Calculating densities and viscosities of natural gas with a high content of C_(2+) to predict two-phase liquid-gas flow pattern

The paper is devoted to the two-phase flow simulation.The gas-condensate mixture flow in a horizontal pipe under high pressure is considered.The influence of the equation of state(EOS)choice for mixture properties modelling on the flow regime calculation results is studied for gas with high content of methane homologues.An analytical overview of the methods to predict the flow pattern is provided.Based on this analysis,two techniques are selected.For these techniques,values of density and viscosity for each phase are required.Density calculation for the gas phase is performed with Van der Waals based EOS.The propriate EOS is selected based on studies of calculation errors for test mixtures.Calculation of liquid phase density is done by means of Patela-Teja and Guo-Du equations,two different models are considered for viscosity estimation.The flow patterns of gas-condensate mixture in a range of temperatures and pressures are calculated and verified via probability map.The results of study allow to recommend the Brusilovsky EOS for calculation of densities for similar gas mixtures and make more rigorous flow regime evaluation.The probability map shows that for the chosen composition and parameters of media the flow pattern is mostly transitional between segregated and annular independent from EOS.

The construction of technical standard system for ultra deep and high sour gas fields in Northeast Sichuan

To deal with the exploitation difficulties of gas fields in Northeast Sichuan with deep marine strata, after researching the relative standards domestic and abroad extensively, summarizing and promoting the successful experiences and failure lessons of project construction technology application scientifically, Sinopec has established an integrated technical standard system for the exploration and development of ultra deep and high sour gas fields. The system consists of 51 enterprise standards and covers 7 professions including geophysical prospecting, drilling, drilling log, well logging, gas formation test and production, sour gas gathering and transferring system, and HSE (health,safety,environment). It guides and guarantees the safe, high-quality and high-efficiency project construction effectively by means of enhancing the engineering design criterion, recommending the data processing and interpretation methods, identifying the requirements of operation and field inspection and standardizing the application of technical equipments.

Ni-Al mixed metal oxide with rich oxygen vacancies: CO methanation performance and density functional theory study

Ni-Al mixed metal oxides have been successfully prepared by high shear mixer(HSM)and coprecipitation(CP)methods for low temperature CO methanation.In this work,Ni-Al(HSM-CP)catalyst presented small Ni crystallite size and high surface area,which all contribute to the methanation reaction at low temperature conditions.The obtained Ni-Al(HSM-CP)sample exhibited a mass of defective oxygen,thereby accelerating the dissociation of CO and ultimately increasing the activity of the catalyst.Ni-Al(HSM-CP)catalyst offered the best activity with CO conversion=100%and CH_(4) selectivity=93%at 300℃,and the CH_(4) selectivity can reach 81.8%at 200℃.In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory show that CHO and COH intermediates with lower activation energy barriers are produced during the reaction,and hydrogen-assisted carbon–oxygen bond scission is more favorable.

MDEA/DEA脱硫脱碳混合溶液在长庆气区的应用

随着长庆气区靖边等气田的不断开发,其天然气气质发生了较大变化,其中H2S含量上升到1000mg/m3,CO2体积分数上升到4.5%～6.0%,原天然气净化工艺采用的单一MDEA溶液已不能满足天然气脱硫脱碳需要。为此,开展了不同体积比MDEA/DEA混合醇胺溶液脱硫脱碳试验。试验结果显示:在相同的试验条件下,溶液中总胺为40%(质量分数),DEA与MDEA体积比为1:6配比制成的混合溶液其H2S和CO2负荷最高,溶液的脱硫脱碳性能最好。继而在4套生产装置进行了推广应用。结论表明:应用MDEA/DEA混合溶液对低含硫、高含碳的天然气进行净化处理,溶液酸气负荷较高,脱硫、脱碳性能较好,腐蚀性小,天然气净化装置运行平稳,节能效果好,经济适用。

PC钢绞线用SWRH82B盘条力学性能研究

研究ＰＣ钢丝和钢绞线用ＳＷＲＨ８２Ｂ盘条自然时效后力学性能的变化规律，指出ＳＷＲＨ８２Ｂ盘条轧后室温放置一段时间，强度基本保持不变而延伸率和面缩率明显升高的原因是由于钢中的氢从基体中扩散出去。

Selexol脱碳工艺的参数优化及适应性研究

在高含碳、微含H2S的特殊天然气气藏中,Selexol脱碳工艺因其溶剂绿色环保、腐蚀性小而备受关注。利用HYSYS 2006软件优化Selexol脱碳工艺的吸收塔控制参数以及闪蒸再生条件,进一步体现了Selexol脱碳工艺的适应性。优化结果表明:吸收塔操作条件为原料气入塔温度-5～5℃,贫液注入量约750 m3/h,注入温度越低越佳,实际运行中不得低于-18℃。闪蒸再生时,优化的三级压力分别为2 400、500和50 kPa。Selexol脱碳工艺适用于CO2含量在60%以下,C4+重烃小于1%(φ)的贫天然气脱碳处理。

松南气田天然气水合物的防治技术

松南气田因CO2含量较高,其天然气水合物形成温度较高,井筒及地面集输系统在冬季生产过程中极易形成天然气水合物,严重影响安全生产。为此,分析了高含二氧化碳气井集输系统发生天然气水合物堵塞的原因,在现有集输系统适应性分析的基础上,结合天然气水合物形成的边界条件,提出了高含二氧化碳气井集输系统天然气水合物的防治措施:清洗井底脏物和天然气水合物;站场设备采用水套炉和电伴热加热,应用聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料保温材料进行绝热保温;集输管线加注天然气水合物抑制剂;完善外输气管线加药流程;合理控制单井气管输温度;制定合理的清管周期。