The Ecological Landscape with the Integration of Humanistic Culture and Nature Environment —A Case Study of Landscape Transformation in Baoyan Eco-Tourism Garden of Changshu City

Based on the landscape ecology theory,this paper analyzed the ecology concept and the existing misconceptions of landscape design from the perspective of ecology.The misconceptions included the excessive using of ecological concepts,undue emphasis on the natural features of ecology,and endowing landscape with human cultural blindly.Taking Baoyan eco-tourism garden landscape renovation as an example,this study analyzed the superior natural conditions of this garden,the negative status in the current development process which included the conservative development and construction,singleness of entertainment,cultural educational and the other activities,disorder of landscape structure,lack of cultural landscape,weakness of landscape features and the unremarkable competitive advantages.To construct an ecological landscape with integration of humanistic and nature features,this paper proposed "ecological gardens" as the theme,following the design concept which made full integration of creating cultural landscape with the improvement and protection of natural ecological environment.Finally,the author elaborated such kind of ecological landscape from the following 4 aspects,including the integration,protection,restoration,and creation of landscape.

Landscape pattern and its effect on ecosystem functions in Seoul Metropolitan area:Urban ecology on distribution of the naturalized plant species

During land transformation process in the human history, naturalized plants were introduced to several land use patterns by the different ways of plant itself. Including some naturalized plants that had been contribute to land restoration, many naturalized plants have been invaded to original habitat or landscape for native plants. Once the plants were colonized, they extend their area and population size. Urban developed areas often give an important role of source habitat for naturalized plants and expanding their population size. In recent, this situation is appearing as one of environmental problems about the urban landscape management controlling the naturalized plants that invaded in the developed area and conserving the native vegetation. This paper is focusing on relationships between distribution of habitat of naturalized plants and landscape patch in urban area in Seoul. Gangdong-Gu, one of the administrative areas in Seoul was selected for this study. We examined the recent land use change using LANDSAT TM data and spreading of the representative naturalized plants (Robinia pseudoacacia and Eupatorium rugosum) by Seoul Biotope Mapping Project and field survey in 1999. As a result, these two species were often occurred in the same habitat and distributed in forest edge disturbed by man. Their distribution patterns were related to landscape indices (patch size and shape) in the forest edge.

Are spatial distributions of major elements in soil influenced by human landscapes?

The present study attempted to evaluate the influence of human activity on major elements （Na2O, MgO, A1203, SiO2, K2O, CaO, Fe203）, and to find a method to explore correlations between major elements and human disturbances, according to geospatial theories and methods. The study results indicate that landscapes influence major elements in diverse ways： Al2O3 is closely related to road and mine landscapes; strong relationships exist between MgO, Fe2O3, CaO, and SiO2 and roads; Na2O, SiO2, and Fe2O3 are unrelated to city landscapes; and Na2O is unrelated to road and mine landscapes.

The Development of Managerial Assumptions about Human Nature in China： A Tale from Quanzhou

How managers’ knowledge and beliefs of human nature are formed and manifested has not been fully explored in the context of Chinese society going through rapid transition nowadays. And yet this could be the missing link in our discourse on Chinese managers. Based on a qualitative study conducted in Quanzhou, China, this study found certain assumptions of human nature that are deeply embedded in their managers’ intellectual framework, which in turn guide their managerial behaviours in diverse aspects of their work. Unless the managers are prepared to examine their own thoughts, especially those at the sub-conscious level, they would remain prisoners of their own thought, and all the efforts directed at transforming managers would be seriously compromised.

Application of Fengshui Doctrines in Landscape Architecture Design

Proceeding from the concept of Fengshui, the author focused on the influence of Fengshui on construction activities in ancient China, and proposed that Fengshui has impacted not only site selection and layout of ancient cities, towns, villages, palaces and residences, but also site selection and layout of classical Chinese gardens. On this basis, application of Fengshui in modern landscape architecture design was explored, and the harmony between garden planning and environment factors was stressed, and also psychological factors of human beings emphasized. In this way, the doctrine of "human-nature oneness" was demonstrated, spirit of place and actual conditions of the planning site respected, and propitious culture manifested.

