Radiotherapy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for ascending-type nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a retrospective comparison of toxicity and prognosis

Background:In the era of intensity?modulated radiotherapy(IMRT),the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)in treating ascending?type nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is under?evaluated.This study was to compare the efficacy of NACT followed by IMRT(NACT+RT)with the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)on ascending?type NPC.Methods:Clinical data of 214 patients with ascending?type NPC treated with NACT+RT or CCRT between Decem?ber 2009 and July 2011 were analyzed.Of the 214 patients,98 were treated with NACT followed by IMRT,and 116 were treated with CCRT.The survival rates were assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis,and the survival curves were compared using a log?rank test.Results:The 4?year overall survival,locoregional failure?free survival,distant failure?free survival,and failure?free sur?vival rates were not significantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05).However,patients in the CCRT group exhibited more severe acute adverse events than did patients in the NACT+RT group during radiotherapy,includ?ing leukopenia(30.2%vs.15.3%,P=0.016),neutropenia(25.9%vs.11.2%,P=0.011),and mucositis(57.8%vs.40.8%,P=0.028).After radiotherapy,patients in the CCRT group exhibited significantly higher rates of xerostomia(21.6%vs.Conclusions:The treatment outcomes of the NACT+RT and CCRT groups were similar;however,CCRT led to higher rates of acute and late toxicities.NACT+RT may therefore be a better treatment strategy for ascending?type NPC.

PhaseⅡstudy of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy with raltitrexed and cisplatin in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective:For locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(LA-NPC)patients,high incidences of distant metastases and severe treatment related toxicities are the main obstacles needed to be overcome.Raltitrexed,a specific thymidylate synthase inhibitor with a convenient administration schedule,has an acceptable and manageable toxicity,and possesses radio-sensitizing properties.To investigate the efficacy and safety of raltitrexed and cisplatin induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy(IC+CCRT)in patients with LA-NPC,a phaseⅡclinical study was conducted.Methods:Sixty eligible patients with LA-NPC were enrolled into this study.A raltitrexed-cisplatin combination was used as part of an IC+CCRT regimen.Raltitrexed-cisplatin IC was given once every 3 weeks(q3 w)for two cycles,followed by raltitrexed-cisplatin based CCRT q3 w for two cycles.Intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)was given for all enrolled patients.Results:All patients were included in survival analysis according to the intent-to-treat principle.The objective response rate(ORR)3 months after treatment was 98%.The 2-year overall survival(OS)rate was 92%.The median relapse-free survival(RFS)time was 30.5[95%confidence interval(95%CI),28.4-32.3]months.The 2-year RFS rate was 85%.The 2-year local failure-free survival(LFFS)rate was 97%and the 2-year distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)rate was 88%.Acute toxicities were mostly grade 2 and 3 reactions in bone marrow suppression,gastrointestinal side effect and oropharyngeal mucositis.Only two patients occurred grade 4 acute toxicities,one was bone marrow suppression and the other was dermatitis radiation.Conclusions:The combination of raltitrexed and cisplatin has a comparable efficacy to those in standard firstline therapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a retrospective controlled study

Background:In the era of intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT),the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is under-evaluated.The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of NAC plus IMRT and concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)plus adjuvant chemotherapy(AC)on locoregionally advanced NPC.Methods:Between January 2004 and December 2008,240 cases of locoregionally advanced NPC confirmed by pathologic assessment in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were reviewed.Of the 240 patients,117 received NAC followed by IMRT,and 123 were treated with CCRT plus AC.The NAC+IMRT group received a regimen that included cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU).The CCRT+AC group received cisplatin concurrently with radiotherapy,and subsequently received adjuvant cisplatin and 5-FU.The survival rates were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis,and the survival curves were compared using a log-rank test.Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results:The 5-year overall survival(OS),locoregional relapse-free survival(LRRFS),distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS),and disease-free survival(DFS)were 78.0,87.9,79.0,and 69.8%,respectively,for the NAC+IMRT group and78.7,84.8,76.2,and 65.6%,respectively,for the CCRT+AC group.There were no significant differences in survival between the two groups.In multivariate analysis,age(<50 years vs.>50 years)and overall stage(Ⅲvs.Ⅳ)were found to be independent predictors for OS and DFS;furthermore,the overall stage was a significant prognostic factor for DMFS.Compared with the CCRT+AC protocol,the NAC+IMRT protocol significantly reduced the occurrence rates of grade 3-4 nausea-vomiting(6.5 vs.1.5%,P=0.023)and leukopenia(9.7 vs.0.8%,P=0.006).Conclusions:The treatment outcomes of the NAC+IMRT and CCRT+AC groups were similar.Distant metastasis remained the predominant mode of treatment failure.

