Even though radiotherapy is a therapy of first choice in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, its radiotoxicity is often difficult to bear for patients in addition to the unsatisfactory effect in some patients. ...Even though radiotherapy is a therapy of first choice in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, its radiotoxicity is often difficult to bear for patients in addition to the unsatisfactory effect in some patients. Therefore, an important problem in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is to abate radiotherapeutic toxicity and improve its effect. Some progresses in promoting the effect of radiotherapy and abating its toxicity have been made through application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) which is briefly reviewed as follows.展开更多
Background and Objective: The primary submucous type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) or the recurrent NPC in the parapharyngeal space is difficult to be diagnosed histologically by conventional biopsy because of the...Background and Objective: The primary submucous type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) or the recurrent NPC in the parapharyngeal space is difficult to be diagnosed histologically by conventional biopsy because of the obstruction of the surrounding structures. This study was performed to evaluate the needle biopsy approach through the madibular area into the parapharyngeal space under the guidance of computed tomography (CT) for NPC. Methods: Between July 6, 2005 and October 23, 2009, a total of 6 patients were enrolled into the study. Two patients with cervical lymph node metastasis were clinically suspicious of NPC according to their clinical manifestations. However, no cancer cell could be found by repeated nasopharyngeal biopsies followed by histologic examinations. The other 4 patients were diagnosed with recurrent NPCs by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or/and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT scan, showing tumors in the parapharyngeal spaces in 3 patients and enlarged retropharyngeal lymph node in 1 patient. The CT-guided puncture was performed through the mandibular skin and the cutting needle biopsy was taken at the parapharyngeal space focus. Results: All the cutting needle biopsies of projected locations have been performed safely. Finally, all the 7 specimens met the requirement of pathologic diagnosis and the cases were all confirmed histologically to be NPCs. The main complication was mild ache at the puncture point. No blood vessel or nerve was injured and no patient needed special treatment. Conclusions: The CT-guided puncture biopsy of the parapharyngeal space through the mandibular area is simple and feasible. It can be an additional option for routine nasopharyngeal biopsy.展开更多
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(panNEN)are a heterogeneous group of tumors with differing pathological,genetic,and clinical features.Based on clinical findings,they may be categorized into functioning and nonfunct...Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(panNEN)are a heterogeneous group of tumors with differing pathological,genetic,and clinical features.Based on clinical findings,they may be categorized into functioning and nonfunctioning tumors.Adoption of the 2017 World Health Organization classification system,particularly its differentiation between grade 3,well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(panNET)and grade 3,poorly-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas(panNEC)has emphasized the role imaging plays in characterizing these lesions.Endoscopic ultrasound can help obtain biopsy specimen and assess tumor margins and local spread.Enhancement patterns on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)may be used to classify panNEN.Contrast enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging have been reported to be useful for characterization of panNEN and quantifying metastatic burden.Current and emerging radiotracers have broadened the utility of functional imaging in evaluating panNEN.Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)/CT and somatostatin receptor imaging such as Gallium-681,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid–octreotate PET/CT may be useful for improved identification of panNEN in comparison to anatomic modalities.These new techniques can also play a direct role in optimizing the selection of treatment for individuals and predicting tumor response based on somatostatin receptor expression.In addition,emerging methods of radiomics such as texture analysis may be a potential tool for staging and outcome prediction in panNEN,however further investigation is required before clinical implementation.展开更多
目的观察芪胶升白胶囊在鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗所致骨髓抑制中的治疗作用。方法 90例同步放化疗过程中出现骨髓抑制的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为3组,实验组:芪胶升白胶囊+重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colon...目的观察芪胶升白胶囊在鼻咽癌患者同步放化疗所致骨髓抑制中的治疗作用。方法 90例同步放化疗过程中出现骨髓抑制的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为3组,实验组:芪胶升白胶囊+重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,G-CSF);对照1组:利血生+G-CSF;对照2组:单独使用G-CSF,治疗同步放化疗所致骨髓抑制,比较其疗效及不良反应。结果治疗结束时,实验组与对照1、2组在骨髓保护方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);同步放化疗结束后,及结束后1、2周,实验组较对照1、2组骨髓抑制发生率明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且无不良反应。结论芪胶升白胶囊对于同步放化疗所致的白细胞下降治疗作用显著,同时可以起到较好的骨髓保护作用,且无明显不良反应,价格低廉,可作为放化疗骨髓抑制时的常规口服用药。展开更多
文摘Even though radiotherapy is a therapy of first choice in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, its radiotoxicity is often difficult to bear for patients in addition to the unsatisfactory effect in some patients. Therefore, an important problem in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is to abate radiotherapeutic toxicity and improve its effect. Some progresses in promoting the effect of radiotherapy and abating its toxicity have been made through application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) which is briefly reviewed as follows.
文摘Background and Objective: The primary submucous type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) or the recurrent NPC in the parapharyngeal space is difficult to be diagnosed histologically by conventional biopsy because of the obstruction of the surrounding structures. This study was performed to evaluate the needle biopsy approach through the madibular area into the parapharyngeal space under the guidance of computed tomography (CT) for NPC. Methods: Between July 6, 2005 and October 23, 2009, a total of 6 patients were enrolled into the study. Two patients with cervical lymph node metastasis were clinically suspicious of NPC according to their clinical manifestations. However, no cancer cell could be found by repeated nasopharyngeal biopsies followed by histologic examinations. The other 4 patients were diagnosed with recurrent NPCs by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or/and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT scan, showing tumors in the parapharyngeal spaces in 3 patients and enlarged retropharyngeal lymph node in 1 patient. The CT-guided puncture was performed through the mandibular skin and the cutting needle biopsy was taken at the parapharyngeal space focus. Results: All the cutting needle biopsies of projected locations have been performed safely. Finally, all the 7 specimens met the requirement of pathologic diagnosis and the cases were all confirmed histologically to be NPCs. The main complication was mild ache at the puncture point. No blood vessel or nerve was injured and no patient needed special treatment. Conclusions: The CT-guided puncture biopsy of the parapharyngeal space through the mandibular area is simple and feasible. It can be an additional option for routine nasopharyngeal biopsy.
文摘Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(panNEN)are a heterogeneous group of tumors with differing pathological,genetic,and clinical features.Based on clinical findings,they may be categorized into functioning and nonfunctioning tumors.Adoption of the 2017 World Health Organization classification system,particularly its differentiation between grade 3,well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(panNET)and grade 3,poorly-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas(panNEC)has emphasized the role imaging plays in characterizing these lesions.Endoscopic ultrasound can help obtain biopsy specimen and assess tumor margins and local spread.Enhancement patterns on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)may be used to classify panNEN.Contrast enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging have been reported to be useful for characterization of panNEN and quantifying metastatic burden.Current and emerging radiotracers have broadened the utility of functional imaging in evaluating panNEN.Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(PET)/CT and somatostatin receptor imaging such as Gallium-681,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid–octreotate PET/CT may be useful for improved identification of panNEN in comparison to anatomic modalities.These new techniques can also play a direct role in optimizing the selection of treatment for individuals and predicting tumor response based on somatostatin receptor expression.In addition,emerging methods of radiomics such as texture analysis may be a potential tool for staging and outcome prediction in panNEN,however further investigation is required before clinical implementation.
