Drugs are traditionally been identified on basis of chromatographic-spectroscopic hyphenated techniques in instrumental analysis. Gas chromatography (GC) and Liquid chromatography (LC) hyphenated with mass spectroscop...Drugs are traditionally been identified on basis of chromatographic-spectroscopic hyphenated techniques in instrumental analysis. Gas chromatography (GC) and Liquid chromatography (LC) hyphenated with mass spectroscopy (MS) i.e. GC-MS and LC-MS give reliable and confirmatory results in drugs identification. In the present work the novel hyphenated technique High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (HPTLC-MS) has been used. This technique provides efficient, quick and simple method for identification and separation of Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The drugs under study are Papaverine, Methadone, Cocaine, Ketamine, Caffeine, Codeine, Diazepam, Thebaine, Heroin, Methamphetamine, Carbamazepine, Morphine, Narcotine and Ephedrine. The present study comprising of sixteen drugs has been carried out on CAMAG HPTLC instrument with automatic sampling. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates were developed in various solvent systems, scanned under TLC scanner and the results in terms of Retention Factor (Rf value) and UV spectrum (λmax) are presented in the manuscript. Using hyphenated technique of HPTLC-MS (MS 2020 SHIMADZU) spots of these drugs from TLC plate was lifted with CAMAG TLC-MS interface and confirmed by the mass spectrum of the individual drugs by their m/z values thus delivering fast and accurate confirmatory result on the TLC plate.展开更多
Narcotics and psychotropic drugs are known as controlled drugs with special management and super vision due to their psychic and physiological dependence. Based on the literature review, experts interview and policy c...Narcotics and psychotropic drugs are known as controlled drugs with special management and super vision due to their psychic and physiological dependence. Based on the literature review, experts interview and policy comparative analysis, our study summarized and reviewed the status of related legislation and regulations since the enactment of the Narcotics and Psychotropic Drugs Regulations in 2005. We found the problems of legal loopholes, the complexity of supervision system and the irrational use of narcotics in the treatment of chronic non-cancer. Our analysis suggested that China should reinforce legislation, strengthen the cooperation among departments, establish the information network and improve the guideline of narcotics and psychotropic drugs for clinical treatment as quickly as possible.展开更多
Date Rape Drugs are the members of tranquilizers and sedative class of drugs.These are the substances that make it easier for someone to rape or assault sexually.The person who is administrated by these drugs can caus...Date Rape Drugs are the members of tranquilizers and sedative class of drugs.These are the substances that make it easier for someone to rape or assault sexually.The person who is administrated by these drugs can cause sleepiness,slow breathing,slow heartbeat rate,trouble in muscle coordination,loss of consciousness.GHB(gamma-hydroxybutyric acid),Rohypnol(flunitrazepam),Ketamine are generally considered as date rape drugs.As Food and Drug Administration Department of Central Government of India considered this issue and placed these drugs under the schedule of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act.Thereafter it is nearly impossible to get these drugs easily.But criminals have been searched new way through it.Normal tranquilizers and sedatives are also being used for committing such crimes.These drugs are also scheduled,but one can get them with prescription from a registered medical practitioner.So we carried out a comparative study of 3 tranquilizers from the benzodiazepine class that are Diazepam,Alprazolam,and Librium to check their dissolving rate in stomach acid.Estimation of action time of drug can help an investigator to identify the class of drug and time of drug injected(early phase).In our study,we found that the dissolving period of Diazepam and Alprazolam is more than conventional drugs.展开更多
文摘Drugs are traditionally been identified on basis of chromatographic-spectroscopic hyphenated techniques in instrumental analysis. Gas chromatography (GC) and Liquid chromatography (LC) hyphenated with mass spectroscopy (MS) i.e. GC-MS and LC-MS give reliable and confirmatory results in drugs identification. In the present work the novel hyphenated technique High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (HPTLC-MS) has been used. This technique provides efficient, quick and simple method for identification and separation of Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The drugs under study are Papaverine, Methadone, Cocaine, Ketamine, Caffeine, Codeine, Diazepam, Thebaine, Heroin, Methamphetamine, Carbamazepine, Morphine, Narcotine and Ephedrine. The present study comprising of sixteen drugs has been carried out on CAMAG HPTLC instrument with automatic sampling. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates were developed in various solvent systems, scanned under TLC scanner and the results in terms of Retention Factor (Rf value) and UV spectrum (λmax) are presented in the manuscript. Using hyphenated technique of HPTLC-MS (MS 2020 SHIMADZU) spots of these drugs from TLC plate was lifted with CAMAG TLC-MS interface and confirmed by the mass spectrum of the individual drugs by their m/z values thus delivering fast and accurate confirmatory result on the TLC plate.
