Large Interactive Media Display and Its Influence on Transformation Urban Spaces from Neglecting to Action: The Case of Al-Thaqafa Street in Amman City

In 21st?century, media become the most important factor affecting the development of urban cities, including public places. As a result of the digital revolution, re-imaging and re-linkage public places by media are essential to create more interactions between public spaces and users, interaction media display, and urban screens, one of the most important defined media. This interaction can transform the urban space from being neglected to be more interactive space with users, specially the pedestrians. This paper aims to identify the effects of these new digital factors to transform public spaces, and the influences of large media display on the interaction between urban spaces and pedestrians. The paper focuses on Al-Thaqafa Street as one of the neglected spaces in Amman city, and attempts to analyse this street, explains its problems, and studies the influence of these new digital factors on its transformation, to be more active and vital by pedestrians.

Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms:neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia-Pacific region

Zoonotic hookworm infections remain a significant public health problem,causing nearly 500 milion cases globally and approximately four million disability-adjusted life years lost annually.More than one-fth of these cases are attrib-uted to Ancylostoma ceylanicum,an emerging zoonotic health issue in the Asia-Pacific region.This review presents key research gaps regarding the epidemiology,diagnosis,control,prevention and elimination of A.ceylanicum and other canine zoonotic hookworms as neglected health threats.A.ceylanicum is the second most prevalent human hook-worm in the region;it is the most common hookworm among dogs and cats-reservoirs of zoonotic infections.Previous population genetic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that A.ceylanicum has three possible transmis-sion dynamics:zoonotic,animal-only,and human-only pathways.The actual burden of zoonotic ancylostomiasis in most endemic countries remains unknown due to the use of parasitological techniques(e.g.,Kato-Katz thick smear and floatation techniques)that have reduced diagnostic performance and do not allow accurate species identifica-tion in helminth surveys.The emergence of benzimidazole resistance in soil-transmitted helminths(STHs),includ-ing hookworms,is a concern due to the protracted implementation of mass drug administration(MDA).Resistance is conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that occur in theβ-tubulin isotype 1 gene.These mutations have been reported in drug-resistant A.caninum but have not been found in A.ceylanicum in the field.A.ceylanicum remains understudied in the Asia-Pacific region.The zoonotic nature of the parasite warrants investigation of its occur-rence in human and animal reservoir hosts to understand the dynamics of zoonotic transmission in different endemic foci.The detection of benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs in zoonotic hookworms from Asia-Pacific countries has yet to be thoroughly explored.Considering the high level of hookworm endemicity in the region,the circulation of resistant isolates between humans and animals potentially presents a significant One Health threat that can under-mine current MDA and proposed animal deworming-based control efforts.

Need of Practical Strategy for Improving Awareness of Acceptance of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among the Public and the Healthcare Workers

Since the emergence of COVID-19 in 2020,the threaten of emerging infectious diseases(EIDs)has attracted great attentions and echoes either from professional institutions,governments or public.The conceptualization of“Disease X”,which covers more than 30 families of viruses,has strongly actuated various resources into the development of medical countermeasures and the research across all families of pathogens.On the other hand,the endemic even pandemic old communicable diseases,such as tuberculosis(TB),malaria,HIV/AIDS,etc.,should never be neglected.Globally in 2023,the estimated TB cases was 10.8 million and the estimated deaths was 1.25 million according to the Global Tuberculosis Report 2024 by World Health Organization(WHO)[1].The most affected countries are India,Indonesia,China,the Philippines,Pakistan,Nigeria,Bangladesh,and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Potential mosquito-associated melioidosis and analysis of sample processing results in Hainan, China, 2023

Burkholderia(B.)pseudomallei is a Gram-negative bacterium causing melioidosis,a tropical infection that is being recognized as a growing public health problem[1].Melioidosis,with mortality rates ranging from under 10%to 40%,is a significant concern in Southeast Asia,Australia,and beyond[2].The underdiagnosis,particularly in rural areas,emphasizes the need for improved awareness,surveillance,and management,potentially classifying melioidosis as a neglected tropical disease[3].