Clinical analysis of PF plus concurrent radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective： The prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis. Unfortunately, at diagnosis, most of patients have locally advanced, non-metastatic stage III or IVa disease. The study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil combined with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods： Sixty-six patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma received chemotherapy of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil jointing concurrent radiotherapy; concurrent radiotherapy started on day 1 in the first cycle of chemotherapy of PF, 5-fluorouraci1500 mg/m^2 intravenous infusion on days 1-5, cisplatin 80 mg/m2 intravenous infusion on days 1-3, 21 days for a cycle, a total of three cycles; nasopharyngeal lesions and positive lymph node were given a total amount of 70 Gy, prophylactic neck radiation were given the amount of 50 Gy, radiotherapy five times a week, Gy/f. Results： All patients who can be evaluated, the response rate （RR） was 100%; 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival （OS） were 100%, 86.4%, 21.2%, respectively; 3-year, 5-year disease-free survival （DFS） were 72.7% and 18.2%, respective- ly; the average survival time and median survival time were 49.0 months and 48.5 months, respectively; the average survival time and median survival time of DFS were 46.1 months and 46.5 months, respectively. Conclusion： For patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, who accepted RT combining concurrent chemotherapy of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil, clinical efficacy is satisfaction and toxicities could be tolerated.

Clinical Study on Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiotherapy and Concurrent Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicities of simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy （SMART） and concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS Eightyseven patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma received SMART from April 2002 to September 2006. According to the UICC staging system, 30 patients were diagnosed as stage IIb, 42 patients stage III, 13 patients stage IVa and 2 patients stage IVb. The intensitymodulated radiotherapy was delivered with the ＂step and shoot＂ SMART technique with the prescribed dose of 66-76 Gy （2.2-2.4 Gy/day） to the gross tumor volume （GTV） and positive neck lymph nodes （GTVLN）, with 60 Gy （2.0 Gy/day） to the highrisk clinical target volume （CTV1）, encompassing the area around the nasopharynx and the upper neck, and with 54 Gy （1.8 Gy/day） to the lowrisk clinical target volume （CTV2）, including the lower neck and supraclavicular area. Among all the patients, 31 received 2 cycles of SMART concurrently with 5 fluorouracil （5-Fu） and cisplatin （the FP group） and 56 received 2 cycles of concurrent cisplatin. All the patients received 3 to 4 cycles of adjuvant combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5fluorouracil starting from the 1st month after completion of SMART. RESULTS With a median follow up of 59 months （ranging from 19 to 85 months）, the 1, 2 and 3year overall survival rates were 100%, 94.6% and 91.3% respectively. Acute mucositis and pharyngitis were more frequently observed in the FP group than in the cisplatin group. CONCLUSION SMART technique provides an excellent opportunity to spare normal tissue and is probably more biologically effective. Combination of single cisplatin was more tolerable.

Efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy on advanced cervical cancer

Background and Objective: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical carcinoma develops rapidly and has become a common and standard therapy in recent years. Both the local control rate and survival rate of patients were increased and the risk of death fell by 30%-50%. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy on and the treatment compliance of the patients with advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 156 patients with stage IIa-IIIb cervical squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (experimental group) and radiotherapy group (control group). Intracavity and external beam radiation therapy were administered. At point A, 40-48 Gy were given by 10-12 fractions; at point B, 46-50 Gy were given by 23-25 fractions. In the same time, experimental group was treated by cisplatin (DDP, 40 mg) on day 1, repeated every week. Ten days after radiation therapy, TP regimen was administered as adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: For the experimental and control groups, the objective response rates were 88.61% and 75.32%, 1-year survival rates were 88.57% and 70.77%, 1-year local control rates were 81.43% and 64.62%, 3-year survival rates were 82.14% and 57.69%, and 3-year local control rates were 75.00% and 46.15%, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Quality of life of all patients were significantly improved after treatment (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced cervical cancer can improve short-term and long-term survival and local control rates of patients, improve the quality of life, and the toxicity can be tolerated.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with synchronous breast metastasis:A case report

