This study focuses on a robot vision localization method for coping with the operational task ofautomatic nasal swab sampling. The application is important in the detection and epidemic prevention of CoronaVirus Disea...This study focuses on a robot vision localization method for coping with the operational task ofautomatic nasal swab sampling. The application is important in the detection and epidemic prevention of CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to alleviate the large-scale negative impact of individuals suffering from pneumoniaowing to COVID-19. In this method, the idea of a hierarchical decision network is used to consider the stronginfectious characteristics of the COVID-19, which is followed by processing the robot behavior constraint condition.The visual navigation and positioning method using a single-arm robot for sampling is also planned, whichconsiders the operation characteristics of medical staff. In the decision network, the risk factor for potentialcontact infection caused by swab sampling operations is established to avoid the spread among personnel. A robotvisual servo control with artificial intelligence characteristics is developed to achieve a stable and safe nasal swabsampling operation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good vision positioning forthe robots and provide technical support for managing new major public health situations.展开更多
Nasal swabs are non-invasive testing methods for detecting diseases by collecting samples from the nasal cavity or nasopharynx.Dysosmia is regarded as an early sign of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and nasal swab...Nasal swabs are non-invasive testing methods for detecting diseases by collecting samples from the nasal cavity or nasopharynx.Dysosmia is regarded as an early sign of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and nasal swabs are the gold standard for the detection.By nasal swabs,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acids can be cyclically amplified and detected using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction after sampling.Similarly,olfactory dysfunction precedes the onset of typical clinical manifestations by several years in prion diseases and other neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system atrophy.In neurodegenerative diseases,nasal swab tests are currently being explored using seed amplification assay(SAA)of pathogenic misfolded proteins,such as prion,α-synuclein,and tau.These misfolded proteins can serve as templates for the conformational change of other copies from the native form into the same misfolded form in a prion-like manner.SAA for misfolded prion-like proteins from nasal swab extracts has been developed,conceptually analogous to PCR,showing high sensitivity and specificity for molecular diagnosis of degenerative diseases even in the prodromal stage.Cyclic amplification assay of nasal swab extracts is an attractive and feasible method for accurate and non-invasive detection of trace amount of pathogenic substances for screening and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease.展开更多
To contain the rapid and global spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is essential to develop an accurate and sensitive test system to address pandemic bottlenecks, simplified sample collection, and no sample prep. While meeting t...To contain the rapid and global spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is essential to develop an accurate and sensitive test system to address pandemic bottlenecks, simplified sample collection, and no sample prep. While meeting the demand of testing large populations, the miniaturized volume of assay reagents and offering rapid results is the need in such scenarios. Moreover, in view of the reports of co-infections and overlapping symptoms of Influenza caused by Influenza A or Influenza B, and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, a test system with three targets can be supportive for accurate clinical diagnosis. In this presentation, we evaluated the performance of a test comprising Microchip RT-PCR Influenza and COVID-19 Detection System for identifying these three viral pathogens in nasal swabs and saliva specimens. A rapid and simplified total nucleic acid extraction method was developed and validated for the reliable, high-throughput simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses causing Influenza (type A and type B viruses) and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 virus) using the microchip-based AriaDNATM platform deriving the name ABC Test. The test system was evaluated using 81 nasal swab samples, 77 clinical saliva samples, 5 blind CAP reference samples, and RNA standards. The limit of detection (LoD) was assessed using SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, and Influenza B RNA standards. The multiplex ABC Test microchip displayed LoD of 14 copies/μL for SARS-CoV-2 and approximately 26 copies/μL for Influenza A, and 140 copies/μL for Influenza B, respectively. The ABC Test offers rapid multiplex one-step RT-PCR in 32 minutes for 45 cycles as the miniaturized reaction of 1.2 μL offering a highly sensitive, robust, and accurate assay for the detection of Influenza A/B, and SARS-CoV-2.展开更多