Study on Landscape Features of Bai People'sTraditional Mountainous Villages in Dali

In view of the vast mountainous areas and abundant mountainous settlement resources of Dali Bai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, the authors proposed the significance and necessity of studying landscape features of traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality by considering policy requirements of "protection system planning of famous historic and cultural cities, towns, villages and blocks in Yunnan Province" and "construction of mountainous towns". On the basis of investigating traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality in Dali, 5 typical settlements were analyzed from the perspectives of landscape structure, village layout, landscape element, landscape materials and decorative art. And characteristics of traditional mountainous settlements of the Bai Nationality were summarized as "following the nature, adaptive to actual terrains, multidimensional, human-nature oneness".

Application of Chinese Landscape Painting Ambience in Modern Residential Landscape

Planning and design of modern residential landscapes in China has experienced rapid growth, but many residential areas have simulated western landscape designs and lost the ambience of traditional Chinese landscape painting, and the designs have shown poor diversity, artistic quality or unification of landscapes and environmental effects. Hence, the paper proposed that modern residential landscape design should be integrated with Chinese landscape painting factors, and the concept of "human-nature oneness" should be demonstrated to create garden landscapes suitable for appreciating, sightseeing, living and enjoying, and also living spaces with picturesque scenery. Through analyzing landscape designs of "Century Sunshine Garden" in Hefei City, Anhui Province, the study explored the integration of modern residential landscapes and Chinese landscape painting ambience, so as to create green, ecological, healthy, practical landscapes for modern residential areas.

On University Campus Landscape Design

In a few years,with the progress of China's society,material needs and spiritual needs are in the corresponding enhancement.All needs and requirements of society for talents are in the unceasing increase and improvement,and certainly will need to increase the country's national education.Our country put forward the strategy of developing the country through science and education,and the university education is the center of it.So our country on the one hand,through expanding enrollment rate,let more people to accept higher education;On the other hand,through increasing the investment of the infrastructure construction in colleges and universities,the campus can satisfy the need of more features.Along with the progress of market economy and urban modernization,the campus development level has become an important symbol in measuring the progress of a city,a regional economic and cultural development.It is also the origin to transport all kinds of advanced talents for urban.The construction of university campus is gradually developed in such an environment,striving to reflect new period,new era university campus's new look and new attitude.Trying to develop the campus to which has its own characteristic humanities landscape and put the characteristic of open and humanistic,functional and artistic quality,ecological and sustainable in organic combination of unity,advancing with The Times.

Global Bioethical Prevention of the Collision of Biological and Cultural Evolution on Miserable Human Survival

With the cultural myth that science can only determine the way the world ＂is＂ （facts）, while humanities, social sciences, lawyers, philosophers, and theologians must determine the way the world ＂ought to be＂ （values）, those in position of global-, national-, and local-political power make major decisions of the use （or non-use） of scientific knowledge and technology. As a result, the human being has created a non-scientifically based cultural environment that is affecting his ability to survive. In effect, cultural evolution is occurring more rapidly than biological evolution that can adapt to the changes brought about in the physical and psycho-social environments. In a pluralistic cultural world, where each society has generated a different view of human nature and different ethical values, the use, misuse, or non-use of scientific and technological advances are derived from these unscientific views of human nature. Since all life depends on limiting interacting environmental and ecological factors, it is imperative that scientific information be used to govern how to minimize irreversible effects on life-sustaining ecological factors, but also scientific information bearing on understanding human nature ought to be integrated into a ＂global bioethics＂. While ethical values cannot be directly derived from scientific factors, it is also true that human values or our ＂ought＂ cannot be maintained in ignorance or defiance of the facts or the ＂is＂.

Power and Gaze in Xu Bing’s Dragonfly’s Eye

On August 18,2019,Xu exhibited“The Dragonfly’s Eye”in Today Art Museum.As a respectable writer,Xu drew attention to his elaboration to his illustration of the dragonfly through his own work through incorporating his own artistic interpretation as the new creative mode and idea in art media,further highlighting features of“The Dragonfly’s Eye”.The aesthetic feeling of human nature is emphasized in the creation of Dragonfly’s Eye.Unlike typical contemporary art video works,Dragonfly Eye delivers a whole course of illustration with exceptional production method-through the utilization of existing downloadable videos on the Internet.The project utilizes the romantic story between a young couple to comment on views of life and soul in the contemporary society.Seemingly novelty,the project ultimately centralizes at the idea of the critiquing human nature in the modern ages.