BACKGROUND Recent reports have described cases of metachronous breast metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.However,no similar cases of synchronous breast metastasis have been reported,and evidence that can be used to support the clinical diagnosis of stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma in patients with concurrent breast metastasis remains lacking.Therefore,additional evidence is required to elucidate the clinical characteristics of this condition and aid in the development of optimal management strategies.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 46-year-old woman who visited our hospital with a right breast mass as the first symptom.The first pathological biopsy report suggested triple-negative breast invasive carcinoma.Subsequent imaging revealed a nasopharyngeal mass.Further puncture biopsy of the nasopharyngeal mass,molecular pathological Epstein–Barr virus in situ hybridization,and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with breast metastasis.The patient did not undergo a mastectomy and achieved complete remission after chemotherapy and radiotherapy.She continued to receive oral chemotherapy as maintenance therapy and experienced no recurrence or metastasis during the 6-month follow-up period.CONCLUSION This case report suggests that breast specialists should carefully rule out secondary breast cancers when diagnosing and treating breast masses.Furthermore,clinicians should aim to identify the pathological type of the tumor to obtain the most accurate diagnosis and prevent excessive diagnosis and treatment.

Combined chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas

AIM:To provide efficacy and safety data about the combined use of radiotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS:We reviewed data of 40 patients with locally advanced NPC treated with induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemo-radiotherapy(CCRT)(22/40 patients)or CCRT alone(18/40)from March 2006 to March 2012.Patients underwent fiberoscopy with biopsy of the primitive tumor,and computed tomography scan of head,neck,chest and abdomen with and without contrast.Cisplatin was used both as induction and as concomitant chemotherapy,while 3D conformal radiation therapy was delivered to the nasopharynx and relevant anatomic regions(total dose,70 Gy).The treatment was performed using 6 MV photons of the linear accelerator administered in 2 Gy daily fraction for five days weekly.This retrospective analysis was approved by the review boards of the participating institutions.Patients gave their consent to treatment and to anonymous analysis of clinical data.RESULTS:Thirty-three patients were males and 7 were females.Median follow-up time was 58 mo(range,1-92 mo).In the sub-group of twenty patients with a follow-up time longer than 36 mo,the 3-year survival and disease free survival rates were 85%and 75%,respectively.Overall response rate both in patients treated with induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT and in those treated with CCRT alone was 100%.Grade 3 neutropenia was the most frequent acute side-effect and it occurred in 20 patients.Grade 2 mucositis was seen in 29 patients,while grade 2 xerostomia was seen in 30 patients.Overall toxicity was manageable and it did not cause any significant treatment delay.In the whole sample population,long term toxicity included grade 2 xerostomia in 22 patients,grade 1 dysgeusia in 17 patients and grade 1 subcutaneous fibrosis in 30 patients.CONCLUSION:Both CCRT and induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT showed excellent activity in locally advanced NPC.The role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains to be defined.

Induction chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

The value of adding induction chemotherapy(IC) to concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) for the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) remains unclear.In our recent article entitled "Induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a phase 3,multicentre,randomised controlled trial" published in the Lancet Oncology,we reported the results of a phase Ⅲ,multicenter,randomized controlled trial comparing cisplatin,5-fluorouracil,and docetaxel(TPF) IC plus CCRT versus CCRT alone in patients wit hT3-4N1/TxN2-3M0 NPC(Clinical Trials.gov registration number NCT01245959).The IC-plus-CCRT group showed significantly higher 3-year failure-free survival,overall survival,and distant failure-free survival rates than the CCRT-alone group,with an acceptable toxicity profile.Our study suggests that adding TPF IC to CCRT could increase survival rates and reduce distant failure in patients with locoregionally advanced NPC.However,long-term follow-up is required to assess the eventual efficacy and toxicity of this strategy,and a more accurate method to determine prognosis is needed to enable better tailoring of treatment strategy for individual patients.

