Tuberculous otitis media(TOM) is a rare manifestation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with low incidence rates among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the presence of severa...Tuberculous otitis media(TOM) is a rare manifestation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with low incidence rates among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the presence of several clinical manifestations and the high prevalence of secondary bacterial infections. Few reports have attributed secondary bacterial infections in patients with TOM to commensal Neisseria. Thus, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical features of commensal Neisseria is important, considering its recent presentation as an infection-causing pathogen. Neisseria mucosa is a commensal inhabitant in humans and is generally considered non-pathogenic but can cause infection in rare cases. Here, we report an atypical secondary infection caused by Neisseria mucosa in an 81-year-old woman with TOM being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Direct purulent otorrhea smear microscopy revealed no acid-fast bacilli using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, whereas the phagocytosis of gram-negative cocci by white blood cells was confirmed using Gram staining. Otorrhea culture revealed the growth of N. mucosa. Subsequently, M. tuberculosis infection in the otorrhea was identified using a culture-based method. Vigilance is critical for the early detection of TOM to prevent further complications. This report raises awareness regarding TOM and provides insight into the pathogenicity of N. mucosa in otitis media.展开更多
The objective of this multicentric study was to assess the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma génitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Brazzaville, in the Republic of...The objective of this multicentric study was to assess the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma génitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Brazzaville, in the Republic of Congo, using molecular methods. From January to December 2021, the sexually transmitted disease risk participants were recruited from six centers: The Association of Young HIV-Positive People of Congo, The Congolese Association for Family Welfare, The Association for Support to Vulnerable Groups, Talangaï hospital, Brazzaville university hospital (outpatient service) and the private clinic COGEMO (outpatient service). The real-time multiplex PCR was carried out to detect these pathogens. Each patient had at least one specimen (urine, urethral, anal and/or vaginal samples). The patients were considered infected when one of their samples was positive. 287 participants made of 227 women and 60 men were tested. The general prevalence of these infections was: Chlamydia trachomatis 2.79%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3.14%, Mycoplasma génitalium 3.45% and Trichomonas vaginalis 2.97. The prevalence rates according to sex were: C. trachomatis, M. génitalium, N. gonorrhea and T. vaginalis were 1.32%, 2.05%, 1.32% and 3.42% in women and 8.33%, 7.02%, 10% and 1.75% in men, respectively. Most infected patients were asymptomatic. Prevalence rates were higher in bisexual individuals, with the exception of T. vaginalis which showed higher prevalence in heterosexual patients. The bisexual and homosexual individuals represent a major public health problem in sexually active young adults, particularly among men having sex with men. These sexually transmitted infections are mainly asymptomatic, their diagnosis and management remain difficult in developing countries.展开更多
在淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae,NG)6种保守外膜蛋白中筛选优势表位,设计淋病奈瑟菌多表位亚单位疫苗并模拟其免疫效果。首先,通过C-ImmSim在线服务器对6种外膜蛋白进行计算机免疫模拟,并分别从细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocy...在淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae,NG)6种保守外膜蛋白中筛选优势表位,设计淋病奈瑟菌多表位亚单位疫苗并模拟其免疫效果。首先,通过C-ImmSim在线服务器对6种外膜蛋白进行计算机免疫模拟,并分别从细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)、辅助性T细胞(helper T cell,Th cell)及B细胞免疫反应强的外膜蛋白中筛选用于构建多表位亚单位疫苗的优势CTL表位、Th细胞表位和B细胞表位。其次,在对各优势表位进行抗原性、致敏性和毒性分析后,将不同排列组合的优势表位与抗菌肽及PADRE序列连接起来,设计出多表位亚单位疫苗。再次,对所设计的各种多表位亚单位疫苗进行计算机免疫模拟,以评价其体液免疫和细胞免疫的效果。最后,对筛选出的免疫效果较好的候选亚单位疫苗进行抗原性、致敏性、理化性质、溶解性评估以及二级结构分析,以确保候选亚单位疫苗符合疫苗设计标准。结果显示,筛选出符合要求的优势候选CTL表位8个、Th细胞表位10个和B细胞表位14个;共设计出64种多表位亚单位疫苗,其中3种亚单位疫苗的免疫模拟结果最佳,均满足抗原性强、对人体无致敏性及无细胞毒性的要求,且均为亲水性、耐热性较好的稳定蛋白质,同时能在大肠杆菌中实现可溶性的过表达,与抗体的亲和性也较强,符合疫苗设计的标准。研究结果表明,以C-ImmSim为主的生物信息学预测方法在多表位亚单位疫苗的反向设计及其免疫效果的高通量初步筛选方面具有良好的应用前景。本研究为淋病奈瑟菌疫苗研发提供了一种新的有效途径。展开更多
文摘Tuberculous otitis media(TOM) is a rare manifestation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with low incidence rates among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the presence of several clinical manifestations and the high prevalence of secondary bacterial infections. Few reports have attributed secondary bacterial infections in patients with TOM to commensal Neisseria. Thus, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical features of commensal Neisseria is important, considering its recent presentation as an infection-causing pathogen. Neisseria mucosa is a commensal inhabitant in humans and is generally considered non-pathogenic but can cause infection in rare cases. Here, we report an atypical secondary infection caused by Neisseria mucosa in an 81-year-old woman with TOM being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Direct purulent otorrhea smear microscopy revealed no acid-fast bacilli using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, whereas the phagocytosis of gram-negative cocci by white blood cells was confirmed using Gram staining. Otorrhea culture revealed the growth of N. mucosa. Subsequently, M. tuberculosis infection in the otorrhea was identified using a culture-based method. Vigilance is critical for the early detection of TOM to prevent further complications. This report raises awareness regarding TOM and provides insight into the pathogenicity of N. mucosa in otitis media.
