Application Research of PETD Combined with MRI Nerve Root Water Imaging in the Minimally Invasive Treatment of LDH

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 62 patients with lumbar disc herniation from March 2019 to March 2021. The study included an experimental group of 30 patients and a control group of 32 patients. The experimental group underwent PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI, while the control group received traditional PETD treatment. The visual analogue scoring method (VAS score), and JOA lumbar spine function score before and after surgery were compared between the two groups, and efficacy was assessed and compared using the MacNab score. Results: The mean operation time was significantly reduced in the experimental group (56.43 ±10.40 minutes) compared to the control group (65.69 ±14.12 minutes). The VAS score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.624), one month after surgery (p = 0.325), three months after surgery (p = 0.676), one year after surgery (p = 0.341);The JOA score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.961), one month after the surgery (p = 0.266), three months after surgery (p = 0.185), one year after surgery (p = 0.870), they were no significant statistical difference;The efficacy evaluation of the last follow-up Macnab showed that all the 30 patients in the experimental group were excellent, 31 of 32 patients in the control group were excellent, 1 case was good;There was no statistical difference in the comparison between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that the combined approach of PETD with nerve root water imaging of MRI is a safe, effective, and more efficient alternative to conventional PETD for treating lumbar disc herniation.

A double-network hydrogel for the dynamic compression of the lumbar nerve root

Current animal models of nerve root compression due to lumbar disc herniation only assess the mechanical compression of nerve roots and the inflammatory response. Moreover, the pressure applied in these models is static, meaning that the nerve root cannot be dynamically compressed. This is very different from the pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation. In this study, a chitosan/polyacrylamide double-network hydrogel was prepared by a simple two-step method. The swelling ratio of the double-network hydrogel increased with prolonged time, reaching 140. The compressive strength and compressive modulus of the hydrogel reached 53.6 and 0.34 MPa, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the hydrogel's crosslinked structure with many interconnecting pores. An MTT assay demonstrated that the number of viable cells in contact with the hydrogel extracts did not significantly change relative to the control surface. Thus, the hydrogel had good biocompatibility. Finally, the double-network hydrogel was used to compress the L4 nerve root of male sand rats to simulate lumbar disc herniation nerve root compression. The hydrogel remained in its original position after compression, and swelled with increasing time. Edema appeared around the nerve root and disappeared 3 weeks after operation. This chitosan/polyacrylamide double-network hydrogel has potential as a new implant material for animal models of lumbar nerve root compression. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Neurosurgical Institute of Beijing, Capital Medical University, China(approval No. 201601006) on July 29, 2016.

Comparison of microendoscopic discectomy and open discectomy for single-segment lumbar disc herniation

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease.Endoscopic treatment may have more advantages than traditional surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of microendoscopic discectomy(MED)and open discectomy with lamina nucleus enucleation in the treatment of singlesegment lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.METHODS Ninety-six patients who were operated at our hospital were selected for this study.Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation were admitted to the hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 48 cases in each group.The former group underwent lumbar discectomy and the latter underwent laparotomy and nucleus pulpectomy.Surgical effects were compared between the two groups.RESULTS In terms of surgical indicators,the observation group had a longer operation time,shorter postoperative bedtime and hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,and smaller incision length than the control group(P<0.05).The excellent recovery rate did not differ significantly between the observation group(93.75%)and the control group(91.67%).Visual analogue scale pain scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1 d,3 d,1 mo,and 6 mo after surgery(P<0.05).The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(6.25%vs 22.92%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Both MED and open discectomy can effectively improve single-segment lumbar disc herniation,but MED is associated with less trauma,less bleeding,and a lower incidence of complications.