Neglected congenital bilateral knee dislocation treated by quadricepsplasty with semitendinosus and sartorius transfer:A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital knee dislocation(CKD)is a rare condition,which accounts for 1%of congenital hip dislocations.It can present as an isolated condition or coexist with other genetic disorders.Treatment options include serial casting,percutaneous quadriceps recession,and V-Y quadricepsplasty(VYQ).The pathogenesis and hereditary patterns of CKD are not fully understood,with most cases being familial.CKD is usually managed immediately after birth.However,in this report,the patient was neglected for 2 years.CASE SUMMARY A 2-year-old girl with bilateral CKD after birth presented to our hospital after failed serial casting;the patient had seizures and limited access to healthcare because of her family’s low socioeconomic status.Her birth was noted for a breech presentation accompanied by oligohydramnios.The delivery took a long time,requiring immediate medical interventions.As an infant,she had chronic diseases,including a small patent ductus arteriole,multicystic dysplastic kidney disease,and epilepsy.She was found to have a bilateral knee dislocation of approximately-90°on hyperextension.A multidisciplinary team was involved,and medical care was optimized.She underwent VYQ plus semitendinosus and sartorius transfer.After four postoperative follow-ups,her knees were regaining mobility,and she could walk for 2-3 steps without assistance.CONCLUSION This report highlights the importance of early intervention and recommends extensive studies of the management in similar cases.

Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding Evaluation Criteria

Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease. However, within the field of neglected tropical diseases some seem far more neglected than others. In this research the aim is to investigate the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding allocation for neglected tropical diseases. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide range of neglected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of original data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding organizations, concerning evaluation criteria for funding research proposals. Results: The findings reveal a large difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neglected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strategic fit. Private organizations prioritize strategic fit and economic impact;philanthropic organizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public generally prioritize the probability of success by accounting for follow-up funding and involvement of industry. Funding decisions of different types of organizations are highly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding proposals introduces and retains unequal funding distribution, reinforcing the relative neglect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding but application of it as a funding criterion is associated with significant challenges. Furthermore, current application of evaluation criteria leads to a primary focus on short-term impact. Through current practice, the relatively most neglected diseases will remain so, and a long-term strategy is needed to resolve this.

Evaluation of Some Treatment Options Inlate and Neglected Hip Fractures Using the Modified Harris Hip Score

Background: The choice of the appropriate operative intervention in patients with late and neglected hip fracture continuous to be a huge dilemma for orthopedic surgeons. Purpose: To evaluate the satisfaction or otherwise of some treatment options using the modified Harris-hip score (HHS) in resource poor setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at ATBUTH, Bauchi. Data of 60 patients over the age of 18 years with hip fractures (femoral neck, intertrochanteric and sub trochanteric fractures) who had operative intervention between 1st September 2019 and 31st August 2020 with cannulated screws, Proximal femur lock compression plate (PFLCP), cementlessor cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA). Results: The mean age of studied patients was 65.7 ± 16.1 years, with age ranging from 19 - 101 years. M:F ratio was 1.2:1 across all age groups and 1:1.4 amongst those >60 years. 51 patients (85%) presented > 1 week after injury with 24 patients (40%) sustaining hip fractures from low energy trivial indoor fall and 28 patients (46.7%) mostly younger sustaining fractures from high energy motor vehicular accident (MVA). The prevalence rate for femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures were 32 (53.3%), 17 (28.3%) and 11 (18.3%) respectively. From the data retrieved, 21patients (35.0%), 17 patients (28.3%), 20 patients (33.3%) and 2 patients (3.3%) had PFLCP, cemented BHA, cementless BHA and cannulated screw fixation respectively. Most (66.7%) of those who had PFLCP achieved satisfactory radiologic union and there was also 94.1% and 85% satisfactory outcome rate amongst the patients with cemented BHA and cementless BHA respectively. Irrespective of the operative intervention method at 1 year follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in post-operative HHS (P value 0.02), with 83.4% having good to excellent results. Conclusion: There is highrate of late and neglected hip fracture in our environment. Satisfactory outcome with statistically significant improvement in Post-operative HHS was achieved in patients treated for hip fractures.

