To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin...To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin, matrine, pyrethrins and imidacloprid）, and Neoseiulus cucumeris （Oudemans）, the natural enemy of cotton red spider mite, were studied. N. cucumeris was released after application of pesticides for seven days （for 0,3% azadirachtin EC） or six days （for other pesticides）. The results showed that the combined action of 1.8% abamectin EW （1：8 000） and N. cucumeris had the best control efficacy of 96.63% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacies of N. cucumeds and 0.3% azadirachtin EC （1：250） were 59.7% and 90.1% after one day and 20 days, respectively, after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacy of N. cucumeris and 0.5% matrine AS （1：2 000） was 82.65% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The results provide options for sustainable control of T. cinnabarinus and for the delay of pesticides resistance.展开更多
Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies w...Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies were conducted to confirm the feasibility of this idea. The germination condition of P. fumosoroseus conidia was determined by the method of different saturated salt solutions applying different humidity in small containers, and the pathogenicity test and the pot experi- ment were also conducted, under a suitable condition. There were 6 treatments for pot experiment as following： （1） CK; （2） releasing 50 N. cucumeds, （3） spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （4） releasing 50 N. cucumeris after spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （5） releasing 20 N. cucumeris dusted conidia of P. fumosoroseus; and （6） releasing 50 N. cucumeris dusted with conidia of P. fumosoroseus. The result showed that the germination condition of P. fu- mosoroseus conidia was 25-30 ℃ and 95%-100% RH, and under this condition, the 10s spores/ml conidia suspension caused a mortality of 86.52% in aphids and 41.78% in predatory mites after ten days. From the pot experiment, the numbers of aphids of treatment （3）, （4）, （6） were close to 0 at the 8th day. This study proved that the predatory mites N. cucumeris dusted with the entomogenous P. fu- mosoroseus could provide satisfactory control on both aphids and spider mites in potted eggplants under suitable temperature and humidity. The predatory mite vec- toring entomopathogen system could provide an economic and labor saving way for aphid control.展开更多
胡瓜新小绥螨(Neoseiulus cucumeris)是一种商业化的广食性生防天敌,可以防治多种农业害螨和害虫,具有重要的经济和生态价值。但是作为一种外来引种的捕食螨,它在我国的适生区域分布以及气候变化对其分布的影响尚不明确。根据胡瓜新小...胡瓜新小绥螨(Neoseiulus cucumeris)是一种商业化的广食性生防天敌,可以防治多种农业害螨和害虫,具有重要的经济和生态价值。但是作为一种外来引种的捕食螨,它在我国的适生区域分布以及气候变化对其分布的影响尚不明确。根据胡瓜新小绥螨的现有分布点和19个生物气候因子,利用刀切法评估关键气候因素的重要性,并采用Maxent生态位模型分别预测了目前和未来气候条件下它在中国分布情况,分析了其在中国的潜在适生区域的变化。结果表明模型预测得到的受试者工作特征曲线ROC曲线下的面积AUC(Area under curve)值为0.87,表明模型的准确度好。最冷季节的降水量(Bio_19)、等温性(Bio_3)和气温季节性(Bio_4)是影响胡瓜新小绥螨适生性的最重要的环境因子,对模型的贡献率分别为36.2%、25%和18.1%。目前胡瓜新小绥螨的适生区面积约占我国陆地面积的60%,在未来气候条件下,其适生区域有进一步扩大的趋势,在2050年其中高度适生区域扩张至63%。不同时期胡瓜新小绥螨的分布中心比较稳定,均分布于四川省内,但有向东北迁移的趋势。本研究明确了胡瓜新小绥螨在中国适宜的释放区域及可能定殖的区域,为该引种天敌的合理利用提供了理论依据。展开更多
利用胡瓜新小绥螨携带玫烟色拟青霉菌兼防蚜虫和叶螨是一种新的生物防治思路,为了证实其可行性,笔者对所得玫烟色拟青霉菌的孢子萌发条件及毒性等进行研究。通过小容器空气湿度调节法测定分生孢子最适萌发温、湿度;并在适宜条件下,测定1...利用胡瓜新小绥螨携带玫烟色拟青霉菌兼防蚜虫和叶螨是一种新的生物防治思路,为了证实其可行性,笔者对所得玫烟色拟青霉菌的孢子萌发条件及毒性等进行研究。通过小容器空气湿度调节法测定分生孢子最适萌发温、湿度;并在适宜条件下,测定1×10^4-1×10^8孢子/m L浓度的分生孢子悬浮液对蚜虫和胡瓜新小绥螨的毒力;试验设置：（1）空白对照;（2）释放50头胡瓜新小绥螨;（3）喷洒20 m L10^7孢子/m L孢子悬浮液;（4）喷洒20 m L 10^7孢子/m L孢子悬浮液后释放50头胡瓜新小绥螨;（5）释放20头沾满分生孢子粉的胡瓜新小绥螨;（6）释放50头沾满分生孢子粉的胡瓜新小绥螨,共6种处理,进行盆栽试验。结果表明玫烟色拟青霉菌该菌株分生孢子最适萌发温、湿度为25-30℃、95%-100%RH,在此条件下,第10天时,1×10^8孢子/m L浓度下,蚜虫和胡瓜新小绥螨的累积校正死亡率分别为86.52%和41.78%,该菌株相同浓度的孢子悬浮液对蚜虫的毒力远大于对胡瓜新小绥螨的毒力,符合作为利用胡瓜新小绥螨携带,用以防治蚜虫的虫生菌的条件。通过盆栽试验,3、4、6处理的效果最好,第8天蚜虫数量几乎降为0,而且相对而言,捕食螨带菌最省工、省料,还可以兼防叶螨。所以,适宜温、湿度条件下,利用捕食螨带菌同时防治蚜虫和红蜘蛛是可行的方法。展开更多