Reliability of dermatomal somatosensory-evoked potential in the evaluation of lumbosacral nerve root injury A concurrent case-control study

BACKGROUND： It has been reported that dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential （DSEP） can be used for diagnosing nerve root injury in patients with lumbar disc herniation （LDH）, and that 83% 95% of patients suffer from the disease. Body height correction is not performed prior to determinations of latency and latency difference between the healthy and affected sides. However, latency noticeably correlates to body height. OBJECTIVE： This study aims to determine the lumbosacral nerve root injury in patients with LDH by DSEP, and to evaluate the sensitivity of the DSEP difference between the healthy and affected sides using a diagnostic index following body height correction. DESIGN： A case-control observation. SETTING： Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hainan Provincial People＇s Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： Ninety-six patients, comprised of 67 males and 29 females, with an average age of 43 years and a mean body height of 1.65 m （range 1.48-1.81 m）, were recruited for this study. These patients suffered from unilateral lower limb radiation pain and received treatment at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hainan Provincial People＇s Hospital between January 2004 and December 2006. All patients were confirmed to suffer from LDH at the L3-4, L-5, and/or Ls-SI by CT and/or MRI examinations. Central nervous system diseases were excluded. In order to obtain a normal reference value, DSEP was determined for a group of 50 subjects, who concurrently received health examinations in the same department. The subjects had no previous history of back leg pain or nervous system disease. The group of healthy controls included 26 males and 24 females, with an average age of 37 years and a mean body height of 1.63 m （range 1.50-1.80 m）. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects for laboratory samples. The protocol was approved by the Hospital＇s Ethics Committees. DSEP was determined with myoelectricity-evoked potential equipment （Keypoint, Batch No. 9020A0042591, Dantec Company, Denmark）. METHODS： DSEP of patients with LDH was determined. Constant-voltage square pulse stimulation was used to determine DSEP, with the following parameters： a pulse wave width of 0.2 milliseconds; a saddle-like stimulating electrode; a stimulation intensity 3 times greater than the sensation threshold; a stimulation frequency of 1.5 Hz; mean superposition greater than 100 times; and inter-electrode impedance 〈 5 k Q. The stimulation point was a skin key sensation point confirmed by the American Spinal Injury Association, i.e. L4 at medial malleolus, L5 at the third metatarsophalangeal joint on the dorsum of the foot, and SI at the lateral heel. The recording electrode was a needle electrode, the recording point was Cz, and the reference electrode was Fz. DSEP latency of P40, and latency differences of P40, between the healthy side and the affected side, were determined. DSEP at L4, L5, and S1 nerve roots of the lower limbs of 50 healthy controls were bilaterally determined. The normal values of P40 latency and P40 N50 amplitude were statistically obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Determination of DSEP values. RESULTS： Ninety-six patients with LDH and fifty healthy controls participated in the final analysis. In the healthy controls, the amplitude of DSEP varied greatly, with a mean amplitude co-efficient of variation of 58% for L4, L5, and SI dermatomes. P40 latency was stable, with a mean latency coefficient of variation of 4.7%. In patients with LDH, the P40 wave disappeared. P40 latency was 2.5 times prolonged compared to normal mean value. P40 latency difference between the healthy and the affected side was 2.5 times higher than the normal mean value of the healthy side. CONCLUSION： DSEP can reflect the functional status of lumbosacral nerve root. P40 latency difference between the healthy side and the affected side is the most sensitive diagnosis index for patients with LDH suffering from unilateral lower limb radiation pain.

Optimal technique of three-dimensional MRI of the lumbar nerve root and its radicular vein in normal and lumbar disc herniation patients

