Studies on China graphene research based on the analysis of National Science and Technology Reports

The study tries to reveal the situation and development trends of China's graphene research utilizing National Science and Technology Reports(NSTR) as the new data resource. Findings show a continual increase of graphene projects sponsored by the government. Most of them are from the National Basic Research Program of China and the National High-tech R&D Program,which reflects mainly aiming for breakthroughs of China's graphene research in major frontier fields and promoting industrial competitiveness. As a new material in nanometer area,the graphene research mainly focuses on nanometer research area. Besides,it has also involved more in the promising applications,such as advanced energy technology,biological and medical technology,testing and analytical instrument technology,etc. Major players are universities and research institutes,and they have collaborated a lot. Few enterprises have played an important role in the collaboration network,so China's graphene research is still mainly in the basic research step. Key scholars with their research interests have been revealed.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

The Evolution of China’s National Innovation System During the 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

From the perspective of economic system transformations and scientific and technological system reforms, this paper investigates the evolution of China’s national innovation system (NIS) during the 40 years of reform and opening up. It concludes that China’s NIS has evolved from weak to strong, from a follower groping its way onto the track of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics. China’s innovation system has experienced a trajectory from “introduction and imitation of complete sets of technology” to “market for technology and imitative innovation,” to “integrated and secondary innovation” and on to “integrated, secondary, collaborative and original innovation combined.” The path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics is a natural choice of economic, societal, and technological development in the new era.

DEVELOPING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TO INVIGORATE THE CHINESE NATION

Owing to the rapid and vigorous development of science and technology,the world today is entering a period of profound changes in both the economy and society. The information society and intelligent age are approaching.Information is being communicated by computers,optical fibers and satellites to every comer of the world,breaking down all the barriers and restrictions and involving individuals, enterprises, regions and countries into the world market, which is intensely competitive, turbulent and fluctuating. Operation at

ANNUAL WORKING REPORT OF CAS DIVISION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES (Abridged)

Ⅰ. TWO YEARS’ WORK IN RETROSPECT 1. The 1955 By-election of CAS Membership At the annual session of the standing committee of our Division held in July 1995, some problems concerning the by-election were discussed. At the meeting, a resolution on the "Methods for appraisal and election of candidates of CAS membership for technological sciences" was examined and adopted,in addition to a plenary decision on some other matters. At another plenary session of the

面向应用场景的前沿技术识别方法

[研究目的]场景驱动创新是引领产业结构升级的关键路径,如何基于不同场景识别前沿技术成为推动新质生产力发展的重要议题。[研究方法]提出了一种面向应用场景的前沿技术识别方法。首先以专利、论文为数据源,基于前瞻性、先导性、探索性、颠覆性指标体系初步筛选前沿技术主题;其次以科技报告为数据源,基于技术-关系-技术(Technology-Relationship-Technology,TRT)结构的语义分析,分析技术应用场景;最后,构建专利、论文数据与科技报告的相似性矩阵,建立技术与场景识别结果的关联,据此进一步筛选前沿技术主题,并结合专家知识,识别出面向应用场景的前沿技术主题,提供了场景驱动实践探索的新方法。[研究结果/结论]以无人机目标识别与跟踪领域为例进行实证研究,在面向情报、监视与侦察(Intelligence,Surveillance,and Reconnaissance,ISR)、物资运输、医疗补给等14个应用场景的前沿技术识别结果显示,目标识别与跟踪算法设计、视觉系统与图像处理技术、任务规划技术、无线通信技术4项技术为该领域的前沿技术,验证了该识别方法的可行性与有效性。

教育、科技、人才一体化布局下高校有组织科研的治理创新

高校是构建教育、科技、人才一体化布局的关键一环。通过对一体化布局的体系构成、结构逻辑与网络特征进行考察和分析,指出高校科技创新是推进教育、科技、人才一体化建设的重要结合点。回顾和总结党的十八大以来党领导高校科技创新取得的历史性进展与宝贵经验,指出有组织科研将引发高校科技创新的深刻变革。作为大学治理的重要组成部分,加快高校科技创新治理结构的网络化育成,是推动和实现高校有组织科研治理创新的前提和基础。在新时代新征程上,应从充分发挥新型举国体制优势、全面提升高校科技创新体系整体效能、构建以“人”为中心的科技创新治理体系等方面着手,探索以治理创新推进高校有组织科研的实践进路。