The dromedary camels play some critical roles in the evolution and transmission cycle of the MERS-CoV. There are no current available vaccines or antiviral medications to do prevention or to treat humans against the v...The dromedary camels play some critical roles in the evolution and transmission cycle of the MERS-CoV. There are no current available vaccines or antiviral medications to do prevention or to treat humans against the virus, respectively. Few studies reported the course of the MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels under both the experiment and natural infection approaches. The curve of the viral particle, as well as its nucleic acids in nasal secretions of the dromedary camels, was reported in more details. However, MERS-CoV shedding in some other secretions such as vaginal secretions still understudied. The main goal of the current study was to check the possibility of MERS-CoV shedding of the MERS-CoV through the vaginal mucous membranes of some female camels. To achieve these goals, we conducted molecular surveillance on one dromedary camel herd in eastern Saudi Arabia. We collected the following swabs per each animal (nasal, rectal, and vaginal) as well as urine samples during the period from Jan 2020-April 2020. Testing of MERS-CoV nucleic acid (NA) was conducted in these swabs by the real-time PCR kits. Our results are showing that (47%, 21%, 0%, and 0%) of the (nasal, rectal, and vaginal) swabs, as well as the urine, were positive, respectively. All the tested vaginal swabs were negative. This may suggest the absence of MERS-CoV shedding in the female genital tract and urine samples despite the detection of the viral NA in the nasal swabs. This study is showing for the first time the failure of detection of the MERS-CoV in the vaginal secretions of some naturally infected dromedary camels. This result is enriching our understanding of the MERS-CoV shedding in various body secretions and excretions.展开更多
为了解副猪嗜血杆菌感染猪后的组织分布和排毒情况,应用建立的SYBR Green Ⅱ荧光定量PCR检测方法,分析了副猪嗜血杆菌在猪各组织的分布及其在血液、鼻拭子中载量的变化情况。结果显示:高剂量感染组出现明显的临床症状,且平均体温高于其...为了解副猪嗜血杆菌感染猪后的组织分布和排毒情况,应用建立的SYBR Green Ⅱ荧光定量PCR检测方法,分析了副猪嗜血杆菌在猪各组织的分布及其在血液、鼻拭子中载量的变化情况。结果显示:高剂量感染组出现明显的临床症状,且平均体温高于其他各组1~2℃;对试验组各组猪内脏组织进行检测发现,副猪嗜血杆菌主要集中在气管、扁桃体、颌下淋巴结、肺等组织中,不同组织器官中的细菌载量也存在着一定的差异;血液中并未检测到副猪嗜血杆菌,但在感染的8~20 d高剂量组鼻拭子中副猪嗜血杆菌的载量显著高于其他组。本文研究了副猪嗜血杆菌感染仔猪后的临床症状和体外排毒情况,为以后副猪嗜血杆菌的防治及致病机理研究奠定一定理论基础。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS)which is a potencial risk factor of transmission between animals and humans in different types of horses(harness racing-horses,breedin...Objective:To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS)which is a potencial risk factor of transmission between animals and humans in different types of horses(harness racing-horses,breeding mares and riding-horses)and to compare the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates.Methods:A total of 191 healthy horses,housed at different locations of the Campania Region(Italy),were included in the study.Nasal swab samples were collected from each nostril of the horses.The mecA gene was detected by a nested PCR technique.Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for each isolate.Results:MRS was isolated from nasal samples of 68/191(35.6%;95%CI:28.9%-42.9%)healthy horses.All isolates were coagulase-negative with the exception of two coagulase-positive MRS strains,identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.2/83(2.4%;95%,CI:0.4%-9.2%).Interestingly,both coagulase-positive MRS isolates were from harness racing-horses.These horses also presented a significantly higher positivity for MRS(53.3%;95%CI:40.1%-66.1%)than the breeding mares and riding-horses groups.Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed difference between isolates due to different origins except for an almost common high resistance to aminopenicillins,such as ampicillin and amoxicillin.Conclusions:It can be concluded that harness racing-horses may act as a significant reservoir of MRS as compared to breeding mares and riding-horses.展开更多
基金the Director Foundation of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detection Technology and Instrument(No.YQ21110)。
文摘This study focuses on a robot vision localization method for coping with the operational task ofautomatic nasal swab sampling. The application is important in the detection and epidemic prevention of CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to alleviate the large-scale negative impact of individuals suffering from pneumoniaowing to COVID-19. In this method, the idea of a hierarchical decision network is used to consider the stronginfectious characteristics of the COVID-19, which is followed by processing the robot behavior constraint condition.The visual navigation and positioning method using a single-arm robot for sampling is also planned, whichconsiders the operation characteristics of medical staff. In the decision network, the risk factor for potentialcontact infection caused by swab sampling operations is established to avoid the spread among personnel. A robotvisual servo control with artificial intelligence characteristics is developed to achieve a stable and safe nasal swabsampling operation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good vision positioning forthe robots and provide technical support for managing new major public health situations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1904207 to Dr.Yuming Xu)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2020-PT310-01 to Dr.Yuming Xu).
文摘Nasal swabs are non-invasive testing methods for detecting diseases by collecting samples from the nasal cavity or nasopharynx.Dysosmia is regarded as an early sign of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and nasal swabs are the gold standard for the detection.By nasal swabs,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acids can be cyclically amplified and detected using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction after sampling.Similarly,olfactory dysfunction precedes the onset of typical clinical manifestations by several years in prion diseases and other neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system atrophy.In neurodegenerative diseases,nasal swab tests are currently being explored using seed amplification assay(SAA)of pathogenic misfolded proteins,such as prion,α-synuclein,and tau.These misfolded proteins can serve as templates for the conformational change of other copies from the native form into the same misfolded form in a prion-like manner.SAA for misfolded prion-like proteins from nasal swab extracts has been developed,conceptually analogous to PCR,showing high sensitivity and specificity for molecular diagnosis of degenerative diseases even in the prodromal stage.Cyclic amplification assay of nasal swab extracts is an attractive and feasible method for accurate and non-invasive detection of trace amount of pathogenic substances for screening and diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease.