Background Although three-dimensional MRI （3D-MRI） of short T1 inversion recovery turbo spin-echo （STIR TSE） has showed superior to two-dimensional MRI （2D-MRI） in showing the spinal cord and lumbar nerve roots, it remains difficult in demonstrating radicular vein at present. We have found that short T1 inversion recovery long time echo （STIR LONG TE） was better in showing radicular vein. To further study the methods and character of the 3D-MRI of lumbar nerve root, ganglions and radicular vein in normal and lumbar disc herniation （LDH） adults, in the present study, we evaluated two 3D-MRI techniques, STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE for demonstrating lumbar nerve roots and especial radicular vein in normal and LDH adults. Methods Twelve normal adult persons and 19 LDH patients were included in this study; special oblique coronal location was adopted. STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE were performed in all participants, and the detection rates of radicular vein and nerve root of L3, L4, L5,S1 were calculated. The grading system was used in grading compromise of the intraspinal extradural lumbar nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein in LDH patients, and all the grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein had been evaluated. Results The definite rate of radicular vein （DRRV） of 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE was significantly different from that of STIR TSE. DRRV of STIR LONG TE was L3, 91.7%, L4, 100%, L5, 100%, $1, 100% and that of STIR TSE was L3, 33.3%, L4, 37.5%, L5, 58.3%, $1,45.8% in normal adults. It showed no difference between STIR LONG TE and STIR TSE in the detection rate of nerve root. The different patho-injuries of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein could be seen in all LDH patients by the 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE. The mean score of Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） was 16.16, and 29 nerve roots were calculated in all the study. The mean grading injury of nerve root was 2.17, that of nerve root ganglion was 1.28, that of radicular vein was 1.83, and the mean co-grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein was 5.31. The correlation coefficient was 0.478 （P=0.010） between the score of JOA and that of radicular vein. Conclusion The 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE is superior to STIR TSE for not only detecting the lumbar nerve root, ganglion and especial radicular vein in normal adults, but also displaying their patho-injuries degree in LDH patients.

Reduction in nerve root compression by the nucleus pulposus after Feng's Spinal Manipulation

Ninety-four patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were enrolled in this study. Of these, 48 were treated with Feng＇s Spinal Manipulation, hot fomentation, and bed rest （treatment group）. The remaining 46 patients were treated with hot fomentation and bed rest only （control group）. After 3 weeks of treatment, clinical parameters including the angle of straight-leg raising, visual analogue scale pain score, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score for low back pain were improved. The treatment group had significantly better improvement in scores than the control group. Magnetic resonance myelography three-dimensional reconstruction imaging of the vertebral canal demonstrated that filling of the compressed nerve root sleeve with cerebrospinal fluid increased significantly in the treatment group. The diameter of the nerve root sleeve was significantly larger in the treatment group than in the control group. However, the sagittal diameter index of the herniated nucleus pulposus and the angle between the nerve root sleeve and the thecal sac did not change significantly in either the treatment or control groups. The effectiveness of Feng＇s Spinal Manipulation for the treatment of symptoms associated with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation may be attributable to the relief of nerve root compression, without affecting the herniated nucleus pulposus or changing the morphology or position of the nerve root.

An intraoperative lumbar neurological force monitoring system with high-density flexible pressure sensor array

In the surgery of lumbar disc herniation(LDH),the nerve root retractor is used to pull the nerve root to prevent damage.The traditional medical nerve root retractor cannot quantify the force on the nerve root.In order to improve the nerve root retractor,this paper proposes an intraoperative lumbar neurological force monitoring system.The core module of this system is the improved nerve root retractor equipped with the high density flexible pressure sensor array.The high density microneedle array and multiple pressure detection units are used in the pressure sensor to realise sensitive pressure monitoring in a narrow surgical operation area.The sensing area is 4 mm×17 mm,including 6 detection units.The sensitivity of sensor is 67.30%/N in the range of 0-5 N.This system is used for in vitro animal experiments,which can continuously detect pressure.

