纳米改性Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金电弧熔丝增材成形工艺及组织和性能

采用电弧熔丝增材制造技术(WAAM)对纳米改性Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金进行成形试验,分析了焊接电流、焊接速度、沉积路径、层间等待时间对成形性能的影响.结果表明,在焊接电流190 A、焊接速度350 mm/min、往复沉积、层间等待时间为90 s时合金具有良好的成形性能.对制备的直壁墙体进行了沉积后热处理,对不同状态合金的组织和性能进行了研究.沉积态及热处理态合金显微组织均具有优异的各向同性,由细小的、无明显取向的等轴晶组成.T6处理显著提高了沉积态合金的硬度及力学性能,T6处理后平均硬度为178.3 HV,较沉积态提升61%,沿横向抗拉强度(Rm)、屈服强度(R_(eL))与断后伸长率(A)分别为469.7(±5.1)MPa,366.3(±1.4)MPa与6.4(±0.4)%,沿纵向抗拉强度(Rm)、屈服强度(R_(eL))与断后伸长率(A)分别为454.3(±18.8)MPa,364.7(±16.7)MPa与5.9(±0.5)%,具有良好的力学性能各向同性.

GaN衬底上ZnS纳米薄膜的结构、光学和电学特性

采用脉冲激光沉积技术在GaN衬底上制备了ZnS纳米薄膜。通过XRD和SEM对薄膜结晶情况和截面结构进行了表征,并测量了ZnS纳米薄膜的透射光谱和ZnS/GaN异质结的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线。ZnS纳米薄膜在可见光区的透过率较高,平均透过率在80%以上,经过退火处理,透过率增大。Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线表明,ZnS/GaN形成了异质结,具有和普通二极管相似的整流特性。在正向偏压下电流随着电压的增加而增大。退火处理后异质结的导通电压减小。这些特性表明,ZnS纳米薄膜在无人机载传感器和航空电子系统中的光电二极管、光电探测器、光伏电池等领域有着潜在的应用价值。

超声波辅助铁基体电沉积Zn-Ni-P/纳米ZrO_(2)复合镀层及性能研究

通过电沉积并辅助超声波振荡在铁基体上制备出Zn-Ni-P/纳米ZrO_(2)复合镀层。研究了镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度对复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量以及复合镀层表面形貌、相结构、硬度、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度从5 g/L增加至30 g/L,ZrO_(2)颗粒含量呈现先升高后降低趋势,复合镀层的形貌特征发生变化,导致硬度、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能存在差异,但不同复合镀层的相结构无明显差异,都含有单质Zn、Ni_(5)Zn_(21)和ZrO_(2)相。镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度为20 g/L时,复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量达到10.43%,该复合镀层的晶粒细小且结合紧密,表现出良好的致密性,硬度达到503.5 HV,平均摩擦系数和磨损失重仅为0.48和3.42 mg,电荷转移电阻和低频端阻抗值分别达到6.34×10^(3)Ω·cm^(2)和6.84×10^(3)Ω·cm^(2),其性能与Zn-Ni-P合金镀层相比显著提高。适当增加镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度有利于提高复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量,使复合镀层的晶粒明显细化且致密性改善,具有较强的阻碍局部塑性变形和承载能力,并且能有效抑制电化学腐蚀,从而表现出更好的性能。

A new way to synthesize ZnS nanoparticles

ZnS nanoparticles were prepared with normal ZnO and Na2S by solid-liquid chemical reaction under ultrasonic condition and characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, IR and TG-DTG. The results showed that these particles were good crystal cubic zinc blended with average size of 50 nm, possess good IR transmittance in the range of 400-4000 cm and good thermal stability.

Growth Pattern and Its Indication of Spheroidal Nano-Micro Crystal Aggregates of Pyrite in the Baiyunpu Pb-Zn Polymetallic Deposit, Central Hunan

