The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to cont...The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to control needle depth, lifting and thrusting frequency, and the duration of acupuncture. Effects of the quantified acupuncture were observed at Neiguan (PC6) with different stimulation parameters. A frequency of 1, 2, or 3 Hz and duration of 5, 60, or 180 seconds were used to observe cerebral blood flow and ratio of infarct volume recovery. Results showed that stimulation at Neiguan with a frequency of 1 Hz and long duration of 180 seconds or 2/3 Hz and long duration of 5/60 seconds significantly increased cerebral blood flow and decreased the ratio of infarct volume. In- teractions between frequency and duration play a critical role in quantified acupuncture therapy.展开更多
The influence of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6)and five shu points of twelve regular meridians at different time on systolic time interval (ST I) of normal young adultswere studied with 6×6 Latin square de...The influence of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6)and five shu points of twelve regular meridians at different time on systolic time interval (ST I) of normal young adultswere studied with 6×6 Latin square design in this work.In 12 groups according to 12 regular merldlans,the STIs were measured respectively just before and after electro-acupuncture on Neiguan andfive shu points at 00:00,04:00,08:00,12:00,16:00 and 20:00 of a day.It was found thatexcept the PEPI and PEPI/LVETI ratio among Shenmen(HT 7),Shaochong(HT 9)and Neiguan,Guanchong(TE)and Yemen(TE 2)points,the effects of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan pointand five shu points of twelve regular meridians on the indices of STI of normal young adults wereshowing no slgnificant differences.There also was no difference in different sex.But the indices ofSTI were changed when electroacupuncture on the different points of different meridians at differenttime.展开更多
In the present paper, the authors review recent situations of clinical application of Neiguan (PC 6内关), etc. in the treatment of disorders of the digestive system and its related research progresses. In clinical pra...In the present paper, the authors review recent situations of clinical application of Neiguan (PC 6内关), etc. in the treatment of disorders of the digestive system and its related research progresses. In clinical practice, Neiguan (PC 6) is usually selected as one of the main acupoints to treat gastrointestinal reactions induced by ① nausea and vomiting, ② hiccup, ③ gastrointestinal dyskinesia, ④ gastritis, and ⑤ intra-gastric examination, cesarean section, etc. Concerning experimental studies, the effects of Neiguan (PC 6), etc. on ① gastric electrical activities, ② gastrointestinal motion, ③ gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and ④ gastric mucosal structure were observed. Results indicated that Neiguan (PC 6) is an important and effective acupoint for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in clinic. Stimulation of Neiguan (PC 6) induced favorable regulation of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system, and changes of the gastrointestinal hormone secretion may contribute to its effects in treating various disorders.展开更多
In spite of normal mean aterlal pressure,decrease of pulse pressure can induce a seriesof clinical symptoms,which is termed as low pulse pressure syndrorne.Acupuncture at bilateralNeiguan(PC 6)is Capable of raising ...In spite of normal mean aterlal pressure,decrease of pulse pressure can induce a seriesof clinical symptoms,which is termed as low pulse pressure syndrorne.Acupuncture at bilateralNeiguan(PC 6)is Capable of raising systolic pressure, lowering diastolic pressure, increasing pulsepressure difference and eliminating corresponding symptoms.The effective rate was more than 92%in this observation.展开更多
To find a simple and an inexpensive by method to reduce postoperative nausea and vom iting abbreviated to (PONV) caused subarachoid morphine analgesia. Methods: ninty-eight gyneeco logic patients who took 0. 5 mg morp...To find a simple and an inexpensive by method to reduce postoperative nausea and vom iting abbreviated to (PONV) caused subarachoid morphine analgesia. Methods: ninty-eight gyneeco logic patients who took 0. 5 mg morphine by subarahaid space to control postoperative pain, randomly divided into group Ⅰ (n = 50) whose bilateral Neiguan were blocked by 0. 25% bupivacaine 2 ml, group Ⅱ (n= 48), who were intravenously injected ondansetron 4 mg, preoperatively and postopera tively to prevent nausea and vomiting. The numbers of the patients experienced PONV were observed for 48 hrs after operation. Result: group i had 15 patients, group Ⅱ had 14 ones, who experienced ~ (P >0. 05 ), Conclusion: Neiguan blocking can effectively prevnt PONV caused by subara choid morphine anslgesia without side effects.展开更多
To observe effect of moxibustion at Zusanli (足三里 ST 36) and Liangmen (梁门 ST 21 ) on expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in gastric mucosa of the rat of stress ulcer (SU) to explore the mechanism o...To observe effect of moxibustion at Zusanli (足三里 ST 36) and Liangmen (梁门 ST 21 ) on expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in gastric mucosa of the rat of stress ulcer (SU) to explore the mechanism of moxibustion in resisting oxidative injury of the gastric mucosa. Methods: Sixty SD rats were evenly randomized into 4 groups, a blank group, a model group, an acupoint moxibustion group and a non-acupoint moxibustion group. Water restraint stress (WRS) method was used to make stress gastric ulcer rat model. The ulcerative index (Ul) of gastric mucosa was evaluated by using GUTH method, the gastric mu- cosa blood flux (GMBF) was detected by a laser Doppler bloodflow monitor, and HSP70 expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the gastric mucosa were determined respectively with immunohistochemical and thiobarbiturate methods. Results: Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Liangmen (ST 21 ) significantly de- creased Ul, up-regulated HSP70 expression, increased GMBF, and decreased MDA content in the gastric mucosa in the rat of stress gastric ulcer, with significant differences as compared with the model group and the non-acupoint moxibustion group (P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ). Conclusion: Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Liangmen (ST 21 ) can induce high expression of HSP70 and decrease MDA content in the gastric mucosa, so as to resist oxidative injury, with relative acupoint specificity.展开更多