文摘To contain the rapid and global spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is essential to develop an accurate and sensitive test system to address pandemic bottlenecks, simplified sample collection, and no sample prep. While meeting the demand of testing large populations, the miniaturized volume of assay reagents and offering rapid results is the need in such scenarios. Moreover, in view of the reports of co-infections and overlapping symptoms of Influenza caused by Influenza A or Influenza B, and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, a test system with three targets can be supportive for accurate clinical diagnosis. In this presentation, we evaluated the performance of a test comprising Microchip RT-PCR Influenza and COVID-19 Detection System for identifying these three viral pathogens in nasal swabs and saliva specimens. A rapid and simplified total nucleic acid extraction method was developed and validated for the reliable, high-throughput simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses causing Influenza (type A and type B viruses) and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 virus) using the microchip-based AriaDNATM platform deriving the name ABC Test. The test system was evaluated using 81 nasal swab samples, 77 clinical saliva samples, 5 blind CAP reference samples, and RNA standards. The limit of detection (LoD) was assessed using SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, and Influenza B RNA standards. The multiplex ABC Test microchip displayed LoD of 14 copies/μL for SARS-CoV-2 and approximately 26 copies/μL for Influenza A, and 140 copies/μL for Influenza B, respectively. The ABC Test offers rapid multiplex one-step RT-PCR in 32 minutes for 45 cycles as the miniaturized reaction of 1.2 μL offering a highly sensitive, robust, and accurate assay for the detection of Influenza A/B, and SARS-CoV-2.
文摘The dromedary camels play some critical roles in the evolution and transmission cycle of the MERS-CoV. There are no current available vaccines or antiviral medications to do prevention or to treat humans against the virus, respectively. Few studies reported the course of the MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels under both the experiment and natural infection approaches. The curve of the viral particle, as well as its nucleic acids in nasal secretions of the dromedary camels, was reported in more details. However, MERS-CoV shedding in some other secretions such as vaginal secretions still understudied. The main goal of the current study was to check the possibility of MERS-CoV shedding of the MERS-CoV through the vaginal mucous membranes of some female camels. To achieve these goals, we conducted molecular surveillance on one dromedary camel herd in eastern Saudi Arabia. We collected the following swabs per each animal (nasal, rectal, and vaginal) as well as urine samples during the period from Jan 2020-April 2020. Testing of MERS-CoV nucleic acid (NA) was conducted in these swabs by the real-time PCR kits. Our results are showing that (47%, 21%, 0%, and 0%) of the (nasal, rectal, and vaginal) swabs, as well as the urine, were positive, respectively. All the tested vaginal swabs were negative. This may suggest the absence of MERS-CoV shedding in the female genital tract and urine samples despite the detection of the viral NA in the nasal swabs. This study is showing for the first time the failure of detection of the MERS-CoV in the vaginal secretions of some naturally infected dromedary camels. This result is enriching our understanding of the MERS-CoV shedding in various body secretions and excretions.
文摘为了解副猪嗜血杆菌感染猪后的组织分布和排毒情况,应用建立的SYBR Green Ⅱ荧光定量PCR检测方法,分析了副猪嗜血杆菌在猪各组织的分布及其在血液、鼻拭子中载量的变化情况。结果显示:高剂量感染组出现明显的临床症状,且平均体温高于其他各组1~2℃;对试验组各组猪内脏组织进行检测发现,副猪嗜血杆菌主要集中在气管、扁桃体、颌下淋巴结、肺等组织中,不同组织器官中的细菌载量也存在着一定的差异;血液中并未检测到副猪嗜血杆菌,但在感染的8~20 d高剂量组鼻拭子中副猪嗜血杆菌的载量显著高于其他组。本文研究了副猪嗜血杆菌感染仔猪后的临床症状和体外排毒情况,为以后副猪嗜血杆菌的防治及致病机理研究奠定一定理论基础。
基金Supported by Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.University of Naples"Federico II".Naples Italy
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS)which is a potencial risk factor of transmission between animals and humans in different types of horses(harness racing-horses,breeding mares and riding-horses)and to compare the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates.Methods:A total of 191 healthy horses,housed at different locations of the Campania Region(Italy),were included in the study.Nasal swab samples were collected from each nostril of the horses.The mecA gene was detected by a nested PCR technique.Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for each isolate.Results:MRS was isolated from nasal samples of 68/191(35.6%;95%CI:28.9%-42.9%)healthy horses.All isolates were coagulase-negative with the exception of two coagulase-positive MRS strains,identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.2/83(2.4%;95%,CI:0.4%-9.2%).Interestingly,both coagulase-positive MRS isolates were from harness racing-horses.These horses also presented a significantly higher positivity for MRS(53.3%;95%CI:40.1%-66.1%)than the breeding mares and riding-horses groups.Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed difference between isolates due to different origins except for an almost common high resistance to aminopenicillins,such as ampicillin and amoxicillin.Conclusions:It can be concluded that harness racing-horses may act as a significant reservoir of MRS as compared to breeding mares and riding-horses.