Initial outcome of induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and concurrent weekly paclitaxel for stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer

Objective： The aim of our study was to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of induction chemotherapy （ICT） followed by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy （3D CRT） and concurrent weekly paclitaxel on unresectable non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： Stage III NSCLC patients with favorable conditions were treated with 2 to 4 cycles of carboplatin （AUC = 5-6, dl） combined with paclitaxel （175 mg/m〈 dl）, then followed by weekly paclitaxel （40 mg/m2） and concurrent 3D CRT within 3-4 weeks. The prescription dose was given as high as possible under the condition that V20 〈 31% and spinal cord dose 〈 50 Gy. Results： Thirty-one patients were enrolled. ICT was well tolerated. During the concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the treatment of 3 patients was ended ahead of the schedule because of severe pulmonary and heart toxicities; the treatment of 2 patients was delayed for 7 and 12 days because of fatigue. Myelosuppression was mild （16/31）： all were grade 1-2 except 1 was grade 3. Lymphocytopenia was more obvious （29/31, grade 3 in 21）. Three patients developed grade 3 radiation-induced esophagitis, and 2 developed grades 3-4 radiation-induced pneumonitis. Two developed grade 3 esophageal stricture. No grades 3-4 pulmonary fibrosis was observed. The overall response rate was 74.1%. The 1-, 2-, 3-year overall survival rates were 74.2%, 41.9%, and 34.6%, respectively, with the median survival time of 18.5 months. The 1-, 2-, 3-year local progression-freely survival rates were 64.5%, 32.3%, and 20.5%, respectively, with the median local progression-freely survival time of 14.3 months. Conclusion： The program of ICT followed by weekly paclitaxel and 3D CRT is accomplished in most of the favorable stage III NSCLC patients. The toxicity is tolerable, and the response rate is inspiriting.

桂滇黔地区局部晚期鼻咽癌同期放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗靶向治疗前瞻性临床研究

目的探究同期放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗靶向治疗桂滇黔交界地区局部晚期鼻咽癌患者的临床效果。方法选取2021年7月~2022年7月于右江民族医学院附属医院收治来自桂滇黔交界少数民族地区,经病理确诊的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者80例为本次研究对象,将其随机分为对照组(标准同期放化疗)和观察组(在对照组基础上联合尼妥珠单抗治疗),每组各40例。对比两组患者的肿瘤标志物水平、氧化应激指标、不良反应、并发症及近期临床疗效的变化情况。结果治疗后,两组患者的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、细胞角蛋白19片段(cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen21-1,CYFRA21-1)、鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen,SCCAg)、铁蛋白(serum ferritin,SF)水平明显降低,一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)明显升高;且观察组的SCCAg、SF、CYFRA21-1、NO、MDA水平较对照组低,SOD水平较对照组高(P<0.05)。与对照组比,观察组的客观缓解率明显上升(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组的并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论使用同期放化疗联合尼妥珠单抗治疗可有效改善桂滇黔交界少数民族地区局部晚期鼻咽癌患者近期生存率及临床疗效,调节肿瘤标志物及氧化应激水平,缓解病情。

和胃解毒方对食管鳞癌同步放化疗病人血清肿瘤相关因子、免疫因子的影响

目的:研究和胃解毒方对食管鳞癌(ESC)同步放化疗(CRT)病人血清肿瘤相关因子、免疫因子及炎性因子的影响。方法:选取ESC同步放化疗病人84例,按照随机数字表法将病人分为观察组和对照组,各42例。对照组行CRT治疗,观察组行CRT联合和胃解毒方治疗。观察2组治疗前后血清细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA 21-1)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC)、癌胚抗原(CEA)等肿瘤相关因子水平,血清CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)等TBNK淋巴细胞亚群水平,血清白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)等炎性因子水平及中医症候积分。结果:治疗后,观察组血清CYFRA 21-1、SCC、CEA水平较对照组低(P<0.01),观察组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均较对照组高,CD8^(+)水平较对照组低(P<0.01)。观察组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平明显较对照组低(P<0.01)。观察组中医症候积分较对照组低(P<0.01);结论:和胃解毒方应用于ESC CRT病人,可有效杀灭ESC细胞,降低肿瘤相关因子水平,改善免疫因子水平。