This study compares the changes of DNA repair in brain tissue dominated by the middle cerebral artery after electroacupuncture at the acupoints of Renzhong (DU 26), Neiguan (PC 6), Quchi (LI 11) and Zusanli (ST...This study compares the changes of DNA repair in brain tissue dominated by the middle cerebral artery after electroacupuncture at the acupoints of Renzhong (DU 26), Neiguan (PC 6), Quchi (LI 11) and Zusanli (ST 36) in rats. In the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease DNA basic group reparative excision experiments, the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity of brain tissue increased slightly after electroacupuncture in rats. In the DNA polymerase β (Pol β)experiments, the Pol β ac-tivity of brain tissue increased after electroacupuncture, especially at DU 26 and PC 6. In the DNA ligase experiments, the expression of DNA ligase 1 in brain tissue increased significantly after electroacupuncture. These findings demonstrate increased activity of apurinic/apyrimidinic en-donuclease, Pol β and DNA ligase 1 after electroacupuncture at DU 26 and PC 6. Also, DNA repair in brain tissue supplied by the middle cerebral artery is promoted after electroacupuncture at DU 26 and PC 6, which are more effective than the LI 11 and ST 36 acupoints .展开更多
In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anestheti...In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anesthetized rabbits by using ECG-ST, MBP, LVP and dp/dt max as indexes. Results showed that:1) EA at "Neiguan" could significantly improve the electrical and mechanical activities of the ischemic heart; 2) the effect of EA could be enhanced to a certain degree when α1 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord were activated by subarachnoid microinjection of phenylephrine, while it was weakened when α1 receptors were inhibited by microinjection of parison; and 3) activation or inhibition of α2 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord by microinjection of clonidine and yohimbine had no marked influence on the effect of EA in improving electrical activity of the ischemic heart, but when activated,they could weaken the effect of EA in raising MBP; while suppressed, they had no any striking influence on the effect of EA in raising MBP. It suggests that among α-receptors, predominantly α1-receptors participate in the process of EA-induced improvement of performance of ischemic heart.展开更多
In this paper,the regularity on spontaneous dis-charges of the single unit in amygdaloid nucleus(AMYG)in rabbits were analyzed and whether thesignal of Electro-acupuncture(EA)at Neignan (P 6)can reach the AMYG was fur...In this paper,the regularity on spontaneous dis-charges of the single unit in amygdaloid nucleus(AMYG)in rabbits were analyzed and whether thesignal of Electro-acupuncture(EA)at Neignan (P 6)can reach the AMYG was further observed withthe technique of glass microelectrode.It was foundthat the signals of EA at Neignan can reach AMYGand activate or inhibit the electrical activity of somencurons,manifesting two response patterns:fre-quency-increasing and frequency-decreasing.Addi-tionally,the same neuron had a different response tothe signals of EA at Neiguan and Zusanli(St 36),suggesting that a relative specificity of acupoints ispresent.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) protein and mRNA expression defect can cause the abnormal morphology and slowing conduction velocity of peripheral nerve. Morphologic change and functional disorder ...BACKGROUND: Ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) protein and mRNA expression defect can cause the abnormal morphology and slowing conduction velocity of peripheral nerve. Morphologic change and functional disorder of myelin sheath and axon appear when diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) occurs. Whether electroacupuncture at Zusanfi(ST 36) and Shenshu(BL 32) points can enhance the expression of CGT protein and mRNA in the DPN tissue? OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points on motor, sensory conduction velocity and CGT mRNA and its protein expression of sciatic nerve in rats with DPN. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment SETTING : Department of Neurology and Central Laboratory, Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS : Totally 60 healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade, aged 4 month, with body mass of 200 to 220 g, were enrolled in this study. Streptozotocin (STZ, Sigma Company of USA, Batch No. S-0130). METHODS: This study was carried out in the Animal Experimental Center and Central Laboratory, Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine during February 2005 to March 2006. (1) Fifteen rats were randomly chosen,serving as normal group.AU the other rats were intraperitoneally injected once with STZ to develop experimental diabetic rat models. If fasting blood glucose was ≥ 15 mmol/L,sensory nerve and motor nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerve was obviously slowed, tail-swaying temperature threshold was increased and myelinated nerve fiber of sciatic nerve changed, DPN models were successful. The successful model rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: model group, control group(electroacupuncture at non-meridian-non-acupoint)and electroacupuncture group [electroacupuncture at Zusan/i and Shenshu points], with 15 rats each. The rats in the normal group and model group were untouched. In the electroacupuncture group (electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points), Shenshu point (double) and Zusanfi point (double) were chosen referencing to The Atlas of the Rat's Acupoints. G6805- Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was used, and current intensity was controlled at 20 min/time, once every other day, 12 times within 24 days. In the control group, the tip of rat-tail was stimulated, and the concrete procedures were the same as in the electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points. (2) Motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats were detected with neuroelectrophysiology detector in the end of the treatment, and the expressions of CGT protein and mRNA of sciatic nerve were detected with immunohistochemical method and fluorescent quantitative PCR technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity. (2) The expression of CGT protein and its mRNA. RESULTS: All the 60 rats entered the stage of result analysis. (1) Comparison of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats after electroacupuncture: Motor nerve conduction velocity of rats in the model group[(31.37±3.69) m/s], control group [(32.74±5.42) m/s] and electroacupuncture group [(41.30 ±1.15) m/s] was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(41.30±1.15) m/s, P 〈 0.01]; The sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats in the model group[(18.17±9.54) m/s], control group [(21.39±5.61) m/s]and electroacupuncture group [(35.81 ±4.59) m/s] was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(46.38± 6.32) m/s,P 〈 0.01]; The motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group [(38.04±2.01) m/s vs. (32.74±5.42) m/s,(35.81±4.59) m/s vs. (21.39±5.61) m/s,P 〈 0.01]. (2) Comparison of the expression of CGT protein of sciatic nerve of rats: The number of CGT positive cells of sciatic nerve in model group, control group or electroacupuncture group was significantly smaller than that in normal group [(9 770.33±1 461.73), (10 588.13±1119.52), (27 518.27± 9 078.29), (37 769.67±4 021.81)/μm^2,P 〈 0.01]; The number of CGT positive cells of the sciatic nerve in the electroacupuncture group was significantly larger than that in the model group and control group (P 〈 0.01). The number of CGT positive cells of sciatic nerve was close between control group and electroacupuncture group (P 〉 0.05). (3) Comparison of CGT mRNA expression of sciatic nerve of rats: Ct value of CGT mRNA of sciatic nerve of rats in the model group,control group and electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (13.75±2.60,14.81±2.80,11.67±1.75,9.30±0.98, P 〈 0.01 ); Ct value of CGT mRNA of sciatic nerve of rats in the electroacupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the model group and control group (P 〈 0.01), and that was close between electroacupuncture group and control group (P 〉 0.05). CONCLUSION : Electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points can increase motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats with DPN. It might be associated with up-regulating the expression of CGT mRNA and its protein.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: Improvement in lung function was reported after acupuncture treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Because an immune response imba...OBJECTIVE: Improvement in lung function was reported after acupuncture treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Because an immune response imbalance could be seen in COPD, we hypothesize that electroacupuncture (EA) may play a role in regulating inflammatory cytokines and contribute to lung protection in a rat model of smoke-induced COPD. METHODS: A COPD model using male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke was established. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, sham, COPD, and COPD plus EA), and COPD model was evaluated by measuring pulmonary pathological changes and lung function. EA was applied to the acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min/d for 14 d in sham and COPD rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was used to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-113 (IL-113), and malonaldehyde (MDA). RESULTS: Compared with the control rats, COPD rats had significant changes in lung resistance (R,) and lung compliance (C,) (both P〈0.01), bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P〈0.01), and levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β(P〈0.01). There were no significant differences between the control and the sham groups. Compared with the COPD rats, the COPD plus EA rats had decreased R, and increased CL (both P〈0.05), and reduced bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P〈0.05, P〈0.01, respectively), while levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA in BALF were lowered (P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, respectively). However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels of the EA group rats remained higher than those of the control group (P〈0.05). CONCLUSION: EA at ST36 can reduce lung injury in a COPD rat model, and beneficial effects may be related to down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects may prolong the clinical benefit of EA.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that sensory transduction is a way to introduce needle sensation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of electro-acupuncture at the "Zusanll" (ST 36) point on lower extremity motor...BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that sensory transduction is a way to introduce needle sensation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of electro-acupuncture at the "Zusanll" (ST 36) point on lower extremity motor function in various sensory disturbance patients with cerebral stroke. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, clinical study was performed at the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Centre from September 2006 to June 2008. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with first-time cerebral infarction or hemorrhage, or with a stroke history, but no neurodysfunction (single damage), were selected for this study. The subjects were right-handed and disease state was stable. A total of 240 inpatients were randomly assigned to the following groups: electro-acupuncture (n = 124) and control (n = 116). The two groups were further assigned into sub-groups: no sensory disturbance, superficial sensory disturbance, deep sensory disturbance, and deep and superficial sensory disturbance. METHODS: On the basis of routine limb function training, the acupoint Zusanliwas utilized in all patients from the electro-acupuncture group. Perpendicular acupuncture was 3.0-4.0 cm deep. An electric acupuncture instrument was connected when patients developed the needle sensation, deqi. A stimulation pattern consisting of distant and dense waves of 50 Hz was used to elicit slight dorsal foot extension. Acupuncture was administered 5 times per week, 30 minutes per session, for 6 weeks in total. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FugI-Meyer assessment (FMA) was used to evaluate lower extremity motor function; Ver.1.0 gait analysis to estimate gait (step frequency, step speed, and step scope); lower extremity Composite Spasticity Scale (CSS) to estimate muscle spastic degree. RESULTS: Following treatment, motor function improved in both groups. Compared with the control group, FMA score, step speed, step frequency, and step scope were increased in the electro-acupuncture group, but there was no difference in lower extremity CSS scores between the electro-acupuncture and the control groups (P 〉 0.05). Compared with the control group, Zusanli (ST 36) electro-acupuncture improved motor function indices as follows: FMA score, step frequency, step speed, and step scope of patients with no sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05-0.01), step frequency of patients with superficial sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05), and step frequency and step speed of patients with deep sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: Zusanfi (ST 36) electro-acupuncture effects on lower extremity motor function in stroke patients were improved with no muscle tone rise. Therefore, this form of treatment can be used in convalescent treatment, Moreover, effects were different according to various sensory disturbance types, which suggested that sensory input influenced acupuncture effects.展开更多
Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of neostigmine injections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint whentreating postpartum urinary retention. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify randomiz...Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of neostigmine injections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint whentreating postpartum urinary retention. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlledtrials (RCTs) involving neostigmine injections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint for treating postpartum urinaryretention. We searched the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VipDatabase, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from the creation of the database to December 30, 2016. Bias riskassessment was performed using Revman 5.3 software from Cochrane based on the criteria set out in the CochraneHandbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0. Results: Thirteen studies were included with 627participants in the treatment group and 584 participants in the control group. (1) Overall response rate: neostigmineinjections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint have a better curative effect than injections given in muscle, odds ratio(OR) = 8.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) [5.83, 13.10], Z = 10.49 (P 〈 0.001); (2) Comparison of effects at differentdosages: (i) 0.5 mg of neostigmine Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint injection group has better effect than 1 mg of neostigmineintramuscular injection group, OR = 15.84, 95% CI [5.74, 43.72],Z = 5.34 (P 〈 0.001), (ii) 0.5 mg of neostigmineinjection given at the Zusanli acupoint has a better curative effect than 0.5 mg of neostigmine injection given in muscle ,OR = 7.30, 95% CI [3.47, 15.34], Z = 5.24 (P 〈 0.001); (iii) 1 mg of neostigmine injection at the Zusanli (ST 36)acupoint has better efficacy than 1 mg of neostigmine injection in muscle, OR = 7.76, 95% CI [4.46, 13.52], Z = 7.25 (P〈 0.001). Conclusion: Neostigmine injections at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint have beneficial effects in treatingpostpartum urinary retention. However, the low quality of the studies included in the meta-analysis raises questions overthe reliability of the results. Further studies are still needed.展开更多
Studies have shown that pre-moxibustion protects the gastric mucosa by up-regulating the expression of heat shock protein 70. However, the signaling pathway underlying this effect remains unclear. Rats were intragastr...Studies have shown that pre-moxibustion protects the gastric mucosa by up-regulating the expression of heat shock protein 70. However, the signaling pathway underlying this effect remains unclear. Rats were intragastrically administered absolute alcohol, causing obvious lesion of the gastric mucosa. Following pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi (ST36) for 8 days, the ulcer index decreased to different degrees. The results of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting showed significant upregulation of heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa and serum. None out of transection of the spinal cord, damage to the nucleus of the solitary tract, neurotomy of the vagal nerve and neurotomy of the common peroneal nerve affected the decrease in ulcer index or the increase in heat shock protein 70 expression in serum after pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi, and heat shock protein 70 expression was obviously decreased in the gastric mucosa. These findings suggest that pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi can protect the gastric mucosa against lesioning, and that the mechanism underlying this effect involves its induction of heat shock protein 70 expression. Neural pathways participate in the regulatory effects of moxibustion on heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa.展开更多
