Robotic natural orifice specimen extraction surgery I-type F method vs conventional robotic resection for lower rectal cancer

BACKGROUND Robotic resection using the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery I-type F method(R-NOSES I-F)is a novel minimally invasive surgical strategy for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.However,the current literature on this method is limited to case reports,and further investigation into its safety and feasibility is warranted.AIM To evaluate the safety and feasibility of R-NOSES I-F for the treatment of low rectal cancer.METHODS From September 2018 to February 2022,206 patients diagnosed with low rectal cancer at First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were included in this retrospective analysis.Of these patients,22 underwent R-NOSES I-F surgery(RNOSES I-F group)and 76 underwent conventional robotic-assisted low rectal cancer resection(RLRC group).Clinicopathological data of all patients were collected and analyzed.Postoperative outcomes and prognoses were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.RESULTS Patients in the R-NOSES I-F group had a significantly lower visual analog score for pain on postoperative day 1(1.7±0.7 vs 2.2±0.6,P=0.003)and shorter postoperative anal venting time(2.7±0.6 vs 3.5±0.7,P<0.001)than those in the RLRC group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex,age,body mass index,tumor size,TNM stage,operative time,intrao-perative bleeding,postoperative complications,or inflammatory response(P>0.05).Postoperative anal and urinary functions,as assessed by Wexner,low anterior resection syndrome,and International Prostate Symptom Scale scores,were similar in both groups(P>0.05).Long-term follow-up revealed no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION R-NOSES I-F is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of lower rectal cancer.It improves pain relief,promotes gastrointestinal function recovery,and helps avoid incision-related complications.

Short-term efficacy of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery for low rectal cancer

BACKGROUND This case-control study compared the short-term clinical efficacy of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES) using a prolapsing technique and the conventional laparoscopic-assisted approach for low rectal cancer.AIM To further explore the application value of the transanal placement of the anvil and to evaluate the short-term efficacy of NOSES for resecting specimens of low rectal cancer, as well as to provide a theoretical basis for its extensive clinical application.METHODS From June 2015 to June 2018, 108 consecutive laparoscopic-assisted low rectal cancer resections were performed at our center. Among them, 26 specimens were resected transanally using a prolapsing technique(NOSES), and 82 specimens were resected through a conventional abdominal wall small incision(LAP). A propensity score matching method was used to select 26 pairs of matched patients, and their perioperative data were analyzed.RESULTS The baseline data were comparable between the two matched groups. All 52 patients underwent the surgery successfully. The operative time, blood loss,number of harvested lymph nodes, postoperative complication rate,circumferential margin involvement, postoperative follow-up data, and postoperative anal function were not statistically significant. The NOSES group had shorter time to gastrointestinal function recovery(2.6 ± 1.0 d vs 3.4 ± 0.9 d, P= 0.006), shorter postoperative hospital stay(7.1 ± 1.7 d vs 8.3 ± 1.1 d, P = 0.003),lower pain score(day 1: 2.7 ± 1.8 vs 4.6 ± 1.9, day 3: 2.0 ± 1.1 vs 4.1 ± 1.2, day 5: 1.7± 0.9 vs 3.3 ± 1.0, P < 0.001), a lower rate of additional analgesic use(11.5% vs61.5%, P = 0.001), and a higher satisfaction rate in terms of the aesthetic appearance of the abdominal wall after surgery(100% vs 23.1%, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION NOSES for low rectal cancer can achieve satisfactory short-term efficacy and has advantages in reducing postoperative pain, shortening the length of postoperative hospital stay, and improving patients' satisfaction in terms of a more aesthetic appearance of the abdominal wall.