The Baiyunpu deposit lies in the southwest plunging Dachengshan anticline in central Hunan, which is a large Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit. The orebodies were surrounded by the Qiziqiao Formation limestone in the Middle Devonian, and its geological occurrence is consistent with the wall rocks. A large number of spheroidal pyrite aggregates are found unevenly distributed in the ores. The spheroidal aggregates are made up of kernels and concentric rings. The kernels are composed of approximately epigranular pyrite nanocrystals, while the rings are composed of accumulated pyrite microcrystals growing along the radial direction. The spheroidal pyrite aggregate and its outer zones can be divided into five areas（A–E）. The results of electron probe micro analysis（EPMA） show that from the zone A1 to B, Co/Ni 〈1, the sum of Co and Ni is 0.08%–0.26%, S/Fe increases from 2.06 to 2.15. While from the zone C to E, Ni cannot be detected and S/Fe decreases from 2.22 to 2.08. Powder X-ray diffraction（XRD） analysis in the micro zone shows obvious crystalline characteristics in the aggregates. Moving from the inside outwards, the maximum diffraction peak intensity of the（111） and（220） crystal planes of pyrite increases, and the crystallinity improves. The degree of change in the（111） plane is the most prominent. Considering the theory of crystal growth along with the geologic features of the depositional environment where the spheroidal pyrite aggregates developed, we confirm that the spheroidal aggregates are the result of nano-micro crystalline gathering and growth occurring by the following sequence of processes：nano-crystalline nucleation and growth, gathering into a ball, oriented growth of microcrystals, continuous accumulation, and adjustment of grain boundaries. The formation of the spheroidal pyrite aggregates in the late Qiziqiao Formation of the Middle Devonian occurred in a neutral to weak alkaline and reductive sedimentary environment in the normal oxygen-rich shallowwater carbonate platform edge. The variations in the S/Fe ratio and crystallisation characteristics indicate that during pyrite crystal growth, the sulphur fugacity was high locally and rose constantly, the degree of supersaturation decreased locally and the growth environment was stable relatively.

One-dimensional nano-structure of Cu-Zn-Al alloy

Cu-Zn-Al alloy of one dimensional nano-structure was prepared and thestructure of obtained nano-material was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Itwas shown that there are non-linear oscillations on the surface of Cu-Zn-Al alloy and theconsanguineous connection exists between non-linear oscillation and the growth process of onedimensional nano-structure. The diameter of one dimensional nano-structure is about 40 nm, and theratio of length to diameter is over 40. Finally, the growth mechanism of one dimensionalnano-structure was also studied.

负载球状Zn/Al-LDH的壳聚糖海绵的制备及微纤维去除性能研究

使用水热合成法制备球状锌铝层状氢氧化物(Zn/Al-LDH),并通过超声将不同含量的球状Zn/Al-LDH负载在壳聚糖海绵上,研究其对洗涤废水中微纤维的吸附去除效果。通过扫描电子显微镜、比表面积吸附脱附仪等对海绵进行了表征,探究不同规格的海绵对微纤维的吸附能力,结果表明:负载不同含量的球状Zn/Al-LDH海绵对洗涤废水中的微纤维具有优异的吸附性能,其中负载球状Zn/Al-LDH与壳聚糖的质量比为1∶50时海绵的比表面积最大,为105.39 m^(2)/g,吸附效果最好,最大吸附效率可达42.06%,最大吸附量可达63.09 mg/g。

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-ZnO Precursor for the Antibacterial Activity against Thielaviopsis paradoxa

[Objectives]The paper was to explore a new method for preparing nano ZnO particles.[Methods]A mixture of 2,6-di(2′,4′-dicarboxylphenyl)pyridine(0.05 mM),Zn(NO_(3))2·6H_(2)O(0.1 mM)were added to the solution of DMA(3 mL)and H_(2)O(3 mL),and heated at 90℃for 12 h.The PXRD,TGA and fluorescence properties were characterized.[Results]Transparent block crystals of the[Zn_(2)(2,6-ddpp)(DMA)_(3)(H_(2)O)·H_(2)O]n were obtained(yield 85.4%,based on Zn).The Zn-MOF framework would collapse to form ZnO particles when the temperature exceeded 350℃.[Conclusions]A new Zn(II)-MOF is successfully constructed,and the compound exhibits monoclinic P21/c space group.The results will provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of nano ZnO.

Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料物理特性及其氟离子释放

目的制备出Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料,研究其物理特性及氟离子释放。方法先制备出Zn/Al-LDH,然后用10、20、40、0 mg的Zn/Al-LDH与玻璃离子混合制备出不同比例的Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料,利用扫描电子显微镜、光电子能谱分析和X射线衍射对不同比例的Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料的物理特性和氟离子释放进行研究。结果光电子能谱分析得出10、20、40 mg所对应的Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料制备成功显示。X射线衍射显示在2°至20°左右处10、20、40 mg所对应的Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料有一较明显的峰并且随着Zn/Al-LDH含量的增大该峰的强度也在增大,说明成功制备了不同比例Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料。氟离子释放测定,Zn/Al-LDH释放氟离子的浓度最慢,最大浓度都趋近于零,说明这种物质中不含氟离子或氟离子含量几乎接近于零;其他3种物质与水门汀相比,20、40 mg Zn/Al-LDH释放氟离子的浓度比水门汀高,而10 mg Zn/Al-LDH释放的氟离子浓度比水门汀慢。结论成功制备了不同比例Zn/Al-LDH-水门汀复合材料,10 mg Zn/Al-LDH与一定量的水门汀复合所得的物质是最佳的材料。

