Preface to the Special Issue on the “Observation,Prediction and Analysis of severe Convection of China”(OPACC) National “973” Project

China is a country that is frequently affected by severe convective weather. Here, severe convective weather mainly refers to intense local heavy precipitation, thunderstorm-induced gale-force winds including those from tornadoes and downbursts, and hail and lightning. These types of severe weather are usually small in spatial scale and rapid in their development, and are therefore difficult to capture by observational networks and are poorly resolved in typical operational numerical weather prediction （NWP） models. Furthermore, many of the important dynamic and physical processes involved are not well understood. Within China, the impacts of severe convective weather rank only after those of landfalling typhoons and widespread heavy precipitation and flooding. Studies （e.g., Zhang and Zhai, 2011） have shown tendencies for an increased frequency in short-duration extreme precipitation during the past several decades over most of eastern China, where the population is most dense. An in-depth understanding of severe convective weather in China, as well as being able to accurately predict it, is clearly of great importance.

ZTE Wins National IPTV Project in Belarus

ZTE Corporation (ZTE), a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, successfully penetrates the Eastern European IPTV market by sealing an IPTV project contract with the Republican Unitary Telecommunication Enterprise (RUE) Beltelecom, a National Telecommunications Operator of the Republic of Belarus, in April 2008.

A Millimeter-Wave Radio Telescope Project at Seoul National University

The Department of Astronomy at Seoul National University is carrying out a project to build a radio observatory, the Seoul Radio Astronomical Observatory (SRAO). The observatory will be constructed on our campus, which is located at sea level in Seoul, Korea, at (126°57.′3E, 37°27.′1N). The observatory will operate a 6 m millimeter radio telescope.

ZTE Selected by BelTelecom for GPON National Broadband Network Project

ZTE Corporation announced on May 30, 2011 that it had won BelTelecom＇s national broadband network project in Belarus.

ANTEL Selects ZTE for Uruguay National GPON Project

On September 19,2011, ZTE Corporation, a publicly-listed global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced it has been selected by the Administracion Nacional de Telecomunicaciones （ANTEL） to assist in providing 300,000 subscribers in the country with a gigabit passive optical network （GPON）. The tender was one of the largest ever put out in South America.

LIRR's Project of “Study on Spalling Mechanism Mechanism of Dense Refractory Castables by Rapid Heating-up” Being Obtained the Support from National Natural Natural Science Foundation of China

LIRR＇s Priject of ＂Research on Spalling Mechanism Due to Rapid Heating-up of Dense Refractory Castables＂ declared by Wang Zhanmin,vice-president of LIRR,will gain the fund support from National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2011.

Investment Projects in Dangshan——The National Ecological Agriculture County

Dangshan County is situated in the mostnortherly part of Anhui Province, acontiguous area of fourprovinces(Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan andAnhui) and six counties(Fengxian, Shanxian,Yucheng, Xiayi, Yongcheng and Xiaoxian).The County is named after Mount Mangdangand Mount Dangshan in the territory. TheLonghai Railway and National Highway 310pass through in parallel the central part of thecounty area, and the ancient Yellow Rivercourse lies in the northern part of the country,extending a hundred li(50 km). The totalland area of the county is 1192.94 sq km, ofwhich the cultivated land area is 904 thousandmu. 650 thousand mu of orchards cover thefields linking to the villages. It is major

First Batch of Topics of “Key Technical Standard Promotion Project” tarted,270 Important National Standards or Professional Standards Will Be Prepared

At the first working meeting of the 'Key Technical Standard PromotionProject', an important project of the national scientific and technical support plan during the'11th Five Year' held recently in Beijing, the first group of 11 research topics for the 'KeyTechnical Standard Promotion Project' was formally introduced. According to Ms. Yu Xinli, who is incharge of the project as Deputy Director of the China National Institute of Standardization, theproject comprises four aspects: the international standards key breakthrough project, the technicalstandards promotion project of adapting technical trade measures, the technical standards innovationproject of basic public welfare, and the technical standard enhancement project of public security.

Interpretations of Key Points of National Nursing Developmental Project from 2016 to 2020

National Nursing Developmental Project from 2016 to 2020 w as printed and published by General Office of National Health and Family Planning Commission to further accelerate the development of medical nursing so as to meet the healthy requirements of the masses.This paper aimed to interpret the key points of the project from the aspects of excellent achievements in medical nursing development during the 12thFive-Year Plan,opportunities and challenges in nursing development during the 13thFive-Year Plan,guiding thought and primary principles,as w ell as the developmental targets,the primary assignments,the key projects and the supporting measures in the 13thFive-Year Plan,so as to provide the latest important information for nurses and patients w ith special requirements,and to improve nurses’professional nursing quality and capacity in medical nursing profession.