Analysis of the Results of Rectal Cancer Treatment via 3D Laparoscopic Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery (NOSES IV)

Objective:To investigate the effect of 3D laparoscopic natural orifice specimen extraction surgery as rectal cancer treatment.Methods:The study was carried out in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022.80 rectal cancer patients were selected and divided into two groups which are the experimental group and control group.The experimental group was given 3D laparoscopic surgery while the control group was given 2D laparoscopic surgery.The results were compared and analysed.Results:The patients in the experimental group had shorter operative and evacuation times,less intraoperative bleeding,and a lower rate of complications.Conclusion:The clinical application of 3D laparoscopic radical surgery for rectal cancer via natural lumen extraction is more effective,which can promote patients'recovery and reduce the incidence of adverse events.

Outcomes after natural orifice extraction vs conventional specimen extraction surgery for colorectal cancer: A propensity scorematched analysis

BACKGROUND Natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE)via the anus or vagina replaces conventional transabdominal specimen retrieval via the transabdominal route through a limited mid-line laparotomy or Pfannenstiel incision.Reducing the number of laparoscopic ports further decreases operative abdominal wall trauma.These techniques reduce the surgical wound size as well as the risk of incisionrelated morbidity.AIM To compare short-term outcomes following 3-port NOSE surgery with a matched cohort of conventional non-NOSE colorectal cancer surgery.METHODS Patients who underwent elective 3-port laparoscopic colorectal NOSE surgery between February to October 2021 were identified.Selection criteria for NOSE surgery was adapted from the 2019 International Consensus on Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery for colorectal cancer.Patients with clinical T4 or N2 tumors on staging computed tomography were also excluded.The propensity score-matched cohort was identified amongst patients who underwent conventional laparoscopic colorectal surgery from January 2019 to December 2020.Matching was performed in the ratio of 1:4 based on age,gender,type of resection,and p-tumor node metastasis staging.RESULTS Over the eight-month study duration,14 consecutive cases(nine female,five male)of elective 3-port laparoscopic surgery with NOSE were performed for colorectal cancer.Median age and body mass index were 70(range 43-82)years and 24.1(range 20.0-31.7)kg/m2 respectively.Six patients underwent transanal NOSE and eight had transvaginal NOSE.Median operative time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative length of stay were 208(range 165-365)min,30(range 10-150)mL and 3(range 2-6)d respectively.Two(14%)suffered minor postoperative compilations not attributable to the NOSE procedure.Median follow-up duration was 12(range 8-15)mo.No instances of mortality,local or distant disease recurrence were recorded in this cohort.Compared to the conventional surgery cohort of 56 patients,the 3-port NOSE cohort had significantly quicker mean return of bowel function(2.6 vs 1.2 d,P<0.001),reduced postoperative pain and patientcontrolled analgesia use,and decreased length of hospital stay(6.4 vs 3.4 d,P<0.001).There were no statistical differences in surgical duration and perioperative complication rates between the NOSE and non-NOSE cohorts.CONCLUSION 3-port laparoscopic colorectal surgery with NOSE is a feasible technique,augmenting the minimally invasive nature of surgery and producing good outcomes.Appropriate patient selection and expertise in conventional laparoscopy are required.

Development and future perspectives of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery for gastric cancer

In recent years,natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES),a novel minimally invasive surgical technique,has become a focus in the surgical field,and has been initially applied in gastric surgery in many national medical centers worldwide.In addition,this new surgical technique was launched in major hospitals in China.With an increasing number of patients who have accepted this new surgical technique,NOSES has provided new prospects for the treatment of gastric cancer(GC),which may achieve a better outcome for both patients and surgeons.More and more experts and scholars from different countries and regions are currently paying close attention to NOSES for the treatment of GC.However,there are only a few reports of its use in GC.This review focuses on the research progress in NOSES for radical gastrectomy in recent years.We also discuss the challenges and prospects of NOSES in clinical practice.

Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision with natural orifice specimen extraction

AIM:To introduce transvaginal or transanal specimen extraction in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision surgery to avoid an abdominal incision. METHODS:Between January 2009 and December 2011,21 patients with rectal cancer underwent laparoscopic radical resection and the specimen was retrieved by two different ways:transvaginal or transanal rectal removal.Transvaginal specimen extraction approach was strictly limited to elderly post-menopausal women who need hysterectomy.Patients aged between 30 and 80 years,with a body mass index of less than 30 kg/m2, underwent elective surgery.The surgical technique and the outcomes related to the specimen extraction,such as duration of surgery,length of hospital stay,and the complications were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS:Laparoscopic resection using a natural orifice removal approach was successful in all of the 21 patients.Median operating time was 185 min(range,122-260 min)and the estimated blood loss was 48 mL. The mean length of hospital stay was 7.5 d(range,2-11 d).One patient developed postoperative ileus and had an extended hospital stay.The patient complained of minimal pain.There were no postoperative complications or surgery-associated death.The mean size of the lesion was 2.8 cm(range,1.8-6.0 cm),and the mean number of lymph nodes harvested was 18.7(range, 8-27).At a mean follow-up of 20.6 mo(range,10-37 mo),there were no functional disorders associated with the transvaginal and transanal specimen extraction. CONCLUSION:Transvaginal or transanal extraction in L-TME is a safe and effective procedure.Natural orifice specimen extraction can avoid the abdominal wall incision and its potential complications.

Laparoscopic natural orifice specimen extraction-colectomy: A systematic review

Over the last 20 years, laparoscopic colorectal surgery has shown equal efficacy for benign and malignant colorectal diseases when compared to open surgery. However, a laparoscopic approach reduces postoperative morbidity and shortens hospital stay. In the quest to optimize outcomes after laparoscopic colorectal surgery, reduction of access trauma could be a way to improve recovery. To date, one method to reduce access trauma is natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE). NOSE aims to reduce access trauma in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The specimen is delivered via a natural orifice and the anastomosis is created intracorporeally. Different methods are used to extract the specimen and to create a bowel anastomosis. Currently, specimens are delivered transcolonically, transrectally, transanally, or transvaginally. Each of these NOSEprocedures raises specific issues with regard to operative technique and application. The presumed benefits of NOSE-procedures are less pain, lower analgesia requirements, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, better cosmetic results, and lower incisional hernia rates. Avoidance of extraction site laparotomy is the most important characteristic of NOSE. Concerns associated with the NOSE-technique include bacterial contamination of the peritoneal cavity, inflammatory response, and postoperative outcomes, including postoperative pain and the functional and oncologic outcomes. These issues need to be studied in prospective randomized controlled trials. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the role of NOSE in minimally invasive colorectal surgery.

Complete laparoscopic resection of the rectum using natural orifice specimen extraction

AIM: To investigate how complete laparoscopic anterior resection with natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE), as a novel minimally invasive surgery, compares to conventional laparoscopic surgery.METHODS: Twenty patients who underwent complete laparoscopic anterior resection with NOSE and 50 patients who underwent laparoscopic assisted anterior resection by the conventional method between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Selection for complete laparoscopic anterior resection with NOSE was decided on the basis of tumor size, localization of the tumor, and body mass index. Outcomes related to surgery, including operation time, postoperative wound pain, hospital stay after surgery, the number of totally dissected lymph nodes, postoperative complications(suture failure and wound infection), and anal function, were reviewed retrospectively. Anal function was assessed at 3 and 6 mo after surgery using the Wexner fecal incontinence scoring system.RESULTS: Complete laparoscopic resection with NOSE was performed to completion in all 20 patients. There was no patient emergency that required conversion to conventional laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. The comparison between complete laparoscopic resection with NOSE and conventional laparoscopic surgery showed no significant differences in the maximal diameter of the tumor, number of totally dissected lymph nodes, bleeding volume, mean operation time, time to start of oral ingestion, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications. On the other hand, with regard to pain after epidural anesthesia, the total usage of analgesia in this novel surgical technique was 1.85 ± 1.8 times, whereas it was 5.89 ± 2.86 in conventional laparoscopic surgery(P < 0.001). The postoperative pain period was 1.9 ± 1.9 d in this novel surgical technique, whereas it was 3.43 ± 1.41 d in conventional laparoscopic surgery(P < 0.004). In complete laparoscopic surgery with NOSE, the mean postoperative follow-up period was 20 mo(range: 12-30 mo). Neither local recurrence nor remote metastasis was observed during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION: Complete laparoscopic anterior resection using NOSE does not require any incision and has excellent cosmetic properties, with mitigated postoperative pain.

