Nanocomposite materials in orthopedic applications

This chapter is an introduction to nanocomposite materials and its classifications with emphasis on orthopedic application. It covers different types of matrix n anocomposites in eluding ceramics, metal, polymer and natural-based nanocomposites with the main features and applications in the orthopedic. In addition, it presents structure, composition, and biomechanical features ofbone as a natural nanocomposite. Finally, it deliberately presents developing methods for nanocomposites bone grafting.

纳米羟基磷灰石骨修复复合材料的研究进展

羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite,HA)是一种性能良好的骨修复材料,但是由于脆性而限制了它在承力部位的应用。天然骨本身是纳米羟基磷灰石(Nanohydroxyapatite,n-HA)和胶原的复合材料,从仿生的角度看,n-HA与其它材料复合可以提高生物相容性和力学性能。目前研究的纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料可分为两类:非降解的纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料和可降解的纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料。前者包括n-HA/聚乙烯、n-HA/尼龙以及n-HA/聚丙烯酸。后者主要有n-HA与胶原、明胶、壳聚糖、聚乳酸和聚酸酐等的复合材料。本文详细综述了近年来纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备、力学性能以及生物学性能的研究进展。