This paper reports that 65 cases with functional constipation were treated by putting one Wang Bu Liu Xing (semen vaccariae) seed on each acupoint, Intestinum crassum, Intestinum tenue,Sympathicum, Lung, Spleen, Subco...This paper reports that 65 cases with functional constipation were treated by putting one Wang Bu Liu Xing (semen vaccariae) seed on each acupoint, Intestinum crassum, Intestinum tenue,Sympathicum, Lung, Spleen, Subcortex, of auricula and pressing, associated with acupuncture at Zusanli point on both sides. The patients were instructed to press the stuck seed twice a day for 3 to 5 minutes each time. Auricular acupoints of both sides were used alternately every 2 days. The electric acupuncture was applied at Zusanli points about 30 minutes each time every other day. Ten times (i. e. 20 days) make one course of treatment and the routine treatment consists of 1 to 2 courses. The results showed that all the patients were cured, patients with Shi Mi (the constipation of excess type) were cured after one course of treatrnent while Xu Mi (the constipation of deficiency type) were cured after two courses. The study suggests that this kind of treatment is an ideal therapy for functional constipation. The pathogenesis and mechanism of treatment of auricular acupuncture pressing associated with acupuncture at Zusanli point for constipation are discussed.展开更多
In present work,the effects of acupuncturing Renzhong(GV 26)and Zusanli(ST 36)on the neuronal activity of Locus Coeruleus(LC)in rats were observed and compared.The resultsindicated that the central mechanism o...In present work,the effects of acupuncturing Renzhong(GV 26)and Zusanli(ST 36)on the neuronal activity of Locus Coeruleus(LC)in rats were observed and compared.The resultsindicated that the central mechanism of promoting blood pressure(BP)by acupuncturing Renzhongwas related to the activity of LC;the influence of acupuncturing Renzhong on neuronal activity of LC was more obvious than that of acupuncturing Zusanli;and there was relative speciality between the acupoints.展开更多
We had treated 102 cases of obstinate peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis with ametal ring embedded in Zusanli acupoint since October 1989 to October 1992,and got satisfactorytherapeutic effects.The total effective rat...We had treated 102 cases of obstinate peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis with ametal ring embedded in Zusanli acupoint since October 1989 to October 1992,and got satisfactorytherapeutic effects.The total effective rate is 96.08%,the cure rate of peptic ulcer is 87.32%,therecurrence rate is significantly lower than that of control group(P【0.001),and it has no side-effect.展开更多
基金funded by Development Plan(973 Plan) of National Critical and Basic Research,No.2012CB518505,2010CB530500,2006CB504504
文摘The individual difference and non-repeatability in acupuncture have not only restricted the devel- opment of acupuncture, but have also affected the specificity of acupoints. The present study used instruments to control needle depth, lifting and thrusting frequency, and the duration of acupuncture. Effects of the quantified acupuncture were observed at Neiguan (PC6) with different stimulation parameters. A frequency of 1, 2, or 3 Hz and duration of 5, 60, or 180 seconds were used to observe cerebral blood flow and ratio of infarct volume recovery. Results showed that stimulation at Neiguan with a frequency of 1 Hz and long duration of 180 seconds or 2/3 Hz and long duration of 5/60 seconds significantly increased cerebral blood flow and decreased the ratio of infarct volume. In- teractions between frequency and duration play a critical role in quantified acupuncture therapy.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The influence of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6)and five shu points of twelve regular meridians at different time on systolic time interval (ST I) of normal young adultswere studied with 6×6 Latin square design in this work.In 12 groups according to 12 regular merldlans,the STIs were measured respectively just before and after electro-acupuncture on Neiguan andfive shu points at 00:00,04:00,08:00,12:00,16:00 and 20:00 of a day.It was found thatexcept the PEPI and PEPI/LVETI ratio among Shenmen(HT 7),Shaochong(HT 9)and Neiguan,Guanchong(TE)and Yemen(TE 2)points,the effects of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan pointand five shu points of twelve regular meridians on the indices of STI of normal young adults wereshowing no slgnificant differences.There also was no difference in different sex.But the indices ofSTI were changed when electroacupuncture on the different points of different meridians at differenttime.
文摘In the present paper, the authors review recent situations of clinical application of Neiguan (PC 6内关), etc. in the treatment of disorders of the digestive system and its related research progresses. In clinical practice, Neiguan (PC 6) is usually selected as one of the main acupoints to treat gastrointestinal reactions induced by ① nausea and vomiting, ② hiccup, ③ gastrointestinal dyskinesia, ④ gastritis, and ⑤ intra-gastric examination, cesarean section, etc. Concerning experimental studies, the effects of Neiguan (PC 6), etc. on ① gastric electrical activities, ② gastrointestinal motion, ③ gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and ④ gastric mucosal structure were observed. Results indicated that Neiguan (PC 6) is an important and effective acupoint for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in clinic. Stimulation of Neiguan (PC 6) induced favorable regulation of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system, and changes of the gastrointestinal hormone secretion may contribute to its effects in treating various disorders.
文摘In spite of normal mean aterlal pressure,decrease of pulse pressure can induce a seriesof clinical symptoms,which is termed as low pulse pressure syndrorne.Acupuncture at bilateralNeiguan(PC 6)is Capable of raising systolic pressure, lowering diastolic pressure, increasing pulsepressure difference and eliminating corresponding symptoms.The effective rate was more than 92%in this observation.
文摘To find a simple and an inexpensive by method to reduce postoperative nausea and vom iting abbreviated to (PONV) caused subarachoid morphine analgesia. Methods: ninty-eight gyneeco logic patients who took 0. 5 mg morphine by subarahaid space to control postoperative pain, randomly divided into group Ⅰ (n = 50) whose bilateral Neiguan were blocked by 0. 25% bupivacaine 2 ml, group Ⅱ (n= 48), who were intravenously injected ondansetron 4 mg, preoperatively and postopera tively to prevent nausea and vomiting. The numbers of the patients experienced PONV were observed for 48 hrs after operation. Result: group i had 15 patients, group Ⅱ had 14 ones, who experienced ~ (P >0. 05 ), Conclusion: Neiguan blocking can effectively prevnt PONV caused by subara choid morphine anslgesia without side effects.