Safety and survival outcomes of transanal natural orifice specimen extraction using prolapsing technique for patients with middle-to low-rectal cancer

Objective:The transanal approach to specimen collection,combined with the prolapsing technique,is a wellestablished and minimally invasive surgery for treating rectal cancer.However,reports on outcomes for this approach are sparse.We compared short-and long-term outcomes of conventional laparoscopic surgery(CLS)vs.transanal natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE)using the prolapsing technique for patients with middle-to low-rectal cancer.Methods:From January 2013 to December 2017,we enrolled consecutive patients with middle-to low-rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic anterior resection.Totally,50 patients who underwent transanal NOSE using the prolapsing technique were matched with 50 patients who received CLS.Clinical parameters and survival outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results:Estimated blood loss(29.70±29.28 vs.52.80±45.09 mL,P=0.003),time to first flatus(2.50±0.79 vs.2.86±0.76,P=0.022),time to liquid diet(3.62±0.64 vs.4.20±0.76 d,P<0.001),and the need for analgesics(22%vs.48%,P=0.006)were significantly lower for the NOSE group compared to the CLS group.The incidences of overall complications and fecal incontinence were comparable in both groups.After a median follow-up of 44.52 months,the overall local recurrence rate(6%vs.5%,P=0.670),3-year disease-free survival(86.7%vs.88.0%,P=0.945)and 3-year overall survival(95.6%vs.96.0%,P=0.708),were not significantly different.Conclusions:For total laparoscopic rectal resection,transanal NOSE using the prolapsing technique is effective and safe,and associated with less trauma and pain,a faster recovery,and similar survival outcomes compared to CLS.

Transanal natural orifice specimen extraction for laparoscopic anterior resection in rectal cancer

AIM:To investigate whether transanal natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE)is a better technique for rectal cancer resection.METHODS:A prospectively designed database of a consecutive series of patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer with various tumor-node-metastasis classifcations from March 2011to February 2012 at the First Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University was analyzed.Patient selection for transanal specimen extraction and intracorporeal anastomosis was made on the basis of tumor size and distance of rectal lesions from the anal verge.Demographic data,operative parameters,and postoperative outcomes were assessed.RESULTS:None of the patients was converted to laparotomy.Respectively,there were 16 cases in the low anastomosis and fve in the ultralow anastomosis groups.Mean age of the patients was 45.4 years,and mean body mass index was 23.1 kg/m2.Mean distance of the lower edge of the lesion from the anal verge was 8.3 cm.Mean operating time was 132 min,and mean intraoperative blood loss was 84 mL.According to the principle of rectal cancer surgery,we performed D2 lymph node dissection in 13 cases and D3 in eight.Mean lymph nodes harvest was 17.8,and the number of positive lymph nodes was 3.4.Median hospital stay was 6.7 d.No serious postoperative complication occurred except for one anastomotic leakage.All patients remained disease free.Mean Wexner score was 3.7 at11 mo after the operation.CONCLUSION:Transanal NOSE for total laparoscopic low/ultralow anterior resection is feasible,safe and oncologically sound.Further studies with long-term outcomes are needed to explore its potential advantages.

