APPROXIMATE NONREFLECTING INFLOW-OUTFLOW BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THE CALCULATION OF NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN INTERNAL FLOWS

In this paper, the nonreflecting boundary conditions based upon fundamental ideas of the linear analysis are developed for gas dynamic equations, and the modified boundary conditions for Navier-Stokes equations are proposed as a substitute of the nonreflecting boundary conditions inside boundary layers near rigid walls. These derived boundary conditions are then applied to calculations both for the Euler equations and the Navier-Stokes equations to determine if they can produce acceptable results for the subsonic flows in channels. The numerical results obtained by an implicit second-order upwind difference scheme show the effective- ness and generality of the boundary conditions. Furthermore, the formulae and the analysis performed here may be extended to three dimensional problems.

NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION OF UNSTEADY SEPARATED FLOWS DUE TO A SPOILER'S OSCILLATION

The finite difference method (FDM) is applied in the present paper to solve the unsteady NHS equations for incompressible fluids. ADI and SLOR methods are served for the vorticity equation and the Poisson equation for ψ respectively. The upwind scheme is used for the convective terms. The moving boundary conditions are specially treated, and the effects of outlet conditions on the flow field are abo examined. Numerical results obtained show that the spoiler's oscillation induces forming, growing and shedding of the vortices. The shedding frequency of vortices is equal to that of the spoiler's oscillation. The forced unsteady separated flows under the present investigation depend mainly on the reduced frequency. At low reduced frequency, the vortices shed from the spoiler interact weakly with each other, and move downstream at an almost uniform speed of 038 V∞. At high reduced frequency, the interaction between the adjacent vortices strengthens. They close up to and rotate around each other, and eventually, merge into one vortex.

An implicit upwind parabolized Navier-Stokes code for chemically nonequilibrium flows

The previously developed single-sweep parabolized Navier-Stokes （SSPNS） space marching code for ideal gas flows has been extended to compute chemically nonequilibrium flows. In the code, the strongly coupled set of gas dynamics, species conservation, and turbulence equations is integrated with the implicit lower-upper symmetric GaussSeidel （LU-SGS） method in the streamwise direction in a space marching manner. The AUSMPW＋ scheme is used to calculate the inviscid fluxes in the crossflow direction, while the conventional central scheme for the viscous fluxes. The k-g two-equation turbulence model is used. The revised SSPNS code is validated by computing the Burrows-Kurkov non-premixed H2/air supersonic combustion flows, premixed H2/air hypersonic combustion flows in a three-dimensional duct with a 15° compression ramp, as well as the hypersonic laminar chemically nonequilibrium air flows around two 10° half-angle cones. The results of these calculations are in good agreement with those of experiments, NASA UPS or Prabhu＇s PNS codes. It can be concluded that the SSPNS code is highly efficient for steady supersonic/ hypersonic chemically reaction flows when there is no large streamwise separation.

Numerical Simulations of Fiber Sedimentation in Navier-Stokes Flows

We perform numerical simulations of the sedimentation of rigid fibers suspended in a viscous incompressible fluid at nonzero Reynolds numbers.The fiber sedimentation system is modeled as a two-dimensional immersed boundary problem,which naturally accommodates the fluid-particle interactions and which allows the simulation of a large number of suspending fibers.We study the dynamics of sedimenting fibers under a variety of conditions,including differing fiber densities,Reynolds numbers,domain boundary conditions,etc.Simulation results are compared to experimental measurements and numerical results obtained in previous studies.

Fekete-Gauss Spectral Elements for Incompressible Navier-Stokes Flows:The Two-Dimensional Case

Spectral element methods on simplicial meshes,say TSEM,show both the advantages of spectral and finite element methods,i.e.,spectral accuracy and geometrical flexibility.We present a TSEM solver of the two-dimensional(2D)incompressible Navier-Stokes equations,with possible extension to the 3D case.It uses a projection method in time and piecewise polynomial basis functions of arbitrary degree in space.The so-called Fekete-Gauss TSEM is employed,i.e.,Fekete(resp.Gauss)points of the triangle are used as interpolation(resp.quadrature)points.For the sake of consistency,isoparametric elements are used to approximate curved geometries.The resolution algorithm is based on an efficient Schur complement method,so that one only solves for the element boundary nodes.Moreover,the algebraic system is never assembled,therefore the number of degrees of freedom is not limiting.An accuracy study is carried out and results are provided for classical benchmarks:the driven cavity flow,the flow between eccentric cylinders and the flow past a cylinder.

LOW MACH NUMBER FLOW COMPUTATION USING PRECONDITIONING METHODS AND COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

The preconditioning method is used to solve the low Mach number flow. The space discritisation scheme is the Roe scheme and the DES turbulence model is used. Then, the low Mach number turbulence flow around the NACA0012 airfoil is used to verify the efficiency of the proposed method. Two cases of the low Mach number flows around the multi-element airfoil and the circular cylinder are also used to test the proposed method. Numerical results show that the methods combined the preconditioning method and compressible Navier-Stokes equations are efficient to solve low Mach number flows.