文摘To observe effect of moxibustion at Zusanli (足三里 ST 36) and Liangmen (梁门 ST 21 ) on expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in gastric mucosa of the rat of stress ulcer (SU) to explore the mechanism of moxibustion in resisting oxidative injury of the gastric mucosa. Methods: Sixty SD rats were evenly randomized into 4 groups, a blank group, a model group, an acupoint moxibustion group and a non-acupoint moxibustion group. Water restraint stress (WRS) method was used to make stress gastric ulcer rat model. The ulcerative index (Ul) of gastric mucosa was evaluated by using GUTH method, the gastric mu- cosa blood flux (GMBF) was detected by a laser Doppler bloodflow monitor, and HSP70 expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the gastric mucosa were determined respectively with immunohistochemical and thiobarbiturate methods. Results: Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Liangmen (ST 21 ) significantly de- creased Ul, up-regulated HSP70 expression, increased GMBF, and decreased MDA content in the gastric mucosa in the rat of stress gastric ulcer, with significant differences as compared with the model group and the non-acupoint moxibustion group (P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ). Conclusion: Moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Liangmen (ST 21 ) can induce high expression of HSP70 and decrease MDA content in the gastric mucosa, so as to resist oxidative injury, with relative acupoint specificity.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program), No. 2009CB522904the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81173326, 81072868, 30973802 and 81102661Supported by Open Research Fund of Zhejiang First-foremost Key Subject-Acupuncture & Moxibustion, No. ZTK2010B05
文摘This study compares the changes of DNA repair in brain tissue dominated by the middle cerebral artery after electroacupuncture at the acupoints of Renzhong (DU 26), Neiguan (PC 6), Quchi (LI 11) and Zusanli (ST 36) in rats. In the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease DNA basic group reparative excision experiments, the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity of brain tissue increased slightly after electroacupuncture in rats. In the DNA polymerase β (Pol β)experiments, the Pol β ac-tivity of brain tissue increased after electroacupuncture, especially at DU 26 and PC 6. In the DNA ligase experiments, the expression of DNA ligase 1 in brain tissue increased significantly after electroacupuncture. These findings demonstrate increased activity of apurinic/apyrimidinic en-donuclease, Pol β and DNA ligase 1 after electroacupuncture at DU 26 and PC 6. Also, DNA repair in brain tissue supplied by the middle cerebral artery is promoted after electroacupuncture at DU 26 and PC 6, which are more effective than the LI 11 and ST 36 acupoints .
文摘In the present paper, the effect of α1 and α2 subtypes of the thoracic spinal cord on electroacupuncture (EA)-induced improvement of ischemic cardiac electrical and mechanical activities was observed in 80 anesthetized rabbits by using ECG-ST, MBP, LVP and dp/dt max as indexes. Results showed that:1) EA at "Neiguan" could significantly improve the electrical and mechanical activities of the ischemic heart; 2) the effect of EA could be enhanced to a certain degree when α1 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord were activated by subarachnoid microinjection of phenylephrine, while it was weakened when α1 receptors were inhibited by microinjection of parison; and 3) activation or inhibition of α2 receptors of the thoracic spinal cord by microinjection of clonidine and yohimbine had no marked influence on the effect of EA in improving electrical activity of the ischemic heart, but when activated,they could weaken the effect of EA in raising MBP; while suppressed, they had no any striking influence on the effect of EA in raising MBP. It suggests that among α-receptors, predominantly α1-receptors participate in the process of EA-induced improvement of performance of ischemic heart.
文摘In this paper,the regularity on spontaneous dis-charges of the single unit in amygdaloid nucleus(AMYG)in rabbits were analyzed and whether thesignal of Electro-acupuncture(EA)at Neignan (P 6)can reach the AMYG was further observed withthe technique of glass microelectrode.It was foundthat the signals of EA at Neignan can reach AMYGand activate or inhibit the electrical activity of somencurons,manifesting two response patterns:fre-quency-increasing and frequency-decreasing.Addi-tionally,the same neuron had a different response tothe signals of EA at Neiguan and Zusanli(St 36),suggesting that a relative specificity of acupoints ispresent.
基金the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of Chi-na, No. 30472238 the Grantfrom Bureau of Public Health ofShanghai City, No. 05JC14053Shanghai Key Subjects Con-struction Program, No. T0302
文摘BACKGROUND: Ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT) protein and mRNA expression defect can cause the abnormal morphology and slowing conduction velocity of peripheral nerve. Morphologic change and functional disorder of myelin sheath and axon appear when diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) occurs. Whether electroacupuncture at Zusanfi(ST 36) and Shenshu(BL 32) points can enhance the expression of CGT protein and mRNA in the DPN tissue? OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points on motor, sensory conduction velocity and CGT mRNA and its protein expression of sciatic nerve in rats with DPN. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment SETTING : Department of Neurology and Central Laboratory, Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS : Totally 60 healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade, aged 4 month, with body mass of 200 to 220 g, were enrolled in this study. Streptozotocin (STZ, Sigma Company of USA, Batch No. S-0130). METHODS: This study was carried out in the Animal Experimental Center and Central Laboratory, Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine during February 2005 to March 2006. (1) Fifteen rats were randomly chosen,serving as normal group.AU the other rats were intraperitoneally injected once with STZ to develop experimental diabetic rat models. If fasting blood glucose was ≥ 15 mmol/L,sensory nerve and motor nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerve was obviously slowed, tail-swaying temperature threshold was increased and myelinated nerve fiber of sciatic nerve changed, DPN models were successful. The successful model rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: model group, control group(electroacupuncture at non-meridian-non-acupoint)and electroacupuncture group [electroacupuncture at Zusan/i and Shenshu points], with 15 rats each. The rats in the normal group and model group were untouched. In the electroacupuncture group (electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points), Shenshu point (double) and Zusanfi point (double) were chosen referencing to The Atlas of the Rat's Acupoints. G6805- Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was used, and current intensity was controlled at 20 min/time, once every other day, 12 times within 24 days. In the control group, the tip of rat-tail was stimulated, and the concrete procedures were the same as in the electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points. (2) Motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats were detected with neuroelectrophysiology detector in the end of the treatment, and the expressions of CGT protein and mRNA of sciatic nerve were detected with immunohistochemical