Natural orifice specimen extraction with laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND This article introduces the surgical method and early experience in performing totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with transrectal specimen extraction for gastric cancer, and we evaluate the short-term effects and feasibility of this new procedure for gastric cancer in a 64-year-old male patient. This approach may provide new possibilities for gastric natural orifice specimen extraction(NOSE)surgery. In addition, we believe that this new procedure may further relieve pain,speed up recovery, and cause minimal physiological and psychological impact.CASE SUMMARY We performed NOSE gastrectomy in a male patient. Tumor resection, digestive tract reconstruction, and lymph node dissection were performed totally laparoscopically;the specimen was extracted from the natural orifice of the rectum-anus. This procedure reduced damage to the abdominal wall and decreased postoperative pain. We successfully performed radical gastrectomy without conversion and complications. Total operative time and blood loss were 176 min and 50 m L, respectively. The patient resumed normal activities of daily living on day 1 without pain, and passed flatus within 48 h. Postoperative hospital stay was 10 d. The number of resected lymph nodes was 0/43. During the follow-up, no stricture or anastomotic leakage was detected. Three months postoperatively, colonoscopy showed full recovery of the rectum without stricture or scar contracture. Computed tomography and laboratory test results showed no signs of tumor recurrence. There was no visible scar on the abdominal wall.CONCLUSION It is safe and reliable to perform totally laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with transrectal specimen extraction for distal gastric cancer patients.

Robotic gastrectomy with transvaginal specimen extraction for female gastric cancer patients

AIM: To describe the application of complete robotic gastrectomy with transvaginal specimen extraction(TVSE) for gastric cancer patients.METHODS: Between July and November 2014, eight female patients who were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma underwent a TVSE following a full robot-sewn gastrectomy. According to the tumor location, the patients were allocated to two different groups; two patients received robotic total gastrectomy with TVSE and the other six received robotic distal gastrectomy with TVSE.RESULTS: Surgical procedures were successfully performed in all eight cases without conversion. The mean age was 55.3(range, 42-69) years, and the mean body mass index was 23.2(range, 21.6-26.0) kg/m2. The mean total operative time and blood loss were 224(range, 200-298) min and 62.5(range, 50-150) m L, respectively. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.6(range, 3-5) d. The mean number of lymph nodes resected was 23.6(range, 17-27). None was readmitted within 30 d of postoperation. During the follow-up, no stricture developed nor was any anastomotic leakage detected.CONCLUSION: It is possible to perform a TVSE following a full robot-sewn gastrectomy with standard D2 lymph node resection for female gastric cancer patients.

结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术的早期炎性反应、肿瘤学治疗结局与远期预后

目的:比较结直肠癌传统腹腔镜手术(laparoscopic surgery,LAP)与无腹部辅助切口是经自然腔道取标本手术(natural orifice specimen extraction surgery,NOSES)术后的炎性反应程度、肿瘤学治疗结局与远期生存预后。方法:共1 020例患者纳入研究,其中NOSES组416例,LAP组604例。倾向得分匹配平衡两组患者基线资料,最后,两组各有344例患者纳入研究。收集两组患者临床病理特征、围手术期参数、早期炎性反应指标与预后信息。研究终点为5年总生存期(overall survival,OS)、无瘤生存率(disease-free survival,DFS)与无局部复发率生存率(local-recurrence free survival,LRFS)。结果:NOSES具有术后疼痛轻(P<0.05)、额外麻醉药物使用比例少(11.0%vs 29.9%,P<0.001)、切口并发症发生率低(1.5%vs 4.4%,P=0.023)、术后胃肠道功能恢复快(2.7 vs 3.3天,P=0.022)等短期优势。NOSES组患者术后第2天平均体温显著高于LAP组(37.3 vs 37.1℃,P=0.031)。此外,NOSES组患者术后第1、3天的平均中性粒细胞百分比与术后第3天的C反应蛋白水平显著高于LAP组(P<0.05)。然而,两组患者术后盆腔感染并发症发生率无显著差异(0.9%vs 1.2%,P=1.000)。此外,两组患者标本长度、近端切缘距肿瘤距离、远端切缘距肿瘤距离和淋巴结清扫数量等病理结果方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。预后方面,两组患者有着相似的5年OS(91.6%vs 89.3%,P=0.434)、DFS(84.1%vs 83.6%,P=0.898)与LRFS(95.9%vs 94.0%,P=0.369)。结论:结直肠癌NOSES是安全可行的,有着疼痛轻、恢复快、切口并发症发生率低等明显的短期优势。虽然NOSES手术会在早期引起较强的急性全身炎性反应,然而并不会转化为相关并发症。此外,NOSES手术与LAP有着相似的肿瘤学治疗结局与远期预后,可以在临床工作中广泛开展与推广。