The Electrical and Optical Properties of Zn0.5Li2xMg0.5-xFe2O4 Lithium Doped Nanoparticle Prepared by Coprecipitation Method

In this study, nano ferrite materials were produced to replace costive industrial materials [1]. Ferrite nanoparticles are the interesting material due to their rich and unique physical and chemical properties. They find applications in catalysis, bio-processing, medicine, magnetic recording, adsorption, devices etc. Using co-participation method, five nano ferrite samples Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40) were prepared. The electrical and optical properties of the Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 samples were studied using the Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results verified that the formation of the absorption coefficient of the five samples of Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 increased with the increase of Lithium (Li2x). The energy band gap of the Zn0.5Mg0.5-xLi2xFe2O4 samples ranged from 3.28 to 3.12 eV [1]. The extinction coefficient (K) for five samples of Zn0.5Li2xMg0.5-xFe2O4 increased with the increase of Lithium (Li2x) at 338 nm from 0.074 to 0.207. The high magnitude of optical conductivity is (1.34 × 1012 sec-1) and the maximum value of electrical conductivity is 42 (Ω.cm)-1. This may due to the electrical and optical properties of lithium.

Preparation and Characterization of Cu-Zn Nano-Structural Ferrite Thin Films Produced by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD)

Cu-Zn ferrite nano thin films were deposited from a target of Cu-Zn ferrite onto a sapphire substrate using XeCl excimer laser operating 308 nm with an energy of 225 mJ and a frequency of 30 Hz. Films were deposited from the target onto sapphire (001) substrates heated to 650℃ in an oxygen atmosphere of 100 mTorr. The laser beam was incident On the target face at an angle of 45°. Studies on crystal structure were done by X-ray diffactometry (XRD). The surface texture, cross-section morphology and grain size was observed by JEOL-JSM-6400 scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM) [Model DI 3000, Digital instruments].

基于尺寸效应及温度效应的纳米ZnS热力学性质研究

材料粒度达到纳米级别时会产生特殊的表面效应及小尺寸效应,因此纳米材料往往表现出不同于本体材料的独特性质.该文着重在尺寸效应及温度效应上对ZnS纳米材料的热力学性质展开研究,探究了一种水热法制备出5种不同尺寸的纳米ZnS,并在不同温度下测定其在水溶液中平衡时的电导率.根据所得数据,以热力学循环法、溶解热力学理论以及电化学热力学平衡原理为基础,探讨了颗粒粒度和温度与纳米ZnS热力学性质之间的规律.结果表明:纳米ZnS的溶解热力学函数、摩尔表面热力学函数、偏摩尔表面热力学函数和规定热力学函数均与粒径、温度均具有良好的线性关系.该文进一步完善了溶解热力学理论,为涉及相关纳米材料的研究提供了理论支撑.

纳米ZrO_(2)/Zn-Al-C涂层在模拟地热水中的防腐性能

为提升环氧涂层的防腐性能,采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)改善纳米二氧化锆(ZrO_(2))颗粒的团聚,联合Zn-Al-C合金粉,制备改性纳米ZrO_(2)/Zn-Al-C环氧树脂复合涂层。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征纳米ZrO_(2)改性前后的结构变化。结合电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)和极化曲线(Tafel)分析复合涂层在模拟地热水环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:纳米ZrO_(2)表面成功接枝KH-550;复合涂层在模拟地热水中全浸泡720 h,其表面腐蚀结垢产物数量较原片明显减少;自腐蚀电流密度为6.113×10-10(A·cm-2),电化学性能良好。经改性后的环氧复合涂层,有效利用了纳米材料及金属材料的优越性能,其硬度及耐蚀性均得到显著提升,为环氧涂层在地热水环境中长期使用提供借鉴。

化学合成法制备ZnS基纳米荧光粉研究

描述了一种生产ZnS:M[M=Mn,Cu,Cu(Al)]纳米荧光粉的化学合成方法.运用本方法通过调节巯基乙酸与甲基丙烯酸的摩尔比,可在1.8～3.0nm范围内控制纳米粒子的尺寸.选择面积的电子衍射和X射线衍射证明ZnS:M纳米荧光粉具有闪锌矿结构.透射电镜图像表明ZnS:M纳米荧光粉具有较好的尺寸分布.ZnS:Mn的PL谱表明纳米尺寸的ZnS:Mn与体材料相比具有较高的发光效率。