miR-141-3p对腰椎间盘突出症大鼠背根神经节炎症及下肢疼痛的抑制和改善作用

背景:研究表明,胰岛素样生长因子1/血小板源性生长因子有抑制纤维环细胞凋亡的作用。miR-141-3p微小RNA在骨髓基质细胞中随着年龄的增加而增加,且与炎症信号通路的活化存在一定关系,提示其可能成为腰椎间盘突出症的治疗靶点。目的:探究miR-141-3p通过调控胰岛素样生长因子1/血小板源性生长因子对腰椎间盘突出症大鼠背根神经节炎症及下肢疼痛的影响。方法:选取50只SPF级SD雄性大鼠,随机分为正常组、模型组、miR-NC组、miR-141-3p inhibitor组、miR-141-3p mimics组,每组10只。除正常组外,其余大鼠采用自体髓核移植法进行腰椎间盘突出症建模。建模成功后,对miR-NC组、miR-141-3p inhibitor组和miR-141-3p mimics组大鼠鞘内分别注射10μL 20μmol/L miR-NC,miR-141-3p inhibitor,miR-141-3p mimics,均每天注射1次,连续注射28 d;正常组、模型组同期同位置注射同体积生理盐水。采用热缩足潜伏期阈值评价大鼠下肢疼痛,实时荧光定量PCR检测背根神经节组织miR-141-3p mRNA表达,ELISA法检测背根神经节组织炎症因子,免疫印迹法检测背根神经节组织胰岛素样生长因子1/血小板源性生长因子蛋白表达,并分析miR-141-3p与胰岛素样生长因子1/血小板源性生长因子的相关性。结果与结论:miR-NC组各项指标与模型组比较,差异均无显著性意义。①大鼠热缩足潜伏期阈值:模型组明显低于正常组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p inhibitor组明显低于miR-NC组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p mimics组明显高于miR-141-3p inhibitor组(P<0.05)。②背根神经节组织miR-141-3p mRNA表达:模型组明显低于正常组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p inhibitor组明显低于miR-NC组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p mimics组明显高于miR-141-3p inhibitor组(P<0.05)。③背根神经节组织肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素1含量:模型组明显高于正常组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p inhibitor组明显高于miR-NC组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p mimics组明显低于miR-141-3p inhibitor组(P<0.05)。④背根神经节组织胰岛素样生长因子1、血小板源性生长因子蛋白表达:模型组明显低于正常组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p inhibitor组明显低于miR-NC组(P<0.05),miR-141-3p mimics组明显高于miR-141-3p inhibitor组(P<0.05)。⑤胰岛素样生长因子1与miR-141-3p呈正相关(r=0.904,P<0.001),血小板源性生长因子与miR-141-3p呈正相关(r=0.879,P<0.001)。⑥结论:miR-141-3p可显著改善腰椎间盘突出症大鼠下肢疼痛,抑制背根神经节炎症,其机制可能与促进胰岛素样生长因子1/血小板源性生长因子表达有关。

3D MERGE与3D SPACE STIR序列在腰椎间盘突出症检查中的应用比较

目的:对比三维多回波恢复梯度回波(3D MERGE)、三维可变反转角快速自旋回波(3D SPACE STIR)序列在腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)检查中的应用效果。方法:选择2020年1月~2022年11月收治的135例LDH患者,回顾性分析患者临床和磁共振成像(MRI)资料,所有患者均接受常规MRI扫描及3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列扫描,对比3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列测量神经根直径的一致性,评价两种序列的图像质量参数[信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)]、图像清晰度评分。结果:3D MERGE和3D SPACE STIR序列测量的L3~S1神经根直径比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且两组序列测量的L3、L4、L5和S1直径均显示出较高相关性(r=0.957,0.986,0.975,0.972,P<0.05);3D MERGE序列的SNR及CNR均高于3D SPACE STIR序列,神经根显示分级、图像清晰度评分优于3D SPACE STIR序列,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3D MERGE、3D SPACE STIR序列在LDH神经根直径测量中具有极高一致性,3D MERGE序列较3D SPACE STIR序列能够更清晰显示神经跟的解剖形态,图像质量更好。