Traumatic Neglected Antero-Medial Knee Dislocation: Case Report

Introduction: Neglected knee dislocation is an unusual injury, only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The circumstances of onset are generally an unnoticed knee dislocation in a polytrauma context or a delay in consultation after the initial trauma. Presentation of case: We report the case of a 48-year-old female patient who sustained a knee injury during a domestic accident. Initial treatment was traditional and was followed for 3 years. She then consulted hospital, where a neglected knee dislocation was identified and treated with femorotibial arthrodesis. Discussion and conclusion: The treatment options of neglected knee dislocation include open reduction and fixation, arthrodesis and total knee arthroplasty. That the choice depends on the old unreduced of dislocation.

One Health as a potential platform to rescue the neglected fruit trees in Yucatan,Mexico

Neglected and underutilized species of plants(NUS)have been identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization as valuable resources for fighting poverty,hunger and malnutrition as they can help make agricultural production systems more sustainable and resilient.Adaptation of NUS to changing environments over several millennia has rendered most of these plants resistant to pests and climate change.In this paper,we explore the potential values of some of the Mayan fruit trees justifying conservation efforts in their native habitats.Our research was primarily based on a scoping review using Google Scholar.We considered articles published in English,Spanish and Portuguese.Our review rendered two sets of articles including those focusing on the nutritional and medicinal properties of NUS and their products,and those focusing on their uses in traditional medicine.Both sets of papers strongly support arguments for conservation of NUS.Additionally,our scoping review expands and includes a case study on the conservation of NUS,highlighting the critical role of civil society on how it can spearhead rescue efforts of botanical resources through the creation of what is possibly the first arboretum of its kind in the Americas.Among the project's key selling points was not only the rescue of an important component of Yucatan's cultural heritage but its nutritional value as well as its potential medicinal properties.Our paper is not prescriptive on how to preserve or even commercially exploit NUS.It is intended as a thought-provoking piece on the potential of a One Health approach as a multi-sectoral platform to support conservation efforts,while stimulating greater interest in the subject and encouraging more action from the academic and pharmaceutical sectors as well as civil society.

MEDIA WATCH

A RIVER AWAKENED China Newsweek 1 April Nicknamed the“Seine of Beijing,”the Liangma River has truly become one of the capital’s trendiest hangout spots.Flowing from downtown to the eastern suburbs,the river o"ers a comprehensive slice of life in Beijing.For much of its recent history,the river remained a filthy,neglected urban canal.

国内外医药期刊载文及被引用情况对比及分析——以《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》与《PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases》为例

《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》是中国唯一一本被美国科学引文索引(SCI)数据库收录的全英文版热带医药期刊。文章通过Web of Science数据库对《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》2008-2012年载文及被引用情况进行了统计,并与国际热带医药杂志《PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases》进行比较。结果显示,《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》与《PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases》在IF值、载文量、被引总频次、每项平均引用次数、h指数等各方面都存在显著差距,杂志需不断加强组稿,完善审稿评议流程,缩短出版周期,建立出版后信息反馈制度,以提高杂志的学术质量和国际影响力。

Density-dependent shock Hugoniot of polycrystalline diamond at pressures relevant to ICF

In inertial confinement fusion(ICF),polycrystalline diamond-referred to as high density carbon(HDC)-has become a promising ablator candidate.However,with smaller grain size and lower initial density,the equation of state(EOS)for HDC can deviate from that for single-crystal diamond,which could be a concern for ICF designs,but current experimental EOS studies for HDC are far from sufficient to clarify how initial density affects target compressibility.Presented here are measurements of the Hugoniot for HDC with an initial density of 3.23 g/cm^(3) at pressures of 17–26 Mbar.Combined with experimental data reported for nanocrystalline diamond(NCD),a stiffer compressibility of NCD due to lower initial density is confirmed.Two porous models are used for comparison and seem to offer better agreement compared with SESAME databases.Also,the effect of temperature on the Gruneisen parameter,which is usually neglected,might need to be considered for NCD under these conditions.The present data offer important support for EOS studies relevant to ICF and constrain the construction of wide-range EOS.

