏季分别以三角棘原甲藻和中肋骨条藻为绝对优势种,秋冬季的优势种类组成多样化。共鉴定57种赤潮生物,占浮游植物种类数的71.25%。调查期间,三角棘原甲藻和中肋骨条藻分别于春季和夏季形成赤潮。浮游植物的物种丰富度呈现春、夏、秋、冬递减的趋势。浮游植物细胞丰度的年平均值为1.03×106cells/L,春夏季显著高于秋冬季。春季和夏季时,浮游植物高值区集中在南麂岛西北近岸海域;秋季和冬季时,浮游植物高值区相对集中在南麂岛东南近岸海域。浮游植物群落的多样性指数(H')以秋季最高,冬季最低。春季的三角棘原甲藻赤潮期间,水体中N/P值显著升高;夏季的中肋骨条藻赤潮期间,水体中N/P值显著降低。

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区虾类群落结构及其多样性

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区是国务院批准建立的我国首批5个国家级海洋自然保护区之一,素以海洋生物,特别是贝藻类生物资源丰富、种类繁多而著称,俗称"贝藻王国",也是众多渔业资源繁殖、索饵、生长的良好场所。本文根据2013年11月、2014年2、5、9月在南麂列岛海洋自然保护区开展渔业资源底拖网调查所获得的虾类资料,对南麂列岛海洋自然保护区的虾类种类组成、优势种、物种数量空间分布及多样性、相似性等群落结构特征的影响因素进行了研究。结果得知,调查海域共鉴定出虾类种类25种,隶属于9科17属,不同季节优势种更替较显著,虾类种数各季节间变化较为稳定,岛礁区的虾类种类数高于沿岸区,夏季多样性低于其他季节,虾类种类数和多样性指数平面分布相似,地形、水深和水系等环境因素对虾类群落结构影响较大;分布在南麂列岛调查海域的虾类以季节性的广温广盐性种类为主,虾类一般生活在有利于索饵、成长的泥沙底质沿岸区,夏季受台湾暖流、食物链中的鱼类捕食关系影响,其生物多样性较低,虾类多样性分布随水深变化明显,这可能主要是由于调查海域的主要优势种虾类活动范围与水深有关。

南麂列岛海洋自然保护区的虾类种类组成和数量分布

根据2013年11月、2014年2月、5月、9月在南麂列岛海洋自然保护区开展渔业资源调查所获得的虾类调查资料,将生物量作为虾类资源分布的数量指标,对南麂列岛海洋自然保护区的虾类种类组成、数量分布、优势种变化,及其与环境因子的关系等进行了研究。结果如下:(1)调查海域共鉴定出虾类25种,隶属于9科17属,虾类生物量各季节由高到低依次为夏季(32358.0 g)、秋季(13033.0 g)、冬季(3938.6 g)、春季(3635.6 g);(2)虾类数量分布季节变化明显,且岛礁区偏外的开阔海域虾类生物量比较高;(3)不同季节优势种更替较显著,春季优势种为日本鼓虾、鲜明鼓虾和细巧仿对虾,夏季优势种为哈氏仿对虾和中华管鞭虾,秋季优势种为中华管鞭虾、细巧仿对虾和哈氏仿对虾,冬季的优势种为细巧仿对虾、脊尾白虾、鲜明鼓虾和日本鼓虾;(4)水深对虾类生物量分布影响明显,各季节虾类生物量与环境因子相关性关系变化较大。结论认为,南麂列岛调查海域的虾类种类以季节性的广温广盐性种类为主;主要优势种生物量夏秋两季明显高于冬春两季,可能是因为大量虾类冬春季离开该海域去其他海域越冬繁殖,而到了夏秋季则回到该海域产卵、育肥和栖息;在夏、秋、冬季沿岸区虾类生物量高于岩礁区,可能因为虾类一般生活于有利于索饵、成长的泥沙底质沿岸区;优势种更替显著与主要优势种生长周期与虾类个体大小特征有关;南麂列岛海域虾类生物量与环境因子关系复杂与该海域多变的温度盐度、复杂区系特点有关;虾类生物量分布随水深变化分布明显,这主要是由于调查海域主要优势种虾类活动范围与水深有关。

南麂列岛自然保护区海域红色裸甲藻赤潮及其成因分析

2002年9月16～19日南麂列岛海域发生3km2 红褐色赤潮 ,其原因种为红色裸甲藻(GymnodiniumsanguineumHirasaka) ,密度高达4.6×105 个/L。赤潮发生时伴随细菌的大量繁殖 ,江浙沿岸流所携带的营养物质是本次赤潮发生的基础 ,森拉克台风是本次赤潮的重要诱因。南麂海域的赤潮多发季节为4～5月份 ,9～11月份发生赤潮的可能性也较大 ,大沙岙、马祖岙和火岙等水体交换相对较弱的岙口为赤潮多发区。为保护南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区珍稀海洋贝藻资源 ,需协调好保护和开发之间日益尖锐的矛盾 ,控制养殖业的发展规模和游客的数量。

南麂列岛海域浮游植物生态特征及甲藻赤潮频发原因

根据2004年5月-2005年2月4个季节的调查资料以及2001-2005年赤潮发生时收集的资料,分析了南麂列岛海域浮游植物的种类组成、优势种类、细胞丰度的季节变化及其与环境因子的关系、春季甲藻赤潮发生状况。结果表明,该海域浮游植物共鉴定出105种,硅藻和甲藻分别为73种和28种;优势种主要有中肋骨条藻Skel-etonemacostatum、布氏双尾藻Ditylumbright wellii和夜光藻Noctiluca scintillans等16种;细胞丰度以秋季均值最高,达2.81×108个/m3。与1990年的数据相比,种类组成及细胞丰度均发生较大的变化。种类组成的季节变化主要受到江浙沿岸流和台湾暖流的影响。多种甲藻赤潮生物以及甲藻孢囊的存在为赤潮的频繁发生提供了种源,适宜的水文气象条件、某些甲藻独特的生活习性以及高N/P比有可能是导致该海域甲藻赤潮爆发的主要原因,富营养化与该海域春季赤潮频繁发生的关系较小。