基金Supported by the Modern Agricultural Technology System of Hunan Province(Xiangnongyelian No.[2012]278)the Project of the Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province(2010NK3011,2011FJ4298)~~
文摘To find the method for the integrated control of Tetranychus cinnabarinus （carmine spider mite） and delay its resistance to pesticides, the joint actions of each of five commonly pesticides （abamectin, azadirachtin, matrine, pyrethrins and imidacloprid）, and Neoseiulus cucumeris （Oudemans）, the natural enemy of cotton red spider mite, were studied. N. cucumeris was released after application of pesticides for seven days （for 0,3% azadirachtin EC） or six days （for other pesticides）. The results showed that the combined action of 1.8% abamectin EW （1：8 000） and N. cucumeris had the best control efficacy of 96.63% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacies of N. cucumeds and 0.3% azadirachtin EC （1：250） were 59.7% and 90.1% after one day and 20 days, respectively, after N. cucumeris releasing. The control efficacy of N. cucumeris and 0.5% matrine AS （1：2 000） was 82.65% at 20 days after N. cucumeris releasing. The results provide options for sustainable control of T. cinnabarinus and for the delay of pesticides resistance.
基金Supported by Youth Science Fund Project of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2012DQA-2)Innovation Team Project of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXTD-2-1313)+1 种基金Natural Science Fund of Fujian Province(2014J1108)National 863Program(2011AA10A201)~~
文摘Using predatory mites Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans dusted with en- tomopathgen Paecilomyces fumosoroseus （Wize） Brown ＆ Smith to control aphids and spider mites is a new idea of biological control. Some studies were conducted to confirm the feasibility of this idea. The germination condition of P. fumosoroseus conidia was determined by the method of different saturated salt solutions applying different humidity in small containers, and the pathogenicity test and the pot experi- ment were also conducted, under a suitable condition. There were 6 treatments for pot experiment as following： （1） CK; （2） releasing 50 N. cucumeds, （3） spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （4） releasing 50 N. cucumeris after spraying 20 ml of 10^7 spores/ml conidial suspension; （5） releasing 20 N. cucumeris dusted conidia of P. fumosoroseus; and （6） releasing 50 N. cucumeris dusted with conidia of P. fumosoroseus. The result showed that the germination condition of P. fu- mosoroseus conidia was 25-30 ℃ and 95%-100% RH, and under this condition, the 10s spores/ml conidia suspension caused a mortality of 86.52% in aphids and 41.78% in predatory mites after ten days. From the pot experiment, the numbers of aphids of treatment （3）, （4）, （6） were close to 0 at the 8th day. This study proved that the predatory mites N. cucumeris dusted with the entomogenous P. fu- mosoroseus could provide satisfactory control on both aphids and spider mites in potted eggplants under suitable temperature and humidity. The predatory mite vec- toring entomopathogen system could provide an economic and labor saving way for aphid control.