腹腔镜经自然腔道取标本手术在老年高位直肠癌患者中的疗效分析

目的:探讨经自然腔道取标本手术治疗老年高位直肠癌的临床疗效。方法:回顾性选取2017年9月至2022年9月手术治疗的64例老年高位直肠癌患者,分为对照组与观察组,每组32例,两组均行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术,对照组经腹部辅助切口取标本,观察组经肛门取标本。比较两组术中出血量、手术时间、清扫淋巴结数量、术后首次排气时间、疼痛评分、首次下床活动时间及术后并发症发生率等。结果:两组患者临床资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术中出血量、病理分级、淋巴结清扫数量、术后并发症差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后病理切缘均为阴性;观察组手术时间长于对照组,疼痛评分低于对照组,术后首次排气时间、术后首次下床活动时间及术后住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于老年高位直肠癌的手术治疗,经自然腔道取标本手术是安全、有效、可行的,与经辅助切口取标本手术相比,在减少术后疼痛、胃肠功能恢复等方面具有一定优势。

NOSES联合ERAS与常规腹腔镜手术治疗直肠癌的临床疗效对比

目的比较经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)联合快速康复外科(ERAS)与常规腹腔镜手术治疗直肠癌患者的临床疗效。方法选取2019年1月-2021年12月于解放军联勤保障部队第940医院结直肠肛门外科确诊的100例直肠癌患者为研究对象,其中49例行NOSES联合ERAS治疗(设为观察组),51例行常规腹腔镜直肠癌根治术治疗(设为对照组)。比较两组术后C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT)、K+浓度,术后肠蠕动恢复时间、首次离床活动时间、首次进流食时间、拔除尿管和引流管时间、住院时间,以及术中出血量、淋巴结检出数目、切缘阳性率、并发症发生率、疼痛评分等临床指标。结果观察组术后CRP、PCT、IL-6水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组K+浓度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后肠蠕动恢复时间、首次离床活动时间、首次进流食时间、拔除尿管及引流管时间、住院时间等均短于对照组,手术时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中出血量、淋巴结检出数目、切缘阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(4.1%vs.7.8%,P>0.05);观察组术后第1、2、3天的疼痛评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论NOSES联合ERAS治疗直肠癌,可缩小手术切口,减轻应激反应及术后疼痛,安全可行,有利于提高疗效,降低并发症发生率,值得推广应用。

经自然腔道取出腹腔镜标本对男性低位直肠癌患者术后排尿功能及康复质量的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜标本经自然腔道标本取出术在男性低位直肠癌的应用效果。方法选取2019年10月至2021年11月收治的94例男性低位直肠癌患者。根据收治年限进行分组,2019年10月至2020年10月收治的47例患者纳入观察组,采用腹腔镜标本经自然腔道标本取出术。2020年11月至2021年11月收治的47例患者纳入对照组,采用常规腹腔镜结直肠癌术式治疗。统计2组患者不良反应总发生率、体温变化及术后恢复情况。结果观察组与对照组术中出血量、阳性淋巴结个数无明显差异(P>0.05),但观察组远端切缘距离显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组预防性造口发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),术后吻合口狭窄发生率及吻合口瘘发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后社会、心理、精神及生理健康等4个维度的COH-QOL-OQ评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜标本经自然腔道标本取出术在男性低位直肠癌手术中能有效提高患者手术安全性,降低远端切缘距离,避免预防性造口发生率,同时能改善患者术后康复质量。