National trends in resection of the distal pancreas

AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP,2005-2010),and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER,2003-2009) databases using appropriate diagnostic and procedural codes we identified all patients with a diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of the body and/or tail of the pancreas that had undergone a partial or distal pancreatectomy.Utilization of laparoscopy was defined in NIS by the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision correspondent procedure code;and in NSQIP by the exploratory laparoscopy or unlisted procedure current procedural terminology codes.In SEER,patients were identified by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology,Third Edition diagnosis codes and the SEER Program Code Manual,third edition procedure codes.We analyzed the databases with respect to trends of inpatient outcome metrics,oncologic outcomes,and hospital volumes in patients with lesions of the neck and body of the pancreas that underwent operative resection.RESULTS:NIS,NSQIP and SEER identified 4242,2681 and 11 082 DP resections,respectively.Overall,laparoscopy was utilized in 15%(NIS) and 27%(NSQIP).No significant increase was seen over the course of the study.Resection was performed for malignancy in 59%(NIS) and 66%(NSQIP).Neither patient Body mass index nor comorbidities were associated with operative approach(P = 0.95 and P = 0.96,respectively).Mortality(3% vs 2%,P = 0.05) and reoperation(4% vs 4%,P = 1.0) was not different between laparoscopy and open groups.Overall complications(10% vs 15%,P < 0.001),hospital costs [44 741 dollars,interquartile range(IQR) 28 347-74 114 dollars vs 49 792 dollars,IQR 13 299-73 463,P = 0.02] and hospital length of stay(7 d,IQR 4-11 d vs 7 d,IQR 6-10,P < 0.001) were less when laparoscopy was utilized.One and two year survival after resection for malignancy were unchanged over the course of the study(ductal adenocarinoma 1-year 63.6% and 2-year 35.1%,P = 0.53;intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and nueroendocrine 1-year 90% and 2-year 84%,P = 0.25).The majority of resections were performed in teaching hospitals(77% NIS and 85% NSQIP),but minimally invasive surgery(MIS) was not more likely to be used in teaching hospitals(15% vs 14%,P = 0.26).Hospitals in the top decile for volume were more likely to be teaching hospitals than lower volume deciles(88% vs 43%,P < 0.001),but were no more likely to utilize MIS at resection.Complication rate in teaching and the top decile hospitals was not significantly decreased when compared to non-teaching(15% vs 14%,P = 0.72) and lower volume hospitals(14% vs 15%,P = 0.99).No difference was seen in the median number of lymph nodes and lymph node ratio in N1 disease when compared by year(P = 0.17 and P = 0.96,respectively).CONCLUSION:There appears to be an overall underutilization of laparoscopy for DP.Centralization does not appear to be occurring.Survival and lymph node harvest have not changed.

Studies on China graphene research based on the analysis of National Science and Technology Reports

The study tries to reveal the situation and development trends of China's graphene research utilizing National Science and Technology Reports(NSTR) as the new data resource. Findings show a continual increase of graphene projects sponsored by the government. Most of them are from the National Basic Research Program of China and the National High-tech R&D Program,which reflects mainly aiming for breakthroughs of China's graphene research in major frontier fields and promoting industrial competitiveness. As a new material in nanometer area,the graphene research mainly focuses on nanometer research area. Besides,it has also involved more in the promising applications,such as advanced energy technology,biological and medical technology,testing and analytical instrument technology,etc. Major players are universities and research institutes,and they have collaborated a lot. Few enterprises have played an important role in the collaboration network,so China's graphene research is still mainly in the basic research step. Key scholars with their research interests have been revealed.

Soft Power and National Identity in Chinese International Promotion

Rather that cultural hegemony,soft power,as a part and parcel of comprehensive national power,has been paid more and more attention by China so as to get more discourse right and power in international diplomatic relationships to foster a peaceful external environment.This paper focuses on why China highlights soft power,how China strengthens it soft power through Chinese international promotion,and what is role Chinese international promotion has paid.