拨针疗法联合中药对腰椎间盘突出症患者术后神经根水肿时间、疼痛介质及血清miR-141-3p的影响

目的 观察拨针疗法联合消髓化核汤对腰椎间盘突出症患者臭氧射频消融术后神经根水肿时间、疼痛介质及血清mi R-141-3p的影响。方法 将92例行臭氧联合低温等离子射频消融术的腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为消髓化核汤组和拨针联合组,每组46例。消髓化核汤组予消髓化核汤治疗,拨针联合组在消髓化核汤组基础上予拨针疗法治疗。观察两组神经根水肿消失时间及治疗前后中医证候积分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analog scale, VAS)评分、炎症指标[微小核糖核酸-141-3p(miRNA-141-3p, miR-141-3p)、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子Ⅰ型受体(soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor typeⅠ, sTNFRⅠ)、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)、磷脂酶A2(phospholipase A2, PLA2)]和疼痛介质指标[甲硫氨酸脑啡肽(methionine enkephalin,Met-EnK)、缓激肽(bradykinin,BK)、 5-羟色胺(5-hydroxy tryptamine,5-HT)、 6-酮前列腺素E1α(6-keto-prostaglandin E1α, 6-keto-PGE1α)]水平的变化,并比较两组临床疗效。结果 拨针联合组总有效率为97.8%,高于消髓化核汤组的82.6%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组中医证候积分较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且拨针联合组低于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组VAS评分较治疗前降低(P<0.05),拨针联合组低于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05)。拨针联合组患者神经根水肿消失时间短于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清IL-17、PLA2、miR-141-3p含量较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且拨针联合组低于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05);两组血清s TNFRⅠ含量较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且拨针联合组高于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清Met-En K含量较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且拨针联合组高于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05);两组血清6-keto-PGE1α、5-HT、BK含量较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且拨针联合组低于消髓化核汤组(P<0.05)。结论 拨针疗法联合消髓化核汤治疗可降低腰椎间盘突出症术后血清IL-17、PLA2、miR-141-3p水平,改善疼痛介质指标,促进神经根水肿消退,提升临床疗效。

超声联合C臂机选择性神经根注射改善腰突致神经痛的效果观察

目的 观察超声联合C臂机选择性神经根注射治疗腰椎间盘突出致坐骨神经痛的临床效果。方法 180例确诊腰突致坐骨神经痛的患者分为观察组和对照组各90例,分别接受C臂机选择性神经根注射治疗和联合超声治疗。分别于治疗后1周、2周、1个月,统计两组患者的治疗优良率;采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者疼痛,应用Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评价下腰痛功能障碍。结果 观察组的透视次数、辐射剂量、穿刺时间均少于对照组,一次穿刺成功率(92.22%)高于对照组(63.33%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后1周、2周、1个月,观察组的治疗优良率分别为92.22%、88.89%、83.33%,与对照组(85.56%、83.33%、77.78%)差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.025、1.161、0.887,均P>0.05);2组的VAS评分、ODI指数均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 超声联合C臂机选择性神经根注射治疗腰突致坐骨神经痛,能够减少透视次数、辐射剂量、穿刺时间,提高一次穿刺成功率。

椎间孔镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄的疗效

目的分析椎间孔镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄的疗效。方法回顾性分析2022年3月至2024年3月行手术治疗的62例腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄患者,根据手术方式的不同分为研究组(椎间孔镜髓核摘除术)和对照组(椎板切开髓核摘除椎间植骨融合内固定术),对比两组的临床疗效、腰椎曲度、腰骶角角度、腰椎功能恢复疼痛评分以及并发症发生情况。结果研究组和对照组的优良率分别为93.55%和74.19%,研究组的优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组术前的腰椎曲度和腰骶角角度相比并差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后的腰椎曲度均高于术前,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05),两组术后的腰骶角角度均低于术前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组术前的腰椎功能和疼痛评分相比并差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后的腰椎功能和疼痛评分均低于术前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组的并发症发生率为3.23%,显著低于对照组的19.35%(P<0.05)。结论椎间孔镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄的疗效确切,可以有效提高临床疗效,改善患者的腰椎曲度、腰骶角角度和腰椎功能,且有利于减轻患者术后的疼痛,降低并发症发生率。