手术平台建设与发展及术式创新在推进结直肠外科发展中的作用

随着医学技术的进步,结直肠外科从传统手术过渡到了微创手术,显著提升了手术的安全性与有效性,同时提高了患者的康复速度和生活质量。腹腔镜和机器人手术技术的引入,为结直肠外科手术提供了更精确的操作平台,减少了手术风险及手术创伤。术式创新如经自然腔道取标本手术进一步减少了手术创伤。这些进展不仅推动了结直肠外科技术的革新,而且为患者带来了更佳的治疗效果。该文探讨了手术平台的建设与术式创新对结直肠外科发展的影响。

经自然腔道取标本手术在直肠脱垂治疗中的应用及近期疗效分析

目的:探讨经自然腔道取标本手术治疗直肠脱垂的应用价值及近期疗效分析。方法:回顾分析2019年1月至2023年3月收治的41例直肠脱垂患者的临床资料。其中15例行经自然腔道取标本手术(观察组),26例行传统腹腔镜手术(对照组)。对比分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后疼痛评分、术后并发症及复发率,评估肛门括约肌功能、Wexner肛门失禁评分及便秘评分。结果:观察组与对照组术中出血量差异无统计学意义[48(42,50)mL vs. 47(45,50)mL,P>0.05],手术时间[(147.20±5.51)min vs.(132.61±5.88)min]、住院时间[7(6,8)d vs.12(10,13)d]、术后疼痛评分[2(1,3)分vs.5(4,6)分]差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后两组肛门括约肌评分、Wexner肛门失禁评分、Wexner便秘评分与术前相比均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组发生3例腹壁辅助切口脂肪液化。术后无围手术期死亡,随访6个月无复发病例。结论:经自然腔道取标本手术应用于直肠脱垂的治疗安全、可行,具有康复快、术后疼痛轻、便秘与肛门失禁明显改善、复发率低的优点,值得临床推广应用。

经自然腔道取标本手术治疗老年结直肠癌的短期疗效分析

目的:比较腹腔镜经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)与传统腹腔镜手术(CLS)治疗老年结直肠癌的近期临床疗效,评估NOSES在老年结直肠癌患者中的应用价值。方法:选取2022年10月至2023年11月经肠镜及术前病理诊断为结直肠癌,拟行中高位直肠癌、远端乙状结肠癌根治术的63例老年患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为NOSES组(n=31)与CLS组(n=32)。收集两组患者临床资料进行分析。结果:研究过程中NOSES组剔除5例,CLS组剔除6例,最终两组均有26例患者纳入研究。两组手术时间、出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、腹腔冲洗液细菌培养结果、术后白细胞计数、术后C反应蛋白水平及并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后第1天、第2天、第3天,NOSES组疼痛评分均低于CLS组(P<0.05);NOSES组首次下床活动时间、首次排气时间、术后住院时间短于CLS组(P<0.05),NOSES组术后第7天前白蛋白水平高于CLS组(P<0.05)。结论:NOSES应用于符合手术指征的老年结直肠癌患者可达到CLS的安全性。相较CLS,NOSES具有减轻术后疼痛、早期下床活动、促进胃肠功能恢复、加快营养恢复、缩短住院时间的优势,值得在符合条件的老年结直肠癌患者中推广。

达芬奇机器人(Xi)辅助下直肠前切除术(NOSES-Ⅳ式)

达芬奇机器人(Xi)系统联合经自然腔道取标本(NOSES)在直肠癌手术中的应用日益成熟和普遍.二者的结合充分发挥了各自的优势,将层面的游离,淋巴的清扫,血管的解剖,神经的保护和无菌、微创理念贯穿始终.因此,机器人下的手术操作,规范的手术流程,经自然腔道取标本的微创模式,为程序化的直肠癌根治手术带来了新的进步.