纳米Zn/ZnO复合结构的光催化活性

采用干法室温振动研磨的方法制备纳米Zn粉,纳米Zn水解制备纳米Zn/ZnO复合结构。光催化实验证明在太阳光和紫外光照射时,纳米Zn/ZnO复合结构具有优良的光催化性能。TEM检测表明,经11h研磨的Zn粉粒度分布在10～20nm之间,纳米Zn水解反应生成的固相产品,纳米ZnO与未完全反应的纳米Zn构成棒状与片状共存的独特结构,XRD分析表明产物中仅含有Zn和ZnO两种物质;UV-Vis谱显示纳米Zn/ZnO复合体在可见光区的吸收强度明显高于纳米ZnO颗粒,颗粒尺寸减小引起激子吸收峰蓝移,与体相材料相比纳米颗粒有更高的光催化氧化-还原能力。

Zn^(2+)掺杂TiO_2纳米粉体的结构特性及光催化活性

利用酸催化的Sol-gel法制备纯的和不同掺杂量的Zn2+掺杂TiO2纳米粉体,并用XRD、BET、XPS、SPS等技术对样品进行表征.考察Zn2+掺杂量和焙烧温度对样品的光催化降解亚甲基蓝活性、相结构、晶粒尺寸和表面织构特性的影响,并结合表面光电性质和表面组成等探讨Zn2+掺杂对纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响机制.结果表明:适量掺杂Zn2+可以提高纳米TiO2的光催化活性;当Zn2+掺杂量为0.75%,焙烧温度为500℃时,制备的Zn2+掺杂TiO2纳米粉体的光催化活性最佳.Zn2+掺杂TiO2纳米粉体的光催化活性的提高应归功于Zn2+掺杂促进了光生电子和空穴的分离,抑制相变和晶粒长大从而增强光生e-/h+的氧化还原能力,增加表面羟基,改善样品表面的吸光性能.

化学合成法制备ZnS∶Cu纳米荧光粉研究

本文介绍一种制备ZnS∶Cu纳米荧光粉的化学合成方法。本方法中 ,通过调节巯基乙酸与甲基丙烯酸的摩尔比 ,可得到不同粒径的纳米荧光粉。用TEM ,XRD和PL谱对所制得的纳米荧光粉进行了表征。

藉L-半胱氨酸包覆的ZnS纳米粒子的共振光散射定量分析蛋白质

合成和表征了功能性L 半胱氨酸包覆的ZnS纳米粒子。在pH5.12的NaAc HAc溶液介质中,L 半胱氨酸包覆ZnS纳米粒子于波长308.0nm处出现共振光散射峰。一定量蛋白质的加入能明显增强体系的共振光散射,且峰强度增加值与蛋白质浓度间存在良好线性关系,据此建立了一种灵敏的测定微量蛋白质的方法。用L 半胱氨酸包覆ZnS纳米粒子作为探针,不仅克服了有机染料可能出现的光漂白等缺点,而且本身不具毒性。该法用于人血清试样中总蛋白的测定,其结果与临床数据一致。

沉淀剂对Mn-Zn铁氧体纳米粒子磁性能的影响

本研究以氨水和碳酸氢铵混合物为沉淀剂,试图在近中性环境下合成Mn-Zn铁氧体纳米粒子以进一步提高所制备材料的磁性能。结果表明:当沉淀剂由NaOH变为氨水+碳酸氢铵混合物时,Mn-Zn铁氧体纳米粒子的沉降时间明显缩短(15 min,约为NaOH沉淀剂的1/3)。所得材料的饱和磁化强度高达81.99 emu/g,比NaOH的提高近90%。同时,材料的矫顽力(Hc)也明显降低至52.7 Oe,说明氨水+碳酸氢铵混合物是一种制备高性能Mn-Zn铁氧体纳米磁性材料的有效沉淀剂。

CuS/Cu^(2+)和ZnS/Zn^(2+)纳米溶胶的合成与光学性质的研究

利用超声制备了无机纳米溶胶CuS/Cu2+、ZnS/Zn2+,分别研究了两种纳米粒子的大小和光学性质,两者的共振光散射都很强且稳定,初步展现了其具有良好的应用前景.