文摘The objective of this multicentric study was to assess the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma génitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Brazzaville, in the Republic of Congo, using molecular methods. From January to December 2021, the sexually transmitted disease risk participants were recruited from six centers: The Association of Young HIV-Positive People of Congo, The Congolese Association for Family Welfare, The Association for Support to Vulnerable Groups, Talangaï hospital, Brazzaville university hospital (outpatient service) and the private clinic COGEMO (outpatient service). The real-time multiplex PCR was carried out to detect these pathogens. Each patient had at least one specimen (urine, urethral, anal and/or vaginal samples). The patients were considered infected when one of their samples was positive. 287 participants made of 227 women and 60 men were tested. The general prevalence of these infections was: Chlamydia trachomatis 2.79%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3.14%, Mycoplasma génitalium 3.45% and Trichomonas vaginalis 2.97. The prevalence rates according to sex were: C. trachomatis, M. génitalium, N. gonorrhea and T. vaginalis were 1.32%, 2.05%, 1.32% and 3.42% in women and 8.33%, 7.02%, 10% and 1.75% in men, respectively. Most infected patients were asymptomatic. Prevalence rates were higher in bisexual individuals, with the exception of T. vaginalis which showed higher prevalence in heterosexual patients. The bisexual and homosexual individuals represent a major public health problem in sexually active young adults, particularly among men having sex with men. These sexually transmitted infections are mainly asymptomatic, their diagnosis and management remain difficult in developing countries.
文摘在淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae,NG)6种保守外膜蛋白中筛选优势表位,设计淋病奈瑟菌多表位亚单位疫苗并模拟其免疫效果。首先,通过C-ImmSim在线服务器对6种外膜蛋白进行计算机免疫模拟,并分别从细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)、辅助性T细胞(helper T cell,Th cell)及B细胞免疫反应强的外膜蛋白中筛选用于构建多表位亚单位疫苗的优势CTL表位、Th细胞表位和B细胞表位。其次,在对各优势表位进行抗原性、致敏性和毒性分析后,将不同排列组合的优势表位与抗菌肽及PADRE序列连接起来,设计出多表位亚单位疫苗。再次,对所设计的各种多表位亚单位疫苗进行计算机免疫模拟,以评价其体液免疫和细胞免疫的效果。最后,对筛选出的免疫效果较好的候选亚单位疫苗进行抗原性、致敏性、理化性质、溶解性评估以及二级结构分析,以确保候选亚单位疫苗符合疫苗设计标准。结果显示,筛选出符合要求的优势候选CTL表位8个、Th细胞表位10个和B细胞表位14个;共设计出64种多表位亚单位疫苗,其中3种亚单位疫苗的免疫模拟结果最佳,均满足抗原性强、对人体无致敏性及无细胞毒性的要求,且均为亲水性、耐热性较好的稳定蛋白质,同时能在大肠杆菌中实现可溶性的过表达,与抗体的亲和性也较强,符合疫苗设计的标准。研究结果表明,以C-ImmSim为主的生物信息学预测方法在多表位亚单位疫苗的反向设计及其免疫效果的高通量初步筛选方面具有良好的应用前景。本研究为淋病奈瑟菌疫苗研发提供了一种新的有效途径。