method and fluorescent quantitative PCR technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity. (2) The expression of CGT protein and its mRNA. RESULTS: All the 60 rats entered the stage of result analysis. (1) Comparison of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats after electroacupuncture: Motor nerve conduction velocity of rats in the model group[(31.37±3.69) m/s], control group [(32.74±5.42) m/s] and electroacupuncture group [(41.30 ±1.15) m/s] was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(41.30±1.15) m/s, P 〈 0.01]; The sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats in the model group[(18.17±9.54) m/s], control group [(21.39±5.61) m/s]and electroacupuncture group [(35.81 ±4.59) m/s] was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(46.38± 6.32) m/s,P 〈 0.01]; The motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group [(38.04±2.01) m/s vs. (32.74±5.42) m/s,(35.81±4.59) m/s vs. (21.39±5.61) m/s,P 〈 0.01]. (2) Comparison of the expression of CGT protein of sciatic nerve of rats: The number of CGT positive cells of sciatic nerve in model group, control group or electroacupuncture group was significantly smaller than that in normal group [(9 770.33±1 461.73), (10 588.13±1119.52), (27 518.27± 9 078.29), (37 769.67±4 021.81)/μm^2,P 〈 0.01]; The number of CGT positive cells of the sciatic nerve in the electroacupuncture group was significantly larger than that in the model group and control group (P 〈 0.01). The number of CGT positive cells of sciatic nerve was close between control group and electroacupuncture group (P 〉 0.05). (3) Comparison of CGT mRNA expression of sciatic nerve of rats: Ct value of CGT mRNA of sciatic nerve of rats in the model group,control group and electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (13.75±2.60,14.81±2.80,11.67±1.75,9.30±0.98, P 〈 0.01 ); Ct value of CGT mRNA of sciatic nerve of rats in the electroacupuncture group was significantly lower than that in the model group and control group (P 〈 0.01), and that was close between electroacupuncture group and control group (P 〉 0.05). CONCLUSION : Electroacupuncture at Zusanfi and Shenshu points can increase motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity of rats with DPN. It might be associated with up-regulating the expression of CGT mRNA and its protein.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070001,No. 30670771)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.09JC1402100,No.07DZ19722- 3)+1 种基金the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.B112)the Shanghai MICCA1 Key Laboratory (No.06DZ22103)
文摘OBJECTIVE: Improvement in lung function was reported after acupuncture treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Because an immune response imbalance could be seen in COPD, we hypothesize that electroacupuncture (EA) may play a role in regulating inflammatory cytokines and contribute to lung protection in a rat model of smoke-induced COPD. METHODS: A COPD model using male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke was established. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, sham, COPD, and COPD plus EA), and COPD model was evaluated by measuring pulmonary pathological changes and lung function. EA was applied to the acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min/d for 14 d in sham and COPD rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was used to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-113 (IL-113), and malonaldehyde (MDA). RESULTS: Compared with the control rats, COPD rats had significant changes in lung resistance (R,) and lung compliance (C,) (both P〈0.01), bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P〈0.01), and levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β(P〈0.01). There were no significant differences between the control and the sham groups. Compared with the COPD rats, the COPD plus EA rats had decreased R, and increased CL (both P〈0.05), and reduced bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P〈0.05, P〈0.01, respectively), while levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA in BALF were lowered (P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, respectively). However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels of the EA group rats remained higher than those of the control group (P〈0.05). CONCLUSION: EA at ST36 can reduce lung injury in a COPD rat model, and beneficial effects may be related to down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects may prolong the clinical benefit of EA.
基金the Foundation from China Rehabilitation Research Centre,No.2007-15
文摘BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that sensory transduction is a way to introduce needle sensation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of electro-acupuncture at the "Zusanll" (ST 36) point on lower extremity motor function in various sensory disturbance patients with cerebral stroke. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, clinical study was performed at the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Centre from September 2006 to June 2008. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with first-time cerebral infarction or hemorrhage, or with a stroke history, but no neurodysfunction (single damage), were selected for this study. The subjects were right-handed and disease state was stable. A total of 240 inpatients were randomly assigned to the following groups: electro-acupuncture (n = 124) and control (n = 116). The two groups were further assigned into sub-groups: no sensory disturbance, superficial sensory disturbance, deep sensory disturbance, and deep and superficial sensory disturbance. METHODS: On the basis of routine limb function training, the acupoint Zusanliwas utilized in all patients from the electro-acupuncture group. Perpendicular acupuncture was 3.0-4.0 cm deep. An electric acupuncture instrument was connected when patients developed the needle sensation, deqi. A stimulation pattern consisting of distant and dense waves of 50 Hz was used to elicit slight dorsal foot extension. Acupuncture was administered 5 times per week, 30 minutes per session, for 6 weeks in total. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FugI-Meyer assessment (FMA) was used to evaluate lower extremity motor function; Ver.1.0 gait analysis to estimate gait (step frequency, step speed, and step scope); lower extremity Composite Spasticity Scale (CSS) to estimate muscle spastic degree. RESULTS: Following treatment, motor function improved in both groups. Compared with the control group, FMA score, step speed, step frequency, and step scope were increased in the electro-acupuncture group, but there was no difference in lower extremity CSS scores between the electro-acupuncture and the control groups (P 〉 0.05). Compared with the control group, Zusanli (ST 36) electro-acupuncture improved motor function indices as follows: FMA score, step frequency, step speed, and step scope of patients with no sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05-0.01), step frequency of patients with superficial sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05), and step frequency and step speed of patients with deep sensory disturbance (P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: Zusanfi (ST 36) electro-acupuncture effects on lower extremity motor function in stroke patients were improved with no muscle tone rise. Therefore, this form of treatment can be used in convalescent treatment, Moreover, effects were different according to various sensory disturbance types, which suggested that sensory input influenced acupuncture effects.