经皮椎间孔镜脊柱系统术对老年LDH合并神经根管狭窄患者腰椎功能及手术效果研究

目的 探讨经皮椎间孔镜脊柱系统(TESSYS)术对老年腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)并神经根管狭窄患者腰椎功能的影响并分析手术效果。方法 前瞻性纳入2020年6月至2023年6月安庆市立医院收治的老年LDH并神经根管狭窄患者66例,按随机抽签法分成TESSYS组与对照组,各33例。对照组行椎板开窗减压加髓核摘除术,TESSYS组行TESSYS术。记录并比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间,术前、术后3 d的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)水平。比较术前、术后3个月的腰椎曲度、腰骶角角度,运动、感觉神经传导速度,并进行疼痛视觉模拟法(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分,记录并比较术后总体疗效与并发症情况。结果 TESSYS组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间分别为(76.35±8.21) min、(72.36±6.28) mL、(27.35±2.17) h、(6.31±1.42) d,均短(少)于对照组[(112.49±12.10) min、(133.67±15.69) mL、(30.91±1.06) h、(8.03±1.97) d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3 d,两组血清TNF-α、皮质醇、ACTH水平较术前增高,且TESSYS组血清TNF-α、皮质醇、ACTH水平分别为(3.15±0.65) ng/mL、(2.69±0.41)μmol/L、(14.21±2.36) pmol/L,均低于对照组[(3.59±0.47) ng/mL、(3.06±0.87)μmol/L、(16.98±3.18) pmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组的腰椎曲度均术前升高,腰骶角角度均较术前降低,且TESSYS组的腰椎曲度为(22.87±4.36) mm,高于对照组[(20.93±3.04) mm],腰骶角角度为(25.39±4.15)°,低于对照组[(27.91±2.90)°],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组神经传导速度均较术前升高,且TESSYS组的神经传导速度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组的VAS、ODI评分均较术前降低,且TESSYS组的VAS、ODI评分分别为(2.14±0.51)、(17.50±2.11)分,均低于对照组[(3.10±0.92)、(20.39±3.63)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TESSYS组手术优良率为96.97%,高于对照组(75.76%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TESSYS术能进一步促进老年LDH并神经根管狭窄患者围术期机体功能恢复,减轻炎症与应激反应,改善神经传导速度与腰椎功能,缓解疼痛,提升手术效果。

经椎间孔选择性神经根封闭治疗腰椎间盘突出症的中期临床观察

目的:探讨腰椎间盘突出症患者实施经椎间孔选择性神经根封闭治疗的临床效果.方法:选取我院2021年3月-2022年12月收治的52例腰椎间盘突出症患者为研究对象,采用经椎间孔选择性神经根封闭治疗,分析治疗干预效果.结果:封闭治疗后,各个时间段的疼痛视觉模拟评分均低于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).各个时间段的日本骨科协会腰痛评分均高于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).不同时间段的优良率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:针对腰椎间盘突出症患者实施经椎间孔选择性神经根封闭治疗,效果良好.

神经根封闭定位后椎间孔镜治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症疗效分析

目的分析神经根封闭定位后椎间孔镜治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法选取2018年1月至2022年4月在本院就诊的90例多节段腰椎间盘突出症患者,通过神经根封闭定位责任节段椎间盘,而后采用椎间孔镜治疗。分别在术前、术后2周、术后3个月、术后6个月、术后12个月评估患者的疼痛程度、腰椎功能恢复情况。记录随访期间患者的并发症发生情况。结果90例患者在神经根封闭过程中均无神经根损伤发生,与术前相比,术后2周、术后3个月、术后6个月及术后12个月,患者的下腰及腿部视觉模拟评分(VAS)明显降低(P<0.05);术后3个月、术后6个月及术后12个月,患者的Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)明显降低,日本骨科学会评分(JOA)明显升高(P<0.05)。术后12个月时,患者的临床疗效明显升高(P<0.05)。随访期间,90例中发生4例(4.44%)并发症,其余无相关并发症发生。结论神经根封闭定位后椎间孔镜治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症,具有明确责任节段、疗效显著的优势,还能明显改善患者的疼痛程度,并改善腰椎功能,减少并发症发生,值得临床推广应用。

舒腰活血方联合选择性神经根阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床研究

目的:观察舒腰活血方联合选择性神经根阻滞治疗气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:选取气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症患者108例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各54例,2组均剔除2例,最终纳入每组52例。对照组予选择性神经根阻滞治疗,试验组在对照组基础上加用舒腰活血方治疗,2组均治疗2周。比较2组临床疗效、中医证候积分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1β]水平。结果:治疗后,试验组总有效率94.23%,高于对照组80.77%(P<0.05)。2组中医证候积分、VAS评分、ODI评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),试验组中医证候积分、VAS评分、ODI评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),试验组TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:舒腰活血方联合选择性神经根阻滞治疗气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症可提高临床疗效,改善中医证候和腰部功能,缓解疼痛,抑制炎性反应。

弥散张量成像技术评估腰椎间盘突出症经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术后受压神经根微观结构改善的效果分析