基金financially supported by Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University
文摘Narcotics and psychotropic drugs are known as controlled drugs with special management and super vision due to their psychic and physiological dependence. Based on the literature review, experts interview and policy comparative analysis, our study summarized and reviewed the status of related legislation and regulations since the enactment of the Narcotics and Psychotropic Drugs Regulations in 2005. We found the problems of legal loopholes, the complexity of supervision system and the irrational use of narcotics in the treatment of chronic non-cancer. Our analysis suggested that China should reinforce legislation, strengthen the cooperation among departments, establish the information network and improve the guideline of narcotics and psychotropic drugs for clinical treatment as quickly as possible.
文摘Date Rape Drugs are the members of tranquilizers and sedative class of drugs.These are the substances that make it easier for someone to rape or assault sexually.The person who is administrated by these drugs can cause sleepiness,slow breathing,slow heartbeat rate,trouble in muscle coordination,loss of consciousness.GHB(gamma-hydroxybutyric acid),Rohypnol(flunitrazepam),Ketamine are generally considered as date rape drugs.As Food and Drug Administration Department of Central Government of India considered this issue and placed these drugs under the schedule of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act.Thereafter it is nearly impossible to get these drugs easily.But criminals have been searched new way through it.Normal tranquilizers and sedatives are also being used for committing such crimes.These drugs are also scheduled,but one can get them with prescription from a registered medical practitioner.So we carried out a comparative study of 3 tranquilizers from the benzodiazepine class that are Diazepam,Alprazolam,and Librium to check their dissolving rate in stomach acid.Estimation of action time of drug can help an investigator to identify the class of drug and time of drug injected(early phase).In our study,we found that the dissolving period of Diazepam and Alprazolam is more than conventional drugs.
文摘目的 探讨药师应用PDCA管理法对精神药物处方进行规范性管理的效果及可行性。方法 选取2022年1月至12月山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院药剂科639例精神疾病药物处方为研究对象,根据是否实施PDCA管理将处方分为常规管理组(354例)和PDCA管理组(285例)。常规管理组于2022年1月至6月行传统管理模式,PDCA管理组于8月至12月正式实施PDCA管理法,7月学习PDCA管理法及预实行。采用卡方检验分析两组的精神药物的合理用药率、处方规范性及不良反应监测报告差异,采用t检验分析实施前后两组药学质量管理及处方满意度评分的差异,以评估PDCA管理法的应用效果。结果 实施PDCA管理法后,常规管理组的合理用药率低于PDCA管理组[93.50%(331/354) vs 97.54%(278/285),P<0.05];精神药物处方规范性提高,PDCA管理组的处方错误率低于常规管理组[2.46%(7/285) vs 6.50%(23/354),P<0.05]。PDCA管理组药学管理质量评分及处方满意度评分分别为(96.46±3.21)分,(96.33±2.42)分,均高于常规管理组[分别为(82.57±5.92)分,(81.76±4.75)分](均P<0.05)。同时,因处方开具不当等原因造成的精神药物不良反应报告数量由常规管理组的5.65%(20/354)减少为PDCA管理组的2.11%(6/285)(P<0.05)。结论 药师应用PDCA管理法对精神药物处方进行管理,可提高处方管理质量和处方满意度,降低管理差错率,促进处方规范性管理。
