Net-zero energy buildings and communities, which are receiving increasing interest, and the role of energy storage in them, are described. A net-zero energy building or community is defined as one that, in an average ...Net-zero energy buildings and communities, which are receiving increasing interest, and the role of energy storage in them, are described. A net-zero energy building or community is defined as one that, in an average year, produces as much energy from renewable energy as it consumes. Net-zero energy buildings and communities and the manner in which energy sustainability is facilitated by them are described and examples are given. Also, energy storage is discussed and the role and importance of energy storage as part of net-zero buildings and communities are explained. The NSERC Smart Net-zero Energy Buildings Research Network, a major Canadian research effort in smart net-zero energy buildings and communities, is described.展开更多
The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to in...The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to investigate the utilization of solar energy across different urban densities and proposes optimized morphologies.The analysis encompasses blocks with diverse population densities,examining medium and high-density areas.By utilizing a multi-objective genetic optimization approach,the urban morphology of these blocks is refined.The findings indicate that low-density blocks exhibit photovoltaic potential ranging from 1 to 6.6 times their total energy consumption.Medium and high-density blocks achieve photovoltaic potential levels approximately equivalent to 40%-85%of their overall energy consumption.Moreover,significant variations in photovoltaic potential are observed among different urban forms within medium and high-density blocks.An“elevated corners with central valley”prototype is proposed as an effective approach,enhancing the overall photovoltaic potential by approximately 14%.This study introduces novel analytical concepts,shedding light on the intricate relationship between urban morphologies and photovoltaic potential.展开更多
To provide guidance for photovoltaic(PV)system integration in net-zero distribution systems(DSs),this paper proposes an analytical method for delineating the feasible region for PV integration capacities(PVICs),where ...To provide guidance for photovoltaic(PV)system integration in net-zero distribution systems(DSs),this paper proposes an analytical method for delineating the feasible region for PV integration capacities(PVICs),where the impact of battery energy storage system(BESS)flexibility is considered.First,we introduce distributionally robust chance constraints on network security and energy/carbon net-zero requirements,which form the upper and lower bounds of the feasible region.Then,the formulation and solution of the feasible region is proposed.The resulting analytical expression is a set of linear inequalities,illustrating that the feasible region is a polyhedron in a high-dimensional space.A procedure is designed to verify and adjust the feasible region,ensuring that it satisfies network loss constraints under alternating current(AC)power flow.Case studies on the 4-bus system,the IEEE 33-bus system,and the IEEE 123-bus system verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.It is demonstrated that the proposed method fully captures the spatio-temporal coupling relationship among PVs,loads,and BESSs,while also quantifying the impact of this relationship on the boundaries of the feasible region.展开更多
Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)serve a crucial role in balancing energy fluctuations and reducing carbon emissions in net-zero power systems.However,the efficiency and cost performance have remained significant ...Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)serve a crucial role in balancing energy fluctuations and reducing carbon emissions in net-zero power systems.However,the efficiency and cost performance have remained significant challenges,which hinders the widespread adoption and development of BESSs.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a real-time energy management scheme that considers the involvement of prosumers to support net-zero power systems.The scheme is based on two shared energy storage models,referred to as energy storage sale model and power line lease model.The energy storage sale model balances real-time power deviations by energy interaction with the goal of minimizing system costs while generating revenue for shared energy storage providers(ESPs).Additionally,power line lease model supports peer-to-peer(P2P)power trading among prosumers through the power lines laid by ESPs to connect each prosumer.This model allows ESP to earn profits from the use of power lines while balancing power deviations and better consuming renewable energy.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,ensuring stable power supply for net-zero power systems and providing benefits for both the ESP and prosumers.展开更多
To begin with, rating systems are a beneficial tool in determining the efficiency of a building’s ability to utilise its resources effectively. In this study, the two elements under comparison are the Building Rating...To begin with, rating systems are a beneficial tool in determining the efficiency of a building’s ability to utilise its resources effectively. In this study, the two elements under comparison are the Building Rating Systems (BRSs) and Occupant Rating Systems (ORSs). The main objective of this paper is to be able to examine the most commonly applied international and national BRS and ORS and, based on that, discover the possibility of developing an integration of both the BRS and ORS into one rating system. Quite simply, a BRS is a method by which buildings are assessed and given a score based on numerous features such as the efficiency of each of the services, total energy consumption, and alternate options of consumption. There are various BRSs that are implemented globally, each with its own set of criteria and specifications. Thus, based on the analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of both types of rating systems, it could be deduced that a well-rounded rating system with all technical and non-technical aspects combined would be beneficial to both the efficiency of the building as well as the building occupants’ health and well-being.展开更多
文摘Net-zero energy buildings and communities, which are receiving increasing interest, and the role of energy storage in them, are described. A net-zero energy building or community is defined as one that, in an average year, produces as much energy from renewable energy as it consumes. Net-zero energy buildings and communities and the manner in which energy sustainability is facilitated by them are described and examples are given. Also, energy storage is discussed and the role and importance of energy storage as part of net-zero buildings and communities are explained. The NSERC Smart Net-zero Energy Buildings Research Network, a major Canadian research effort in smart net-zero energy buildings and communities, is described.