文摘胡瓜新小绥螨(Neoseiulus cucumeris)是一种商业化的广食性生防天敌,可以防治多种农业害螨和害虫,具有重要的经济和生态价值。但是作为一种外来引种的捕食螨,它在我国的适生区域分布以及气候变化对其分布的影响尚不明确。根据胡瓜新小绥螨的现有分布点和19个生物气候因子,利用刀切法评估关键气候因素的重要性,并采用Maxent生态位模型分别预测了目前和未来气候条件下它在中国分布情况,分析了其在中国的潜在适生区域的变化。结果表明模型预测得到的受试者工作特征曲线ROC曲线下的面积AUC(Area under curve)值为0.87,表明模型的准确度好。最冷季节的降水量(Bio_19)、等温性(Bio_3)和气温季节性(Bio_4)是影响胡瓜新小绥螨适生性的最重要的环境因子,对模型的贡献率分别为36.2%、25%和18.1%。目前胡瓜新小绥螨的适生区面积约占我国陆地面积的60%,在未来气候条件下,其适生区域有进一步扩大的趋势,在2050年其中高度适生区域扩张至63%。不同时期胡瓜新小绥螨的分布中心比较稳定,均分布于四川省内,但有向东北迁移的趋势。本研究明确了胡瓜新小绥螨在中国适宜的释放区域及可能定殖的区域,为该引种天敌的合理利用提供了理论依据。
文摘利用胡瓜新小绥螨携带玫烟色拟青霉菌兼防蚜虫和叶螨是一种新的生物防治思路,为了证实其可行性,笔者对所得玫烟色拟青霉菌的孢子萌发条件及毒性等进行研究。通过小容器空气湿度调节法测定分生孢子最适萌发温、湿度;并在适宜条件下,测定1×10^4-1×10^8孢子/m L浓度的分生孢子悬浮液对蚜虫和胡瓜新小绥螨的毒力;试验设置：（1）空白对照;（2）释放50头胡瓜新小绥螨;（3）喷洒20 m L10^7孢子/m L孢子悬浮液;（4）喷洒20 m L 10^7孢子/m L孢子悬浮液后释放50头胡瓜新小绥螨;（5）释放20头沾满分生孢子粉的胡瓜新小绥螨;（6）释放50头沾满分生孢子粉的胡瓜新小绥螨,共6种处理,进行盆栽试验。结果表明玫烟色拟青霉菌该菌株分生孢子最适萌发温、湿度为25-30℃、95%-100%RH,在此条件下,第10天时,1×10^8孢子/m L浓度下,蚜虫和胡瓜新小绥螨的累积校正死亡率分别为86.52%和41.78%,该菌株相同浓度的孢子悬浮液对蚜虫的毒力远大于对胡瓜新小绥螨的毒力,符合作为利用胡瓜新小绥螨携带,用以防治蚜虫的虫生菌的条件。通过盆栽试验,3、4、6处理的效果最好,第8天蚜虫数量几乎降为0,而且相对而言,捕食螨带菌最省工、省料,还可以兼防叶螨。所以,适宜温、湿度条件下,利用捕食螨带菌同时防治蚜虫和红蜘蛛是可行的方法。