一咏三叹,由景至境——《诗经·国风》中自然景观展现特征及先民审美模式研究

《诗经》是我国诗歌史上举足轻重的存在,《国风》正是《诗经》的精华。在《国风》诗中,大量的诗歌涉及到了自然景观,而对于《诗经》的研究大多集中在文史哲领域,立足于风景园林学的相关研究较为匮乏,作为描写风景的最早诗篇尚未被研究颇为遗憾。因此将其作为研究重点,首先对《国风》中的自然景观要素进行提取、分类,分析其特点,得出其层次性和分时性的展现规律,以此为基础总结出先民既存型、演化型和类比型三种审美模式,即对中国人原生情感中的自然景观的感知方式和审美模式的溯源。寻找中国人对自然景观情感的原始表达,以及遗传意义,以期为现今的风景遗产保护与景观设计提供参考与启示。

《周礼》国土景观的象数渊源与数理秩序解析

揭示象数对中国古代空间与自然规律的关联逻辑,是理解国土景观秩序生成的思维基础,也是传承“大国山河”独特气质的可行思路。基于上古天文历法与《周易》“象-数-理”体系,厘清《周礼》“山-水-田-城”景观以象数为媒的“敬天”思路。结合《周易》象数易理,剖析其中“结构”“等级”“单元”“均列”的空间映射模式。据此解析象数对《周礼》国土景观秩序营构的影响:从全域“辨方正位”的“山-水-田-城”结构同构与等级列位,到局域“体国经野”的土地等单元衍生与聚落均列分布,最终实现“天人合一”的人居理想追求。研究将为当代国土景观遗产价值提供新的认知。

风景园林理论知识体系发展溯源

【目的】探究风景园林理论知识形成的复杂脉络,能够为学科理论知识体系的构建提供新的视野。【方法】借鉴知识考古学方法,从人文与艺术学科、自然科学、社会科学三大学科领域梳理风景园林理论知识体系的发展历程,归纳演变特点及驱动因素。【结果】1)风景园林理论知识体系发展经历了从早期以人文与艺术学科知识驱动为主,逐渐走向与自然科学、社会科学的多元交叉过程。2)不同学科视野下的风景园林理论知识发展各有特点,本质上是美学观、自然观、公平观发生了改变:人文与艺术学科视野下的学科理论知识生产由地域性审美观走向批判地域性审美观;自然科学视野下的学科理论知识生产由朴素自然观走向多元生态观;社会科学视野下的学科理论知识生产由精英式公平观走向公众公平观。3)风景园林理论知识体系发展的驱动因素是由满足使用者的审美需求转向满足人在空间中生理、心理及社会全方位的功能需求。【结论】风景园林理论知识体系未来发展还需要树立自主理论知识体系的意识、梳理其逻辑基点并建立弹性和动态调整的更新机制。

中国式花园城市:理论构建与实践路径

花园城市是生态文明潮流下营造和谐人居环境的一种理想模式,与中国本土文化和城市发展形势相结合被赋予了更丰富的内涵。中国式花园城市吸收国外花园城市建设经验,延续中华传统自然山水观意蕴,拓展现代生态都市主义理论,成为建设人与自然和谐共生现代化的重要载体。其特性包括系统性、人民性、人文性、生态性、强韧性等。在具体构成上以城市要件、环境要件和连通要件为支撑,涵盖微观花园要素、中观花园场景、宏观花园体系三个层次。实践方面可在景观设计上建设开敞花园空间、在空间形态上打造全域花园体系、在功能设置上营造多元花园场景、在治理方式上共享多重花园红利。

试论马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的STS思想

建设有中国特色的STS学派,需要深入研究马克思主义经典著作中的STS思想。《1844年经济学哲学手稿》是马克思批判资本主义早期工业社会的经典著作,包含着丰富的STS思想。在资本主义社会,科学技术不仅是福同时也是祸;在科学技术与社会的互动中必须包含自然;科学技术的进步是人的本质确证;建立起关于人的科学以实现科技与人文的统一。总体而言,马克思是结合人的全面发展来考察科学技术与社会的互动,这对于中国STS学派建设具有重要的指导意义。