体育产业领域新质生产力的生成机理、引领作用与培育方略

体育产业领域新质生产力是实现体育强国战略目标的关键驱动力。基于马克思主义政治经济学理论,深入分析体育产业领域新质生产力的内涵特征、生成机理及其引领作用,并提出相应的培育方略。认为:体育产业领域新质生产力是通过新的体育生产过程及其创新性社会结合并由此实现新价值增长的先进新质生产力,其生成和发展遵循技术革命性突破、生产要素创新性配置和产业深度转型升级的“技术—要素—产业”传导路径,这一过程将推动体育产业发展理念、发展目标、发展主体、发展方式和发展体系产生巨大转变,驱动体育产业由过去的粗放式增长向集约发展过渡、从规模扩张转向重视质量效益、从依赖政府扶持转向企业主导、从资源依赖转向创新要素协调以及从传统产业体系向现代化体系过渡。为此,提出贯穿绿色发展理念、释放数据要素潜能、加强体育科技创新、加大人才培养力度、构建现代产业体系等举措,为培育体育产业领域新质生产力提供思路和方法。

新质战斗力背景下大模型赋能国防科技创新路径预测研究

[目的/意义]国防科技创新助力新质战斗力发展已成为我国战略需求,有效预测国防科技创新路径对于切实提高国防科技创新能力、打造我国新质战斗力具有重要意义。[方法/过程]针对国防科技创新突变性、不确定性与高风险性特征,文章根据国防科技创新路径预测核心要素,构建大模型赋能国防科技创新路径预测逻辑框架,利用军事需求识别、军工企业关键技术预测与创新政策挖掘子模型,对国防科技创新路径预测进行理论分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,大模型能够有效预测国防科技的发展趋势和关键技术突破点,为国防科技创新决策提供科学依据,切实推动新质生产力与新质战斗力深度融合。

搭建跨越科技成果转化“死亡之谷”桥梁——论国家大学科技园的职能定位

科技成果转化是连接科技创新与经济社会发展的关键桥梁,而国家大学科技园作为这一桥梁的重要组成部分,具有独特的优势和潜力。然而,现实中大学科技园却面临着科技属性缺失、大学属性不明显、服务区域经济偏离成果转化主线等问题。本文旨在深入分析国家大学科技园的现状与未来定位,提出深化其机制体制创新策略,并强化其桥梁作用,以期推动科技成果的高效转化和区域经济的创新发展。

Science Writer:一款基于网络技术的互动式研究报告撰写工具——以卡通代理人黄狗“Max”的研究报告撰写为例

研究报告的撰写能力是中小学生各学科和综合实践活动学习的必备能力,但目前我国在中小学生研究报告撰写能力的培养方面还存在许多问题。为此,文章引入了一款在美国较为成熟的基于网络技术的互动式研究报告撰写工具——Science Writer。文章首先介绍了Science Writer工具的结构组成及其在研究报告初稿、修改和校对三个环节撰写时的应用;随后以卡通代理人黄狗“Max”的研究报告撰写为例,分析了此工具的具体应用过程;最后梳理了此工具的应用特点和存在的问题,以期为我国中小学生研究报告撰写工具的开发提供参考。

Structure of National Science and Technology Competitiveness: A Methodological and Empirical Study

This paper clearly defines the concepts of the national competitiveness,the national S&T competitiveness,and the national S&T competitiveness structure.It develops an evaluation framework with three dimensions:the national S&T competitive potential,the national S&T competitive strength and the national S&T competitive effectiveness.This paper proposes a structure analysis method and depicts the national S&T competitiveness structure of 35 countries in an empirical research.Apart from the definitions and the structure analysis method,this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)In the one-dimensional national S&T competitiveness structure,the top 5 countries were all developed countries in 2015,while the developing countries generally performed better than developed countries considering the average annual growth rate of the national S&T competitiveness index.The 35 countries are clustered into 4 categories using the two-dimensional structure analysis method.For example,based on the ranking of the national S&T competitive strength index and the national S&T competitive effectiveness index of the 35 countries in 2015,the 35 countries are clustered into four categories:high-strength and higheffectiveness,low-strength and high-effectiveness,low-strength and low-effectiveness,and high-strength and low-effectiveness.(2)To a large extent,there is a significant correlation between the national S&T competitiveness index score and the GDP per capita value.And to a certain extent,there is some correlation between the national S&T competitiveness index score and the GDP value.Moreover,under the background of strength and effectiveness combination,or under the background of strength and potential combination,the national S&T competitiveness structure and GDP or GDP per capita show significant relationship.

News: Environmental scientists receive National Science and Technology Awards

China’s major achievements in science and technology were publically recognized and celebrated at a recent National Science and Technology Award Conference, held in Beijing on January 8,2019. The National Preeminent Science and Technology Award,the top award, was presented by President Xi Jinping to two outstanding scientists.