文摘Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of neostigmine injections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint whentreating postpartum urinary retention. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlledtrials (RCTs) involving neostigmine injections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint for treating postpartum urinaryretention. We searched the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VipDatabase, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from the creation of the database to December 30, 2016. Bias riskassessment was performed using Revman 5.3 software from Cochrane based on the criteria set out in the CochraneHandbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0. Results: Thirteen studies were included with 627participants in the treatment group and 584 participants in the control group. (1) Overall response rate: neostigmineinjections given at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint have a better curative effect than injections given in muscle, odds ratio(OR) = 8.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) [5.83, 13.10], Z = 10.49 (P 〈 0.001); (2) Comparison of effects at differentdosages: (i) 0.5 mg of neostigmine Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint injection group has better effect than 1 mg of neostigmineintramuscular injection group, OR = 15.84, 95% CI [5.74, 43.72],Z = 5.34 (P 〈 0.001), (ii) 0.5 mg of neostigmineinjection given at the Zusanli acupoint has a better curative effect than 0.5 mg of neostigmine injection given in muscle ,OR = 7.30, 95% CI [3.47, 15.34], Z = 5.24 (P 〈 0.001); (iii) 1 mg of neostigmine injection at the Zusanli (ST 36)acupoint has better efficacy than 1 mg of neostigmine injection in muscle, OR = 7.76, 95% CI [4.46, 13.52], Z = 7.25 (P〈 0.001). Conclusion: Neostigmine injections at the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint have beneficial effects in treatingpostpartum urinary retention. However, the low quality of the studies included in the meta-analysis raises questions overthe reliability of the results. Further studies are still needed.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program), No.2009CB522904the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81173326 and 30973802+1 种基金the Hunan Provincial Scientific Project, No. 2011SK3095the Changsha Scientific Key Project, No. K1005020-31
文摘Studies have shown that pre-moxibustion protects the gastric mucosa by up-regulating the expression of heat shock protein 70. However, the signaling pathway underlying this effect remains unclear. Rats were intragastrically administered absolute alcohol, causing obvious lesion of the gastric mucosa. Following pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi (ST36) for 8 days, the ulcer index decreased to different degrees. The results of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting showed significant upregulation of heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa and serum. None out of transection of the spinal cord, damage to the nucleus of the solitary tract, neurotomy of the vagal nerve and neurotomy of the common peroneal nerve affected the decrease in ulcer index or the increase in heat shock protein 70 expression in serum after pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi, and heat shock protein 70 expression was obviously decreased in the gastric mucosa. These findings suggest that pre-moxibustion at Zusanfi can protect the gastric mucosa against lesioning, and that the mechanism underlying this effect involves its induction of heat shock protein 70 expression. Neural pathways participate in the regulatory effects of moxibustion on heat shock protein 70 expression in the gastric mucosa.
文摘This paper reports that 65 cases with functional constipation were treated by putting one Wang Bu Liu Xing (semen vaccariae) seed on each acupoint, Intestinum crassum, Intestinum tenue,Sympathicum, Lung, Spleen, Subcortex, of auricula and pressing, associated with acupuncture at Zusanli point on both sides. The patients were instructed to press the stuck seed twice a day for 3 to 5 minutes each time. Auricular acupoints of both sides were used alternately every 2 days. The electric acupuncture was applied at Zusanli points about 30 minutes each time every other day. Ten times (i. e. 20 days) make one course of treatment and the routine treatment consists of 1 to 2 courses. The results showed that all the patients were cured, patients with Shi Mi (the constipation of excess type) were cured after one course of treatrnent while Xu Mi (the constipation of deficiency type) were cured after two courses. The study suggests that this kind of treatment is an ideal therapy for functional constipation. The pathogenesis and mechanism of treatment of auricular acupuncture pressing associated with acupuncture at Zusanli point for constipation are discussed.
文摘In present work,the effects of acupuncturing Renzhong(GV 26)and Zusanli(ST 36)on the neuronal activity of Locus Coeruleus(LC)in rats were observed and compared.The resultsindicated that the central mechanism of promoting blood pressure(BP)by acupuncturing Renzhongwas related to the activity of LC;the influence of acupuncturing Renzhong on neuronal activity of LC was more obvious than that of acupuncturing Zusanli;and there was relative speciality between the acupoints.
文摘We had treated 102 cases of obstinate peptic ulcer and chronic gastritis with ametal ring embedded in Zusanli acupoint since October 1989 to October 1992,and got satisfactorytherapeutic effects.The total effective rate is 96.08%,the cure rate of peptic ulcer is 87.32%,therecurrence rate is significantly lower than that of control group(P【0.001),and it has no side-effect.