Building the Three Gorges Project for the Chinese Nation—An Interview with General Manager Lu Youmei, China Yangtze River Three Gorges Project Development Corporation

The Yangtze River has nurtured the fertile land on both its banks and hundreds of millions of Chinese people. but its raging waters have also wreaked havoc on the people living in its reaches. Since the founding of New China, large-scale surveys, planning, scientific research and feasibility studies have been carried out in an effort to harness the

The Role of Blockchain in E-Governance and Decision-Making in Project and Program Management

This paper discusses the impact of e-governance powered by blockchain in the project and program management industry. With the rise in technological innovations, many countries have turned to e-governance for efficiency in service delivery, transparency, and decision-making. E-governance backed by blockchain technology entails improving the public services provision by implementing structures of information and communication technologies. There are many challenges with the traditional project management approach that causes organizations and its stakeholders’ cost and time. Thus, the introduction of blockchain has given many organizations a new approach to adopt in order to eliminate the challenges associated with the typical project management approach. In spite of the cutting-edge technology of blockchain and its broad applications in program management and e-governance, there are still many challenges that restrain its adoption on a broader scale. The research discusses the challenges of the blockchain deployment in the program management field and e-governance in private and government sectors and it highlights the efforts put by both sectors to make use of the technology. Also, the research covers the opportunities and the advantages of a blockchain adoption in various segments. The paper uses various case studies in the UAE, in both private and government sectors, and a qualitative research approach was implemented. The case studies were on government entities such as Smart Dubai and the Ministry of Health Prevention and also private entities like DP World and Emirates NBD. The paper concludes with recommendations and solutions on how to maximize the benefit of blockchain in the program management industry and how it is improving the decision-making process.

国家水网工程建设投融资金融政策工具供给研究

投融资机制是保障国家水网工程顺利实施、助力水利高质量发展的关键。在系统总结国家水网布局与建设现状成效的基础上,从政府与市场、中央与地方、项目经济属性与投融资工具特点等方面深入剖析国家水网工程建设投融资的内在矛盾。发现现有投融资方式仍存在财政投资结构不够优化、社会资本参与不够深入、新型投融资工具应用不够完善、多主体参与合作不够协同等问题,提出更好发挥政府主导作用、充分发挥市场机制作用、探索投建营一体化模式、健全多元主体协调机制、深化用水权制度和水价形成机制改革、完善投融资监管机制等政策建议。

国家重大项目管理应用技术就绪度评价的实施方案及优化——基于“工厂化农业关键技术与智能农机装备”国家重点专项的案例研究

技术就绪度(TRL)评价是建立在项目分解结构和关键技术元素识别基础上的,强调了技术在不同发展阶段之间的转化,能够更直观展现专项实施进展和目标完成情况,并通过进一步丰富技术研发各阶段的评价细则创新项目管理。现阶段已经形成了比较成熟的TRL9级定义,但以应用于工业领域为主,在管理层面衡量科技项目的成效尚未涉及。鉴于此,结合“工厂化农业关键技术与智能农机装备”国家重点专项的项目特点开展TRL管理方法案例研究。梳理TRL概念发展和国内外研究与应用状况,系统梳理“原理构想—技术验证—模拟环境测试—实际应用”这一研发链条,从TRL审查组、被评单位和评价对象3个关键要素入手,从技术指标、技术成果与创新性指标、应用指标3个维度构建覆盖技术、技术成果与创新性评估及应用效能的技术就绪度评价体系,并在考量评价组织机构的运作特性基础上,运用专家咨询法设计技术就绪度评价流程,分别从技术就绪度审查组和被评单位两个层面形成操作规范,构建符合该专项特点的TRL一般标准、TRL指标体系、评级要点参考指标,最终建立“工厂化农业关键技术与智能农机装备”重点专项项目的技术就绪度管理方法。根据所提出的TRL评价实施方案,进一步从开展农业领域应用试点和推广、加强评价方法普及和操作培训、促进与其他项目管理方法有效融合以及加快信息化应用和技术开发等方面,思考提出促进TRL在科技项目管理中高质量实施的建议。

数字人文档案与国家记忆工程的相互关系与作用研究

探讨“数字人文档案”概念的内涵及意义,剖析数字人文档案与国家记忆工程之间的关系和相互作用,为相关领域的研究和实践提供理论指导和方法支持。通过文献综述和理论分析的方法,全面系统地探讨数字人文档案与国家记忆工程的相互关系和作用。提出“数字人文档案”的内涵是将数字人文成果以档案的形式进行保存、管理和利用,并分析了数字人文档案与国家记忆工程对记忆资源维护的相互促进关系。