循环肿瘤细胞上细胞程序性死亡配体1表达对宫颈癌同步放化疗预后的评估价值

目的探讨循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)上细胞程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)表达对宫颈癌同步放化疗预后的评估价值。方法回顾性选取2021年6月至2023年12月入临汾市人民医院的60例宫颈癌患者,均经病理学确诊,CTC PD-L1经CytoSorter CTC系统测定。对宫颈癌病理特征与PD-L1^(+)CTC之间的相关性予以分析,并比较PD-L1^(+)CTC和PD-L1-CTC宫颈癌患者同步放化疗前后的无进展生存期(PFS),评估宫颈癌放化疗后PD-L1^(+)CTC数量对预后的评估价值。结果同步放化疗前后外周血CTC检出率及数量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。较同步放化疗前,宫颈癌患者同步放化疗后PD-L1^(+)CTC检出率更低(38.33%vs.56.67%),PD-L1^(+)CTC检出数量更少[(0.77±1.20)个vs.(1.27±1.51)个],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同步放化疗前,宫颈癌患者PD-L1^(+)CTC与肿瘤直径、FIGO分期、分化程度及淋巴结转移联系紧密(P<0.05)。同步放化疗后,宫颈癌患者PD-L1^(+)CTC表达水平与肿瘤直径、FIGO分期、分化程度及淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。PD-L1^(+)CTC患者的PFS短于PD-L1-CTC患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,局部晚期宫颈癌患者同步放化疗前后的CTC PD-L1表达水平均可作为PFS预后因素。结论宫颈癌放同步放化疗前后测定的CTC PD-L1表达水平可作为预后评估的辅助指标。

Famitinib in combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation Study

Background:Famitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor against multiple targets,including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/3,platelet-derived growth factor receptor,and stem cell factor receptor(c-kit).Previous studies have demonstrated anti-tumour activities of famitinib against a wide variety of advanced-stage solid cancers.We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of famitinib with concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).We also evaluated the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(D-CEUS)as a predictor of early tumour response to famitinib and to correlate functional parameters with clinical efficacy.Methods:The trial was conducted in subjects with stage III or IVa-b NPC using a 3+3 design of escalating fami-tinib doses.Briefly,subjects received 2 weeks of famitinib monotherapy followed by 7 weeks of famitinib plus CCRT.D-CEUS of the neck lymph nodes was performed at day 0,8 and 15 after famitinib was administered before starting concurrent chemoradiotherapy.End points included safety,tolerability and anti-tumour activity.Results:Twenty patients were enrolled(six each for 12.5,16.5 and 20 mg and two for 25 mg).Two patients in the 25 mg cohort developed dose-limiting toxicities,including grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 hypertension.The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were leukopenia,neutropenia and radiation mucositis.D-CEUS tests showed that more than 60%of patients achieved a perfusion parameter response after 2 weeks taking famitinib alone,and the parameter response was associated with disease improvement.In the famitinib monotherapy stage,three patients(15%)showed partial responses.The complete response rate was 65%at the completion of treatment and 95%3 months after the treatment ended.After a median follow-up of 44 months,the 3-year progression-free survival(PFS)and distant metastasis-free survival were 70%and 75%,respectively.Subjects with a decrease of perfusion parameter response,such as peak intensity decreased at least 30%after 1 week of famitinib treatment,had higher 3-year PFS(90.9%vs.44.4%,95%CI 73.7%-100%vs.11.9%-76.9%,P<0.001)than those with an increase or a reduction of less than 30%.Conclusions:The recommended famitinib dose for phase II trial is 20 mg with CCRT for patients with local advanced NPC.D-CEUS is a reliable and early measure of efficacy for famitinib therapies.Further investigation is required to confirm the effects of famitinib plus chemoradiotherapy.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly docetaxel versus cisplatin in the treatment of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a propensity score-matched analysis

Background:Promising efficacy and manageable toxicity of docetaxel-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)were reported in head and neck cancer.In addition,the effect of CCRT in combination with cisplatin and/or 5-fluorouracil on both locoregionally advanced and metastatic/recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)was verified.However,CCRT with docetaxel for locoregionally advanced NPC are not well studied.This study aimed to compare effectiveness and toxicities of CCRT with weekly docetaxel versus tri-weekly cisplatin for locoregionally advanced NPC.Methods:Clinical data of patients with locoregionally advanced NPC newly diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2014 receiving CCRT with either weekly docetaxel(15 mg/m2)or tri-weekly cisplatin(80-100 mg/m2)were reviewed.Propensity score matching at a 1:1 ratio was performed to balance baseline characteristics.Adverse events and survival were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 962 patients were included as the whole cohort,and 448 patients were matched and were regarded as the matched cohort.The median follow-up duration was 48 months for the whole cohort.The 3-year nodal recurrence-free survival rate was significantly increased for patients treated with docetaxel in both the whole(hazard ratio[HR]=0.37,95%confidence interval[CI]0.19-0.72,P=0.030)and matched cohorts(HR=0.33,95%CI 0.14-0.79,P=0.023).However,no significant differences were observed in overall survival,local recurrence-free survival,and distant metastasis-free survival between the two groups in both cohorts.Significantly higher rates of grade 3 radiodermatitis(6.7%vs.1.8%,P=0.001),mucositis(74.5%vs.37.9%,P<0.001),and leucopenia(2.2%vs.11.6%,P<0.001)were observed in the docetaxel group,but any grade of renal injury(1.8%vs.15.1%,P<0.001),vomiting(18.8%vs.88.3%,P<0.001),and ALT elevation(19.2%vs.31.3%,P=0.027)were more common in the cisplatin group.Conclusions:CCRT with weekly low-dose docetaxel is an effective and tolerable therapeutic regimen for locally advanced NPC.It provides a survival benefit mainly by improving the control of regional lymph node metastases,especially for patients with low pretreatment EBV DNA levels.

鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人营养不良风险预测模型的构建及验证

目的:建立并验证鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人营养不良风险预测模型。方法:2022年4月~2023年8月,便利选取广西医科大学第一附属医院放疗科收治的430例初治鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人作为研究对象,按入组先后顺序以7:3比例将其分为建模组300例和内部验证组130例,选取广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的61例初治鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人作为外部验证组。采用Logistic回归建立风险预测模型并绘制列线图,采用HosmerLemeshow、校准曲线及ROC验证模型拟合优度及预测效果,采用临床决策曲线评估临床效用。结果:Logstic回归分析显示,骨骼肌质量指数、自评焦虑量表评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量问卷评分、中国膳食宝塔评分、规律运动锻炼、消化系统症状群组是鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人发生营养不良的影响因素。建模组中ROC曲线下面积为0.853(95%CI:0.81~0.89),Youden最大值为0.600,对应的特异度为0.764、灵敏度为0.836。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验χ^(2)=4.040,P=0.853,表明模型具有良好的预测能力。校准曲线校显示模型的预测效果与实际概率拟合较好,平均绝对误差为0.024。临床决策曲线的阈值概率为0.05~0.85时,临床净收益率较高。内部验证组受试者操作曲线下面积为0.891,灵敏度为77.36%,特异度为89.61%,实际应用正确率84.62%。外部验证组受试者操作曲线下面积为0.886,灵敏度为76.00%,特异度为83.33%,总体正确率为80.33%。结论:本研究构建的风险预测模型效果较好,可有效预测鼻咽癌同步放化疗病人营养不良的发生率,为临床工作人员制订和实施营养干预措施提供参考依据。

放化疗前血红蛋白/血小板比值、C-反应蛋白/白蛋白比值与局部晚期鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗发生放射性骨坏死关系研究

目的:探讨放化疗前血红蛋白/血小板比值(HPR)、C-反应蛋白/白蛋白比值(CAR)与局部晚期鼻咽癌(LA-NPC)患者同步放化疗(CCRT)发生放射性骨坏死(ORN)的关系。方法:选取接受CCRT治疗的LA-NPC患者457例,CCRT前检测并计算HPR和CAR,CCRT后定期随访,统计ORN发生情况。根据是否发生ORN将患者分为ORN组(33例)和无ORN组(418例)。多因素Logistic回归分析LA-NPC患者CCRT后发生ORN的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析HPR和CAR对LA-NPC患者CCRT后发生ORN的预测价值。结果:457例患者失访6例,451例患者中33例发生ORN,ORN发生率为7.32%。ORN组TNM分期为ⅣA期、颅底侵犯、CCRT前或后拔牙、既往有牙科疾病、口腔卫生状况不佳比例高于无ORN组(均P<0.05)。ORN组HPR低于无ORN组,CAR高于无ORN组(均P<0.05)。CCRT前或后拔牙、口腔卫生状况、CAR及HPR是LA-NPC患者CCRT后发生ORN的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。HPR和CAR两者联合预测LA-NPC患者CCRT后发生ORN的AUC高于两者单独预测AUC(均P<0.05)。结论:CCRT后发生ORN的LA-NPC患者CCRT前HPR降低,CAR增高,两者与LA-NPC患者CCRT后发生ORN有关,对CCRT后ORN发生具有一定预测价值。