从私家园林到花园城市,追寻更和谐的人地关系

“虽由人作,宛自天开”是园林大家计成在《园冶》中的经典观点,表达了古人对理想人地关系的解读—天人合一。虽然表达方式不同,中外古典园林均追求人与自然的和谐统一。随着现代工业化进程,人类对于自然的破坏越来越严重,造成了城市无序发展、生态退化、污染与气候变化等恶果。现代园林除了美学和游憩功能,“修复自然”与“服务于人”成为了更重要的社会价值,封闭的古典私家园林转变成为了开放的现代公共空间—这是现代风景园林的伟大创新,也是风景园林师对人地关系的反思和修复。从“服务贵族”到“面向大众”,从“城市公园”到“公园城市”再到“花园城市”,风景园林师不断追寻更和谐的人地关系。

“One Core,Two Sources”:The Endogenous Logic of China’s Path to Develop Human Rights from the Perspective of“Two Integrations”

Abstract:The development of China’s human rights path is driv-en by both external and internal factors,influenced by general prin-ciples of human rights worldwide while also following China’s own endogenous logic.The concept of the“Two Integrations”reflects the continuous theoretical innovation of the Chinese Communist Party based on China’s national conditions,significantly illustrating the en-dogenous logic of China’s human rights path.Among these,the“basic principles of Marxism”occupy a“core”position within the endoge-nous logic of China’s human rights path,and to some extent,embody an understanding of the inherent laws of human rights.Meanwhile,“China’s specific realities”and“fine traditional Chinese culture”serve as the“living water sources”for the ongoing advancement of China’s human rights.The“Two Integrations”represent an intrinsic requirement of historical materialism and practical materialism.The logical structure of“One Core,Two Sources”explains the endogenous nature of China’s human rights path,offering both an interpretation of the driving forces behind China’s human rights path and a defense of its rationality.

EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON IMMUNE RESPONSE RELATED TO OPIOID-LIKE PEPTIDES

Experimental research has recently shown that acupuncture induces the formation of opioid-like peptides (OLPs) in animals. In order to provide further evidence, we tested the beta-endorphin levels and other parameters (VIP, lymphocyte subsets, NK cells and monocyte phagocytosis) in a group of 90 patients suffering from various painful disorders treated with acupuncture. Zusanli (St 36) and Hegu (LI 4) acupoints were selected. A homogeneous group of 30 subjects was used as control. Evaluation of the above parameters was made with 3 series of blood tests before treatment, 30 minutes and 24 hours after acupuncture treatment. In the acupuncture group, the following results were achieved: 1) A considerable increase in beta-endorphin levels remained high even 24 hours after acupuncture treatment. In addition, we demonstrated an inverted correlation between beta-endorphins and VIP; 2) 30 minutes after acupuncture session, 80% of the treated patients showed a significant increase of CD3 and CD4 values and an increase of CD8 24 hours after stimulation; 3) Monocyte phagocytosis was increased in 45% of the treated subjects 30 minutes from starting treatment, and in 100% of them after 24 hours. The percentage of NK cells was also increased in 40% of cases after 30 minutes, and in 50% after 24 hours. However, in the control group, no such significant changes in immune parameters were found.

风景园林学科专业发展评估、困境与突破

针对《研究生教育学科专业目录(2022年)》的相关调整,对风景园林学科专业2011—2022年的发展状况进行评估。在此基础上,分析了风景园林学科专业所面临的知识、结构和名实三重困境,提出了突破困境的4个方向:硬核化、体系化、时代化和中国化,以及风景园林学科建设的2项任务:传承中国风景园林知行传统、创新人与自然和谐共生知识体系。

问题优先级判别:生态保护修复中的核心生态智慧之一

随着生态文明建设的推进,生态智慧在中国日趋重要,特别是在生态保护修复领域。然而现状生态保护修复实践存在一个难点:无数问题交叉在一起,如何在资源有限的情况下,判别生态问题优先级并依次推进保护修复是一个需要智慧的决策过程。针对这个瓶颈,立足国内外文献综述探究生态问题优先级判别的不同思路与方法。研究发现:(1)生态问题分析的主要方法包括生境质量评价、生态系统服务和生态安全格局;(2)国外生态保护修复问题优先级判别存在3个不同的时段与思路“生态重要性判定-投资收益判别-多目标优化决策”;(3)国内整体还是处于第一个生态重要性判定的阶段,对生境的强化不足,偶有学者提及多目标决策优化。立足研究,对生态保护修复过程中问题优先级判别提出了4点建议,以促使相关决策更具生态智慧。