Metabolism of Glucotropaeolin from Tropaeolum majus L.(Nasturtium)and the Bioavailability of Benzyl-Isothiocyanates in Growing Pigs

Tropaeolum majus L. is widely known as a medicinal plant in human medicine. It belongs to the Tropaeolaceae which contains mustard oil glycosides like cruciferous plants. In the case of T. majus, the intact glucosinolate glucotropaeolin showed no biological activity, but their degradation products, the isothiocyanates, did. The substances are thought to be enriched in the urinary bladder and the lungs, the active sites to develop their antimicrobial effectiveness. In animal nutrition these effects are of interest in sow management and piglet rearing. Therefore, the kinetics of benzyl-isothiocyanat (BITC) in plasma and the excretion with pig urine in response to nasturtium supplementation at different dosing regimens and galenic forms were examined. Four different groups with catheterized pigs were studied. The animals received the T. majus in different dosages (2.3, 6.9 and 13.4 mg GTL/kg BW) and different galenic forms (enteric coated tablets, pulverized tablets and powder) admixed to the feed ration as single bolus to the morning feeding. Blood and urine samples were collected within 24 h after nasturtium intake and analyzed for free BITC. The results indicated that the enteric coating was not effective in animal feeding. The concentration of BITC in tablet fed pigs was lower compared to animals fed powder or pulverized tablets. The bio-availability of the tablets was only 45% within 24 h relative to pulverized tablets. Nevertheless, the tablets could have some advantages in terms of the handling, the stability of the active substance and the dosing. Furthermore, it could be shown that all dosages yielded concentrations in urine and plasma, which can be considered to have an antimicrobial effect.

Phytochemical Screening, Extraction of Essential Oils and Antioxidant Activity of Five Species of Unconventional Vegetables

Unconventional vegetables, in general, are plants that have been largely consumed by the population at some point and, because of changes in eating behavior, now present reduced economic and social expression and have lost ground to other vegetables. The objectives of this study were to perform phytochemical screening of the ethanol extracts of Rumex acetosa L., Tropaeolum majus L., Solanum muricatum, Stachys byzantina K. Koch and Solanum betaceum Cav. and evaluate their antioxidant potentials via the methods involving scavaging of the DPPH free radical and the ABTS radical, phosphomolybdenum and reducing power. In phytochemical screening, five species of unconventional vegetables tested positive for tannins;for sesquiterpene, lactones and other lactones. These tests were positive for Tropaeolum majus L. and Rumex acetosa L., Solanum betaceum Cav. and Solanum muricatum tested negative for steroids. Only Solanum betaceum Cav. gave positive tests for flavonoids. Among the five plant species studied, Stachys byzantina K. Koch presented the greatest antioxidant potential in all the methods evaluated.

旱金莲自交亲和性初步研究

对上海市农业科学院选育的22份旱金莲材料(高代自交,F_(6))的园艺性状和自交亲和性进行初步探索。结果表明:相较于自然自花授粉和自然同株异花授粉,人工同株异花授粉可以显著提高旱金莲的自交亲和性。无论是田间种植还是花盆种植,在开花Ⅱ期(开花后雌蕊柱头三分叉)对旱金莲进行人工同株异花授粉均可提高旱金莲的自交亲和性。自交亲和指数聚类分析表明:22份旱金莲材料可分为5组,其中第Ⅰ组和第Ⅳ组的自交亲和指数均大于0.9,可作为后续杂交育种的重要种质资源。该研究可为旱金莲优良自交系和新品种的选育奠定基础。

旱金莲药学研究概况

在广泛进行文献检索的基础上,综述了旱金莲的种属、成分、药理、临床应用,为深入开发利用提供参考依据。

山西产金莲花总黄酮及3种黄酮苷含量的测定

目的:测定山西产金莲花总黄酮及3种黄酮苷的含量。方法:紫外分光光度法测定金莲花总黄酮的含量,检测波长500nm。高效液相色谱法测定金莲花3种黄酮苷的含量,色谱柱为Alltima TM C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-水(B)梯度洗脱,流速为1.0m L/min,柱温为室温;检测波长360nm。结果:金莲花总黄酮在8.44-42.20μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.86%,RSD为1.42%;荭草苷、牡荆苷、槲皮素的进样量分别在0.40-4.00μg、0.036-0.360μg、0.032-0.320μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.65%、99.80%、99.13%,RSD分别为0.78%、1.20%、1.49%。结论:本方法简单准确,重复性好,适用于金莲花总黄酮及3种黄酮苷的含量测定。