安罗替尼用于局部晚期鼻咽癌放化疗后辅助治疗的疗效观察

目的 分析局部晚期鼻咽癌患者行诱导化疗+同步放化疗后予口服安罗替尼辅助治疗的临床疗效及不良反应,为存在高危复发因素的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者找到一种有效的辅助治疗方法。方法 选择2018年1月至2019年12月广西科技大学第二附属医院(n=73)和来宾市人民医院(n=32)收治的局部晚期初治鼻咽癌患者进行研究。这些患者均为经2个周期TPF方案(多西他赛+氟尿嘧啶+顺铂)诱导化疗+顺铂单药同步放化疗后,有≥1项复发高危因素:治疗后未达完全缓解(complete response,CR)、Epstein-Barr病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)-DNA>100 copies/mL或者初始治疗前分期为T4或N3。105例患者随机分为安罗替尼辅助治疗组51例和观察组54例。安罗替尼辅助治疗组于同步放化疗结束后3周开始使用安罗替尼辅助治疗(餐前口服安罗替尼12 mg,1次/d,连续服用2周,停药1周;3周为1个周期),总共8个周期。观察组予观察。随访2年,比较两组患者2年生存情况,并分析安罗替尼辅助治疗组放化疗和安罗替尼相关不良反应。结果 安罗替尼辅助治疗组和观察组2年无失败生存(failure-free survival,FFS)率为94.1%和83.3%(P=0.023),2年无远处转移生存(distant metastasis-free survival,DMFS)率为98.1%和88.9%(P=0.015),2年总生存(overall survival,OS)率为98.1%和94.4%(P=0.081),2年无局部区域复发生存(locoregional relapse-free survival,LRFS)率为96.1%和92.5%(P=0.072)。安罗替尼相关不良反应主要为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的高血压、疲乏、食欲下降、手足综合征、口腔咽喉痛以及皮疹。经对症处理后,患者不良反应明显缓解。结论 对于局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,行诱导化疗+同步放化疗后再口服安罗替尼辅助治疗可提高患者2年FFS率,减少局部复发和转移率。部分患者出现安罗替尼相关不良反应,大多可耐受,可通过治疗缓解。

卡瑞利珠单抗联合吉西他滨联合顺铂方案同步放化疗治疗鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的观察卡瑞利珠单抗联合吉西他滨联合顺铂(GP)方案同步放化疗治疗鼻咽癌(NPC)的临床疗效,并分析联合治疗对NPC患者生存期的影响。方法选择2018年3月至2020年3月西安市北方医院收治的120例NPC患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法分为观察组与对照组,各60例。对照组给予GP方案同步放化疗治疗,观察组给予卡瑞利珠单抗联合GP方案同步放化疗治疗。治疗4个周期后,比较2组患者肿瘤缓解情况;全部患者均于治疗4个周期后随访2年,记录2组患者总生存期、无远处转移生存期、无局部复发生存期;并记录患者治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果治疗4个周期后,观察组总缓解率高于对照组(82%和63%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.058,P<0.05);2组随访2年期间,观察组病死3例(5%),远处转移6例(10%),局部复发9例(15%),对照组病死10例(17%),远处转移12例(20%),局部复发17例(28%);观察组总生存期、无局部复发生存期高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组各级不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论卡瑞利珠单抗联合GP方案同步放化疗能够有效提升NPC患者临床治疗效果,延长生存期,且不会增加不良反应发生风险。

同步放化疗联合早期综合营养治疗在局部晚期鼻咽癌中的应用价值

目的 探讨同步放化疗联合早期综合营养治疗在局部晚期鼻咽癌中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2020年12月在河南省肿瘤医院就诊的100例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,根据不同干预方式分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组同步放化疗和常规营养支持,观察组接受同步放化疗联合早期综合营养治疗方案,对比两组患者认知水平、干预前后营养状态、免疫功能和远期疗效。结果 观察组营养认知、食欲、功能和饮食配合评分高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组治疗前后人血白蛋白、血红蛋白的差值高于对照组(P <0.05)。两组患者治疗前后转铁蛋白的差值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组治疗前后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)的差值高于对照组(P <0.05)。两组患者治疗前后CD8^(+)的差值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组总生存率、疾病特异性生存率、无局部复发率和无远处转移生存率高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 局部晚期鼻咽癌患者予以同步放化疗联合早期营养治疗方案,可提高认知水平,减少疾病对营养状态和免疫功能的影响,对预后有明显改善作用。