目的分析弥散张量成像(DTI)技术用于评估腰椎间盘突出症患者经皮椎间孔镜髓核摘除术(PTED)后受压神经根微观结构改善的效果。方法选取医院2022年3月至2023年3月收治的行PTED治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者53例,手术前后为患者进行DTI扫描,比较神经根受压侧与正常侧的各向异性分数值(FA)及表面弥散系数值(ADC)。结果术前,神经根受压侧FA显著低于正常侧(P<0.05);术后,FA受压侧显著高于术前(P<0.05),ADC受压侧显著低于术前(P<0.05),但与正常侧比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论应用DTI评估PTED后腰椎间盘突出症患者的受压神经根的微观结构改善情况,可获得良好的评估效果。

MRI在腰椎间盘突出症神经根压迫中的应用进展

腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)是腰腿痛的主要病因之一,确定神经根受压水平及程度对于临床医师制订合理的治疗方案及预后评估均具有重要意义。磁共振成像(MRI)作为一种非侵入性、无辐射的成像技术,已成为LDH神经根受压诊断和评估的首选方法。磁共振神经成像序列可用于研究腰骶神经根的解剖学结构和走行,弥散张量成像则有助于了解神经根的生理功能,这些定性、定量的成像技术可提供更客观、更全面的评估,用于疾病诊断和康复结果的预测。因此,全面了解MRI在LDH神经根压迫中的应用进展,可以为疾病治疗方案的制订提供重要依据。

黄芪甲苷调节IL-10/β-EP信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症模型大鼠神经根损伤的影响

目的探究黄芪甲苷调节白介素-10(IL-10)/β-内啡肽(β-EP)信号通路对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)大鼠神经根损伤的影响。方法随机选择10只大鼠记为假手术组(Sham组),其余大鼠通过移植髓核构建LDH大鼠模型,将造模成功大鼠随机分为LDH组、黄芪甲苷组(20 mg/kg黄芪甲苷)、AS10组(0.5 mg/kg IL-10/β-EP信号通路抑制剂AS10)、黄芪甲苷+AS10组(20 mg/kg黄芪甲苷+0.5 mg/kg AS10),每组10只,Sham组和LDH组给予等量0.9%氯化钠溶液。机械刺激敏感性实验以及热刺激敏感性实验检测大鼠机械缩足阈值(PWT)以及热痛阈(TWL);ELISA法检测血清白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;免疫荧光染色测定小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞活性;TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡;Western blot检测IL-10、β-EP蛋白表达。结果与Sham组比较,LDH组PWT值、TWL值、IL-10、β-EP蛋白水平显著减小(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、TNF-α、IL-1β水平、离子钙接头蛋白分子1(Iba1)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)阳性细胞数量均显著升高(P<0.05);与LDH组比较,黄芪甲苷组PWT值、TWL值、IL-10、β-EP蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、TNF-α、IL-1β水平、Iba1、GFAP阳性细胞数量均显著降低(P<0.05),而AS10组趋势相反(P<0.05);AS10组逆转了黄芪甲苷对LDH大鼠神经根损伤的改善作用。结论黄芪甲苷可能通过激活IL-10/β-EP信号通路减轻大鼠炎性反应,进而减轻LDH大鼠神经根损伤。

针刀浅筋膜松解术联合神经根阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床研究

目的:观察针刀浅筋膜松解术联合神经根阻滞治疗腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar disc herniation,LDH)的临床疗效。方法:选取望京医院门诊LDH患者60例按随机数字表法分为治疗组(针刀浅筋膜松解术+神经根阻滞术)和对照组各30例(神经根阻滞术)。于术前术后3 d、术后2周记录患者VAS评分以及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)。结果:2组的VAS评分以及治疗组ODI指数在上述3个时间点均逐渐减低,组内比较差异有统计学意义;治疗组术后2周VAS评分和ODI指数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义;治疗组与对照组ODI指数的有效率分别为86.67%和63.33%。结论:在改善疼痛程度及腰椎活动功能方面,针刀浅筋膜松解+神经根阻滞术治疗LDH比单用神经根阻滞术的疗效优势明显。