Demographic,socioeconomic and environmental changes affecting circulation of neglected tropical diseases in Egypt

Egypt has been plagued by many neglected tropical diseases since Pharaonic time.These diseases are Schistosomiasis.soil transmitted helminthiasis,lymphatic filariasis.leishmaniasis and fascioliasis beside the epidermal parasitic skin diseases.Indeed,theses disease still persist as public health problem in the country by the influence of demographic,socioeconomic and environmental obstacles.This study seeks for understanding the contribution of each factor in each obstacle in neglected tropical diseases perpetuation which in turn could help the governorate in planning integrated control strategies.It was found that poverty,unregulated urbanization and inadequate sanitation are important socioeconomic factors that have great effect on the transmission dynamics of the disease.The environmental factors which affect the epidemiology of these diseases in the counln are scarcity of water,construction of dams,land reclamation for agriculture beside the climate factors.Unfortunately.the panic increase in the population growth rale minimizes the efforts done by the governorate to elevate the public health services.These conditions also affect the transmission of epidermal parasitic skin diseases including scabies,head lice and hookworm—related cutaneous larva migrans.The control programs and the recommendations to combat the diseases were discussed.The present study showed that the ecological factors affecting each neglected tropical disease in Egypt are somewhat similar which makes it worthy to develop an integrated control approaches aiming at improving the leading factors of neglected tropical diseases circulation in the country.

Parental Alcoholism,Adverse Childhood Experiences,and Later Risk of Personal Alcohol Abuse among Chinese Medical Students

Objective To determine the status of adverse childhood experiences （ACEs） and the association of multiple ACEs with both parental alcoholism and later personal alcohol abuse among Chinese medical students with a view of improving adolescent health and reducing alcohol abuse among them. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 2073 Chinese medical students completed a survey on ten categories of ACEs in Anhui province of China. The association of parental alcoholism with ACEs and personal alcohol abuse was assessed by logistic regression analyses. Results The adjusted odds ratio （OR） for each category of ACEs in the subjects whose parents （either fathers or mothers or both） had alcohol abuse was 2 to 14 times higher than that in those with parental alcoholism （P〈0.05）. Subjects with bi-parental alcoholism had the highest likelihood of ACEs. Compared with the subjects without ACEs, therisk of personal alcohol abuse was increased by 2-4-folds in the subjects with ACEs, irrespective of parental alcoholism （P〈0.05）. The total number of ACEs （ACE score） had a graded relationship to 4 categories of personal alcohol abuse with or without parental alcoholism. The prevalence of personal alcohol abuse among the subjects with parental alcoholism was higher, which was independent of ACE scores. Conclusion The prevalence of ACEs is generally serious in China. Efforts should be made to prevent and treat children with ACEs and subsequently to reduce alcohol abuse and later problems.

Distinct neuronal excitability alterations of medial prefrontal cortex in early-life neglect model of rats

Object:Early-life neglect has irreversible emotional effects on the central nervous system.In this work,we aimed to elucidate distinct functional neural changes in me-dial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)of model rats.Methods:Maternal separation with early weaning was used as a rat model of early-life neglect.The excitation of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in rat mPFC was recorded and analyzed by whole-cell patch clamp.Results:Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons of mPFC were distinguished by typi-cal electrophysiological properties.The excitation of mPFC glutamatergic neurons was significantly increased in male groups,while the excitation of mPFC GABAergic neurons was significant in both female and male groups,but mainly in terms of rest membrane potential and amplitude,respectively.Conclusions:Glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in medial prefrontal cortex showed different excitability changes in a rat model of early-life neglect,which can contribute to distinct mechanisms for emotional and cognitive manifestations.

Evaluation of Colloidal Gold Immunochromatography for the Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis Caused by Smooth Brucella

Brucellosis is an infectious allergic zoonotic disease caused by bacterial species in the genus Brucella. It is a Class B infectious disease according to the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in China. According to the World Health Organization, brucellosis is currently a highly neglected zoonotic disease. Despite this, more than 170 countries have reported cases of brucellosis, and approximately 500,000 new cases are reported each year.

Impact of Cross-Phase Modulation Induced by Classical Channels on the CV-QKD in a Hybrid System

We calculate the magnitude of cross phase modulation(XPM)induced by classical channels,and analyze its impact on quantum secure key rate.The results show that the XPM induced by classical signals is small and its impact on the quantum key distribution can be neglected.

Prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections among school-age children in the Cagayan Valley, the Philippines

Objective:To identify the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)among school-age children in the Cagayan Valley,the Philippines,assess their level of awareness on the disease,and determine predisposing factors of the disease.Methods:A total of 478 GradesⅢ-Ⅴschool-age children in Pamplona and Sanchez-Mira School Districts in the Cagayan Valley answered the questionnaire assessing their knowledge,attitude,and practices on STH,subjected to anthropometric measurements,and provided faecal samples for parasitologic assessment(direct smear,Kato-Katz,and formol-ether concentration techniques).Results:The participants of the study,with 55.86%females,were 8 to 14 years old.Their nutritional status was assessed‘normal’(84.31%),‘severely wasted’(6.49%),‘wasted’(5.23%),‘overweight’(2.72%),and‘obese’(1.26%).The prevalence of infection with at least 1 STH species was 25.99%in Pamplona and 19.40%in SanchezMira.Overall,the prevalence of heavy intensity was 7.11%for Ascaris lumbricoides and 1.67%for Trichuris trichiura.All hookworm infections had light intensities.The majority of the school-age children had a low score in the KAP test.In knowledge of STH,‘stunted growth as a symptom of infection’was associated with a lower risk of Ascaris lumbricoides infection(OR 0.448;95%CI 0.212,0.945;P=0.035)while‘playing with soil as a mode of transmission’was associated with an increased risk of Ascaris lumbricoides infection(OR 2.067;95%CI 1.014,4.212;P=0.046).In attitude towards STH,‘I think I have intestinal worm now’was associated with a higher risk of Ascaris lumbricoides infection(OR 1.681;95%CI 1.061,2.662;P=0.027).Conclusions:The prevalence rate of Ascaris lumbricoides among the school-age children in the Cagayan Valley shows the need to further intensify intervention in the area to meet the threshold set by the World Health Organization.The identified predictors of infection,which concerns the school-age children’s knowledge and attitude toward STH,can be used in augmenting intervention programs in the future.

The emerging but neglected hepatic capillariasis in China

To the editor,Hepatic capillariasis is a serious parasitic zoonosis caused by the tissue-dwelling nematode Capillaria hepatica(C.hepatica).Humans are an accidental host;human infection is acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with infective eggs.Hepatic capillariasis may cause clinical signs and symptoms of varying intensity from mild to severe,with a possible fatal outcome.The typical manifestations are persistent fever,hepatomegaly,and eosinophilia[1].

Rabies in a postpandemic world:resilient reservoirs,redoubtable riposte,recurrent roadblocks,and resolute recidivism

Rabies is an ancient disease.Two centuries since Pasteur,fundamental progress occurred in virology,vaccinology,and diagnostics—and an understanding of pathobiology and epizootiology of rabies in testament to One Health—before common terminological coinage.Prevention,control,selective elimination,and even the unthinkable—occasional treatment—of this zoonosis dawned by the twenty-first century.However,in contrast to smallpox and rinderpest,eradication is a wishful misnomer applied to rabies,particularly post-COVID-19 pandemic.Reasons are minion.Polyhostality encompasses bats and mesocarnivores,but other mammals represent a diverse spectrum of potential hosts.While rabies virus is the classical member of the genus,other species of lyssaviruses also cause the disease.Some reservoirs remain cryptic.Although global,this viral encephalitis is untreatable and often ignored.As with other neglected diseases,laboratory-based surveillance falls short of the notifiable ideal,especially in lower-and middleincome countries.Calculation of actual burden defaults to a flux within broad health economic models.Competing priorities,lack of defined,long-term international donors,and shrinking local champions challenge human prophylaxis and mass dog vaccination toward targets of 2030 for even canine rabies impacts.For prevention,all licensed vaccines are delivered to the individual,whether parenteral or oral–essentially‘one and done’.Exploiting mammalian social behaviors,future‘spreadable vaccines’might increase the proportion of immunized hosts per unit effort.However,the release of replication-competent,genetically modified organisms selectively engineered to spread intentionally throughout a population raises significant biological,ethical,and regulatory issues in need of broader,transdisciplinary discourse.How this rather curious idea will evolve toward actual unconventional prevention,control,or elimination in the near term remains debatable.In the interim,more precise terminology and realistic expectations serve as the norm for diverse,collective constituents to maintain progress in the field.