文摘The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to investigate the utilization of solar energy across different urban densities and proposes optimized morphologies.The analysis encompasses blocks with diverse population densities,examining medium and high-density areas.By utilizing a multi-objective genetic optimization approach,the urban morphology of these blocks is refined.The findings indicate that low-density blocks exhibit photovoltaic potential ranging from 1 to 6.6 times their total energy consumption.Medium and high-density blocks achieve photovoltaic potential levels approximately equivalent to 40%-85%of their overall energy consumption.Moreover,significant variations in photovoltaic potential are observed among different urban forms within medium and high-density blocks.An“elevated corners with central valley”prototype is proposed as an effective approach,enhancing the overall photovoltaic potential by approximately 14%.This study introduces novel analytical concepts,shedding light on the intricate relationship between urban morphologies and photovoltaic potential.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.22JCZDJC00820)。
文摘To provide guidance for photovoltaic(PV)system integration in net-zero distribution systems(DSs),this paper proposes an analytical method for delineating the feasible region for PV integration capacities(PVICs),where the impact of battery energy storage system(BESS)flexibility is considered.First,we introduce distributionally robust chance constraints on network security and energy/carbon net-zero requirements,which form the upper and lower bounds of the feasible region.Then,the formulation and solution of the feasible region is proposed.The resulting analytical expression is a set of linear inequalities,illustrating that the feasible region is a polyhedron in a high-dimensional space.A procedure is designed to verify and adjust the feasible region,ensuring that it satisfies network loss constraints under alternating current(AC)power flow.Case studies on the 4-bus system,the IEEE 33-bus system,and the IEEE 123-bus system verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.It is demonstrated that the proposed method fully captures the spatio-temporal coupling relationship among PVs,loads,and BESSs,while also quantifying the impact of this relationship on the boundaries of the feasible region.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0702200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52377079)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2007181)。
文摘Battery energy storage systems(BESSs)serve a crucial role in balancing energy fluctuations and reducing carbon emissions in net-zero power systems.However,the efficiency and cost performance have remained significant challenges,which hinders the widespread adoption and development of BESSs.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a real-time energy management scheme that considers the involvement of prosumers to support net-zero power systems.The scheme is based on two shared energy storage models,referred to as energy storage sale model and power line lease model.The energy storage sale model balances real-time power deviations by energy interaction with the goal of minimizing system costs while generating revenue for shared energy storage providers(ESPs).Additionally,power line lease model supports peer-to-peer(P2P)power trading among prosumers through the power lines laid by ESPs to connect each prosumer.This model allows ESP to earn profits from the use of power lines while balancing power deviations and better consuming renewable energy.Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,ensuring stable power supply for net-zero power systems and providing benefits for both the ESP and prosumers.
文摘To begin with, rating systems are a beneficial tool in determining the efficiency of a building’s ability to utilise its resources effectively. In this study, the two elements under comparison are the Building Rating Systems (BRSs) and Occupant Rating Systems (ORSs). The main objective of this paper is to be able to examine the most commonly applied international and national BRS and ORS and, based on that, discover the possibility of developing an integration of both the BRS and ORS into one rating system. Quite simply, a BRS is a method by which buildings are assessed and given a score based on numerous features such as the efficiency of each of the services, total energy consumption, and alternate options of consumption. There are various BRSs that are implemented globally, each with its own set of criteria and specifications. Thus, based on the analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of both types of rating systems, it could be deduced that a well-rounded rating system with all technical and non-technical aspects combined would be beneficial to both the efficiency of the building as well as the building occupants’ health and well-being.
