Nano-treatment of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Waste and Its Usage in Cleaner Building Materials

Autoclaved aerated concrete waste(AACW)was used as a raw material to prepare nucleation seed for acceleration of Portland cement.Nano AACW seed with median particle size of 324 nm was prepared by wet grinding method.Both the electrical conductivity and pH value of nano AACW suspension were obviously improved.Both the setting times and intensity of the main hydration heat peak were promoted by nano AACW,indicating the possibility of AACW suspension as nucleation seed.The early age compressive strength before 3 days was also clearly improved by nano AACW,with no negative effect on the late age strength.Furthermore,the reduced CH content with dosage of nano AACW indicates that nano AACW not only plays a role of nucleation seed in cement hydration,but also has a certain pozzolanic reaction.

Unveiling the time-temperature dependence of metastability of supercooled liquid using nano-calorimetry

There is a lack of understanding of both the conversion of an unstable glass into a metastable supercooled liquid(MSL) upon heating and the metastability of MSLs. In this study, we investigated the time-and temperature-dependent metastability of an MSL using an advanced nano-calorimetric technique. The chosen Au-based metallic glass(Au MG) allowed adequate probing of its MSL in a temperature range between 10 and 70 K above the standard glass transition temperature. We found that the survival time of the MSL state is a quadratic function of temperature. Beyond this duration threshold, the sample undergoes fast crystallization even if it is below the crystallization temperature that is measured using differential scanning calorimetry.Employing transmission electron microscopy, we observed the formation of clusters with a partially ordered lattice structure during relaxation in the Au MG sample fabricated using a nano-calorimeter. The atomic ordering within the clusters was enhanced by increasing time and temperature in the MSL region. Once the as-produced glass entered the MSL stage upon heating followed by a quenching stage at a given rate, the mechanical properties of the quenched glass remained the same regardless of its holding temperature and duration within the MSL region. This work provides insights into the glass-MSL-crystal transformation and offers guidance for designing standard metallic glasses for property characterizations.

Mapping the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19:A bibliometric analysis

Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has imposed great medical and economic burdens on human society,and nanotech-nology is a promising technique for managing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.To drive further studies on anti-COVID-19 nanotechnology,this paper provides an analysis,from a bibliometric perspective,of the intersec-tion of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.Methods:We analyzed the 2585 publications on nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 included in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 2019 to March 2022 to determine the bibliometric landscape.The basic bibliometric characteristics are summarized in this article.Results:Our bibliometric analysis revealed that the intersection between nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 is a cutting-edge field in the science community and that the related studies were multidisciplinary in nature.Studies on the structural basis of SARS-CoV-2,SARS-CoV-2 detection assays,and mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 provided the development foundation for this field.Conclusions:The current research focuses are the development of nanomaterial-based vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 detection methods,and the design of nanomedicines carrying SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors is a relatively burgeoning frontier.In summary,this bibliometric analysis of the intersection of nanotechnology and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 highlights the current research focuses of this field to inspire future studies on anti-COVID-19 nanotechnologies.

Applications of nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery

Nanoparticles serve variouspurposes in the hydrocarbon industry which are utilized to improve the volumeof oil and gas production.Nanomaterials are used in petroleum applications as nanoparticles,nanosensors,nanocomposites,coated nanoparticles,nanofluids etc.Thus,the application of nanotechnology in the enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method helps to extract the trapped oil present beneath the surface.Some nano ultra-fine particles are cost-effective and eco-friendly.The injected fluid interacts with the rock/oil systemto create a favourable environment for oil recovery.This study focuses on a review of the different types of nanoparticles and nanomaterials used in petroleum applications.This paper aims to study the classification and characterization of nanoparticles.This also includes the physiochemical and mechanical properties of nanomaterials.The study discusses the applications of nanoparticles in chemical,miscible,thermal and microbial floodings.It mainly focuses on various mechanisms involved by adding nanoparticles such as wettability alteration,IFT reduction,rheology improvement,mobility control etc.This research also addresses new green nanomaterials and nanocomposites,which includes injecting specialized green chemicals(surfactants,alcohols,and polymers)that successfully displace oil.The IFT between the displacing fluid and the oil is reduced due to phase-behaviour properties.

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of plasma-surface reactions on heterogeneous surfaces

Reactions of atoms and molecules on chamber walls in contact with low temperature plasmas are important in various technological applications.Plasma-surface interactions are complex and relatively poorly understood.Experiments performed over the last decade by several groups prove that interactions of reactive species with relevant plasma-facing materials are characterized by distributions of adsorption energy and reactivity.In this paper,we develop a kinetic Monte Carlo(KMC)model that can effectively handle chemical kinetics on such heterogenous surfaces.Using this model,we analyse published adsorption-desorption kinetics of chlorine molecules and recombination of oxygen atoms on rotating substrates as a test case for the KMC model.

Review on developments of novel specialty fibers： performance, application and process

This paper reviews the development progress of optical fiber, the producing and application of the specialty optical fiber in the world. Finally it states the leading technology of optical fiber of the world. Specialty optical fibers are series of optical fiber which could satisfy special requirements. Recently, the rapidly growing need from fiber to the home （FTTH）, sensors, active optical link, energy conversion and delivery and fiber laser attracts researchers and optical companies to explore more possibilities of optical fiber and some novel specialty optical fibers were invented for the efforts. Bending insensitive optical fiber with the ability of extreme 3 mm bending diameter makes it possible to use the optical fiber as the electric wire in some extremely compact devices. Higher power was achieved in the fiber laser field with the development of rare earth doped fiber. Nanomaterials such as Au particles and ZnO nanostructures were utilized to extend the application in sensors and energy conversion. Pure silica design was commercialized to improve the radiation resistance of sensors based on fiber optics.

Microminiature Inertial Measurement System and Its Applications

The microminiature inertial measurement system, a new style of inertial measurement system, has many advantages compared with traditional systems, such as small size, low mass, low cost, low power consumption, high bearing capacity, and long life. Undoubtedly, it will have wide applications in military and commercial fields. However, current micro inertial sensors do not have sufficient accuracy, so, its applications are limited to some extent. This paper describes a microminiature inertial measurement system and its design, operating theory and error control techniques. In addition, its performance and applications are evaluated.