基于调和线性化Navier-Stokes方程的局部感受性

高超声速边界层中Mack模态的感受性决定了触发转捩的扰动的初始幅值,因而考虑感受性是构建合理的转捩预测方法的前提。壁面粗糙元与来流声波作用从而激发Mack模态是典型的局部感受性过程,对该过程的描述方法大致包括大雷诺数渐近理论、有限雷诺数理论和直接数值模拟。由于需要做小粗糙元线性假设,所以前两种方法无法有效预测有限高度粗糙元工况,而第三种方法则由于计算量庞大而无法进行参数化研究。本文发展了一套基于调和线性化Navier-Stokes方程的局部感受性高效算法,并针对马赫数5.92的高超声速平板边界层系统地研究了小尺度及有限高度粗糙元与声波引起的Mack模态感受性。结果表明,快声波诱导Mack模态的局部感受性显著强于慢声波。对于有限高度粗糙元,快声波的局部感受性在较大声波参数范围内随粗糙元高度增加而超线性增强。

INTERFACE BEHAVIOR AND DECAY RATES OF COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND A VACUUM

In this paper,we study the one-dimensional motion of viscous gas near a vacuum,with the gas connecting to a vacuum state with a jump in density.The interface behavior,the pointwise decay rates of the density function and the expanding rates of the interface are obtained with the viscosity coefficientμ(ρ)=ρ^(α)for any 0<α<1;this includes the timeweighted boundedness from below and above.The smoothness of the solution is discussed.Moreover,we construct a class of self-similar classical solutions which exhibit some interesting properties,such as optimal estimates.The present paper extends the results in[Luo T,Xin Z P,Yang T.SIAM J Math Anal,2000,31(6):1175-1191]to the jump boundary conditions case with density-dependent viscosity.

GLOBAL SOLUTIONS TO 1D COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES/ALLEN-CAHN SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND FREE-BOUNDARY

This paper is concerned with the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system,which is used to model the dynamics of immiscible two-phase flows.We consider a 1D free boundary problem and assume that the viscosity coefficient depends on the density in the form ofη(ρ)=ρ^(α).The existence of unique global H^(2m)-solutions(m∈N)to the free boundary problem is proven for when 0<α<1/4.Furthermore,we obtain the global C^(∞)-solutions if the initial data is smooth.

Verification and Validation of High-Resolution Inviscid and Viscous Conical Nozzle Flows

Capturing elaborated flow structures and phenomena is required for well-solved numerical flows.The finite difference methods allow simple discretization of mesh and model equations.However,they need simpler meshes,e.g.,rectangular.The inverse Lax-Wendroff(ILW)procedure can handle complex geometries for rectangular meshes.High-resolution and high-order methods can capture elaborated flow structures and phenomena.They also have strong mathematical and physical backgrounds,such as positivity-preserving,jump conditions,and wave propagation concepts.We perceive an effort toward direct numerical simulation,for instance,regarding weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes.Thus,we propose to solve a challenging engineering application without turbulence models.We aim to verify and validate recent high-resolution and high-order methods.To check the solver accuracy,we solved vortex and Couette flows.Then,we solved inviscid and viscous nozzle flows for a conical profile.We employed the finite difference method,positivity-preserving Lax-Friedrichs splitting,high-resolution viscous terms discretization,fifth-order multi-resolution WENO,ILW,and third-order strong stability preserving Runge-Kutta.We showed the solver is high-order and captured elaborated flow structures and phenomena.One can see oblique shocks in both nozzle flows.In the viscous flow,we also captured a free-shock separation,recirculation,entrainment region,Mach disk,and the diamond-shaped pattern of nozzle flows.

On the analytical solution of transient friction in channel flows

The transient friction in channel mean flows is the sum of two contributions,i.e.,the underlying laminar flow(ULF)and the purely turbulent component(PTC),and the contributions are analyzed separately by theoretical experiments.It is found that,the transient friction may be higher or remarkably lower than that in equal-Reynolds number steady-state flows.The universal time constant for plane-parallel laminar flows is reported,and the role of the time constant in a turbulent mean flow is examined.It is shown that the time constant is related to the turbulence's frozen time.Finally,a study of the logarithmic layer during the transient flow is accomplished,which shows that the logarithmic layer is destroyed.

HOMOGENIZATION OF A STATIONARY NAVIER-STOKES FLOW IN POROUS MEDIUM WITH THIN FILM

The article studies the homogenization of a stationary Navier-Stokes fluid in porous medium with thin film under Dirichlet boundary condition.At the end of the article,＂Darcy＇s law＂is rigorously derived from this model as the parameter ε tends to zero,which is independent of the coordinates towards the thickness.