浙江南麂岛主要森林植被群落学特征研究

通过对南麂岛台湾相思林、天然阔叶次生林、黑松林、木麻黄林等主要森林植被的群落特征研究,结果表明:1)4种森林类型平均胸径为16.19~19.74cm,平均树高为9.95~11.47m,密度为496~706株/hm^2,蓄积量为91.42~131.49m^3/hm^2。2)4种森林类型中乔木层重要值均集中在前4个树种,优势种分别为台湾相思、木麻黄、野梧桐、乌桕,苦楝、乌桕、黄葛树、臭辣树,黑松、野梧桐、台湾相思、木麻黄,木麻黄、台湾相思、苦楝、海州常山。4种森林类型中灌木层优势种主要为滨柃、柃木、海桐、野梧桐、鹅掌柴、天仙果、海州常山等,草本层优势种主要为五节芒、苎麻、狗尾草、葎草、大狗尾草、野艾蒿、山菅兰、苦蘵等。3)4种森林类型(台湾相思林除外)物种丰富度S排序均为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,多样性SW指数大小均为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,生态优势度ED基本趋势为乔木层>灌木层>草本层,均匀度E排序均为灌木层>草本层>乔木层。

南麂岛附近海域潮汐和潮流的特征

以2008年冬季在浙江近海南麂岛附近投放的4个底锚系观测的水位和流速资料为依据,分析了潮汐和潮流特征。水位谱分析结果显示半日分潮最显著,全日分潮其次;近岸的浅水分潮比离岸大。水位调和分析结果表明:潮汐类型均为正规半日潮,近岸处的平均潮差大于3m,最大可能潮差大于6m,潮汐呈现出显著的低潮日不等和回归潮特征。流速谱分析结果显示半日分潮流最强,全日分潮流其次,且比半日分潮流小得多;近岸浅水分潮流比远离岸显著。流速调和分析结果表明:潮流类型均为正规半日潮流,靠近岸的两个站浅水分潮流较显著;最显著的半日分潮流是M2分潮流,其最大流速介于0.32～0.48m/s之间,全日分潮流均很弱,最大流速小于0.06m/s。M2分潮流均为逆时针旋转,椭圆率越靠近海底越大;最大分潮流流速分布为中上层最大、表层略小、底层最小;最大分潮流流速方向的垂向变化很小,底层比表层略为偏左;最大分潮流流速到达时间随深度的加深而提前,底层比中上层约提前30min。潮流椭圆的垂向分布显示这里的半日分潮流以正压潮流为主;日分潮流则表现出很强的斜压性。

南麂列岛岛礁区域鱼类种类组成和数量分布

采用底层拖网方法,以渔获率作为鱼类资源分布的数量指标,进行了南麂列岛岛礁区域2011年4月、8月、11月和2012年3月4个季节的鱼类种类组成、数量分布以及时空变化研究。结果表明:(1)调查海域鱼类有69种,鱼类种数夏季>秋季>冬季>春季;(2)六指马鲅、海鳗、棘头梅童鱼、龙头鱼、赤鼻棱鳀、白姑鱼、、中颌棱鳀、六丝钝尾虎鱼等15种鱼占鱼类总渔获量的89.13%,是调查海域底层拖网的主要捕捞鱼类;(3)不同季节的鱼类渔获量组成相差较大,优势种季节演替现象明显;(4)渔获率的季节变化明显,渔获率夏秋季明显高于冬春季,夏秋季渔获率较高的区域一般在调查海域西北方向的开阔海域。

南麂列岛海域沉积物中甲藻孢囊的多样性和分布

南麂列岛地处亚热带海域,是台湾暖流和江浙沿岸流的交汇处,因而呈现出很好的生物多样性。据调查,南麂列岛附近海域已鉴定的浮游植物甲藻有53种,而到目前为止,对南麂列岛海域甲藻的休眠孢囊种类和分布的调查仍为空白。本文通过对2014年南麂列岛附近海域沉积物中甲藻孢囊的调查研究,在该海域共发现甲藻孢囊10属26种,其中,种类最多的是原多甲藻属(Protoperidinium),有10种;其次是斯氏藻属(Scrippsiella)和亚历山大藻属(Alexandrium),分别有4种,膝沟藻属(Gonyaulax)2种,舌甲藻属(Lingulodinium)、易碎藻属(Fragilidium)、扁甲藻属(Pyrophacus)、翼藻属(Diplopsalis)、裸甲藻属(Gymnodinium)和多沟藻属(Polykrikos)各1种。这些甲藻孢囊中,异养型和自养型甲藻孢囊各13种,自养型甲藻孢囊在数量上所占比例较大(79%)。2014年南麂列岛海域甲藻孢囊丰度较低,每毫升沉积物能检测出2—33个;夏、秋季的孢囊丰富度较高;岙口等相对开放海域的孢囊丰度明显高于岙内各站点。值得注意的是,三种有毒甲藻孢囊,塔玛/相似亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense/affine),具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)和多边舌甲藻(Lingulodinium polyedra)的孢囊也在样品中检出,并且分别占春季、夏季和秋季孢囊总丰度的37%、23%和27%。本研究为完善南麂列岛甲藻的物种多样性提供了依据。