Congratulations to 2018 National Science and Technology Awards winners!

Recently, the National Science and Technology Awards Conference held in Beijing on January 2019, we would like to express our sincerest congratulations to the following researchers winning the 2018 national award in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Xiao wei, A jiye and their team won the second prize in the 2018 National Award for Technological Invention.

Study on the Layout of China's National Strength in Strategic Science and Technology Based on the Shift-Share Analysis of Manufacturing Sector

The national strength in strategic science and technology is one of the key terms elaborated in the Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),highlighting its strategic significance for the manufacturing sector in enhancing China'sinternational competitiveness and overall innovation performance.Based on the shift-share analysis,significant regional disparities are noted in the distribution of national strength in strategic science and technology in the manufacturing sector in China.The northeast China region and the Yellow River middle reaches comprehensive economic region exhibit the highest industry mix effect in talent structure and in R&D structure.Furthermore,the computer and office equipment manufacturing industry shows a large spatial shift,indicating that the industry mix and spatial distribution of high-tech industries in China need urgent optimization.A comparison of international experiences in the building of national strength in strategic science and technology reveals that China faces problems such as imbalance of investment contributors,insufficient innovation synergy,and weak R&D domains.Therefore,it is necessary to apply a systemic approach to planning comprehensively for advancing the national strength in strategic science and technology.To this end,the immediate task is to mobilize national strategic scientific and technological capabilities to create a collaborative innovation complex.

Congratulations from Prof.Han Qi-de,Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology

It is of my great pleasure to learn that the Third World Integrative Medicine Congress is about to be held in Guangzhou. rm writing to express my highest congratulations to the successful opening of the congress, as well as my cordial welcome to the experts and scholars around the world.

基于历史唯物主义视域的新质生产力:内涵、形成条件与有效路径

习近平总书记提出新质生产力这一概念,不仅对东北全面振兴具有重要指导意义,对我国实现经济高质量发展和中国式现代化也具有重大战略意义。新质生产力是由于生产力构成要素的质的不断提升而呈现出来的更为先进的生产力形式。新质生产力在本质上属于马克思主义的生产力范畴,具有实践性、全面性、发展性的性质。新质生产力外显于生产力的构成要素上,这些构成要素质量的提升即“劳动者”素质的持续提升、劳动资料的改进与广泛应用、劳动对象的不断扩张、科学技术的突飞猛进、管理水平的显著提升等,形成了孕育新质生产力的条件。依据新质生产力的形成条件,新质生产力的形成路径主要有:一是通过提升教育质量、培育世界一流企业、促进产业发展以培育高质量的“劳动者”;二是深入实施创新驱动发展战略以提升劳动资料及科学技术这两个要素的质量;三是建设超大规模的全国统一大市场以实现劳动对象的扩展;四是加强党的领导与培育企业家精神以实现企业管理的变革。

中-美创新体系:演变历程、影响因素及启示

过去几十年,中美两国科技经贸合作共同塑造了“中-美创新体系”。中美创新体系正在经历从“互补型”转向“竞争型”,甚至在部分领域出现“斗争型”倾向。这种转型既有技术革命、数字化转型和地缘政治导致的不稳定“分离”,也有科技发展规律、世界经济结构、市场机制和全球挑战等催生的“双赢”与合作的稳定因素。从技术革命引发的经济周期看,中美创新体系内部围绕科技创新而产生的制度冲突、调整、适应仍将持续。保持中美创新体系的稳定和发展,有利于双方,也有利于全球经济复苏和创新发展。对此,双方应着眼长远,坚持开放、合作、包容等原则,从促进创新主体互动、创新资源开放等方面共同促进体系良性发展。

科技报告政策细粒度知识图谱构建及应用研究

[目的/意义]科技报告作为我国重要的科技信息资源,不断促进国家的科技创新发展。构建科技报告政策细粒度知识图谱,并探讨其应用价值,对了解、制定和优化相关的政策,保证科技报告质量,提升科技报告工作效率,促进国家科技创新具有重要意义。[方法/过程]收集并整理近10年的科技报告政策,深入挖掘其基本信息和政策文本内容,利用SciAIEngine、Excel、Gephi等工具进行细粒度知识分类聚类,构建科技报告政策细粒度知识图谱。依据政策之间的细粒度知识关联情况,探究图谱在科技报告政策领域的应用价值。[结果/结论]细粒度知识图谱可用于科技报告政策的知识查询、知识统计和内容聚类分析,还可为政策优化提供一定的依据,未来可在科技报告制度建设、科技资源共享、知识产权保护和国家科技报告服务系统方面继续探究。研究虽有所不足,但对未来研究仍有一定的帮助与启发。