A unified fractional flow framework for predicting the liquid holdup in two-phase pipe flows

Two-phase pipe flow occurs frequently in oil&gas industry,nuclear power plants,and CCUS.Reliable calculations of gas void fraction(or liquid holdup)play a central role in two-phase pipe flow models.In this paper we apply the fractional flow theory to multiphase flow in pipes and present a unified modeling framework for predicting the fluid phase volume fractions over a broad range of pipe flow conditions.Compared to existing methods and correlations,this new framework provides a simple,approximate,and efficient way to estimate the phase volume fraction in two-phase pipe flow without invoking flow patterns.Notably,existing correlations for estimating phase volume fraction can be transformed and expressed under this modeling framework.Different fractional flow models are applicable to different flow conditions,and they demonstrate good agreement against experimental data within 5%errors when compared with an experimental database comprising of 2754 data groups from 14literature sources,covering various pipe geometries,flow patterns,fluid properties and flow inclinations.The gas void fraction predicted by the framework developed in this work can be used as inputs to reliably model the hydraulic and thermal behaviors of two-phase pipe flows.

变粘可压缩轴对称Navier-Stokes方程组全局强解的存在性

该文考虑三维空间中粘性依赖密度的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程组,得到了具有小能量大振荡初值的全局轴对称强解的存在唯一性,其中流体区域为周期域Ω={(r,z)|r=√x^(2)+y^(2),(x,y,z)∈R^(3),r∈I⊂(0,+∞),z∈(−∞,+∞)}.当z→±∞时,初始密度保持非真空状态.结果还表明,只要初始密度远离真空,解在任何时间内都不会发展成真空状态;并且该文给出了解的精确的衰减速率.

平坦环上受迫Navier-Stokes方程的几乎周期响应解

本文证明了平坦环T_(Γ)^(d)上几乎周期的小外力作用下的不可压Navier-Stokes方程存在小振幅的几乎周期响应解.

分数阶不可压缩Navier-Stokes-Coriolis方程解的整体适定性

该文致力于研究带Coriolis力的分数阶Navier-Stokes方程的Cauchy问题.结合半群S的L^(p)−L^(q)及H˙^(5/2−2α)−L^(q)光滑估计,得到了带Coriolis力的分数阶Navier-Stokes方程解的整体适定性以及u0在齐次Sobolev空间H˙_(σ)^(5/2−2α)(R^(3))足够小时的分数阶Navier-Stokes方程具有唯一的整体mild解.

Debris Fan Produced by Failure of Canyon-Blocking Pyroclastic Flows

Ash-rich pyroclastic flows from the cataclysmic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade volcanic arc, Oregon, entered and blocked the narrow, bedrock-lined canyon of the Williamson River approximately 35 to 44 km from the source volcano. The blockage impounded a body of water which then released producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boulder core comprised of locally sourced bedrock boulders and three sand-rich units including a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel (±basalt/hydrovolcanic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebble-bearing, crystal-rich sand unit. Hand-drilled auger holes up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain samples of the sand-rich units. Units were delimited using surface and down-hole observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical parameters of grain size, and vertical and lateral distribution of properties. Overtopping followed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyroclastic flows progressively cleared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon limited the volume of debris available for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boulders and lithic-rich sand was followed by rapid deposition with minimal reworking of remobilized pyroclastics. Continued draining of the impounded lake sent hyperconcentrated flows onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravels that graded upward to crystal-rich sands.

STABILITY OF THE RAREFACTION WAVE IN THE SINGULAR LIMIT OF A SHARP INTERFACE PROBLEM FOR THE COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES/ALLEN-CAHN SYSTEM

This paper is concerned with the global well-posedness of the solution to the compressible Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system and its sharp interface limit in one-dimensional space.For the perturbations with small energy but possibly large oscillations of rarefaction wave solutions near phase separation,and where the strength of the initial phase field could be arbitrarily large,we prove that the solution of the Cauchy problem exists for all time,and converges to the centered rarefaction wave solution of the corresponding standard two-phase Euler equation as the viscosity and the thickness of the interface tend to zero.The proof is mainly based on a scaling argument and a basic energy method.

分数阶Navier-Stokes方程解的爆破准则

首先证明了分数阶三维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程在齐次Sobolev空间H^(s)中解的存在性,其中α>1/2,max{5/2-2α;0}<s<3/2.其次在最大时间T_(v)^(*)有限时,利用Fourier变换的性质,齐次Sobolev空间中的插值结果以及乘积定理,研究了解在H^(s)空间中的爆破性和L^(2)范数的衰减性,以及解关于Fourier变换的L^(1)范数的下界估计.这是对Benameur J等人(2010)对经典Navier-Stokes方程所得出结论的推广.

分数阶不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程解的爆破性准则

采用Fourier分析及其标准技巧,研究分数阶不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程在齐次Sobolev-Gevrey空间H_(a,σ)^(s)(R^(3))(a>0,σ>1,5/2-2α<s<3/2,1≤α≤5/4)中的初值问题.首先证明当初值u_(0)∈H_(a,σ)^(s)(R^(3))方程存在唯一解u∈C(0,T*);H_(a,σ)^(s)(R^(3));其次证明当T*<∞时,解的指数型爆破准则.