A Transportation Network Equilibrium Reformulation of Eco-Industry Chain Network

In this paper, we demonstrate that the eco-industrial network equilibrium model of link flow version previously introduced can be reformulated as a transportation network equilibrium problem of path flow version. Then, some methodological tools mainly applied in the field of transportation science can be used to discuss the eco-industrial chain network problem. What the highlighted contribution lies in is that the paper not only expands theory of supply chain model with reducing path flow but also generalizes the traditional transportation network equilibrium problem by new applications.

Supply Chain Network Equilibrium with Revenue Sharing Contract under Demand Disruptions

Contract is a common and effective mechanism for supply chain coordination,which has been studied extensively in recent years.For a supply chain network model,contracts can be used to coordinate it because it is too ideal to obtain the network equilibrium state in practical market competition.In order to achieve equilibrium,we introduce revenue sharing contract into a supply chain network equilibrium model with random demand in this paper.Then,we investigate the influence on this network equilibrium state from demand disruptions caused by unexpected emergencies.When demand disruptions happen,the supply chain network equilibrium state will be broken and change to a new one,so the decision makers need to adjust the contract parameters to achieve the new coordinated state through bargaining.Finally,a numerical example with a sudden demand increase as a result of emergent event is provided for illustrative purposes.

A closed-loop Supply Chain Network Equilibrium Model with Fuzzy Demand under Production Capacity Constraints and Price Rigidities

A closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium problem is examined,which consists of mutual competitive manufacturers with production capacity constraints and retailers with fuzzy market demands,mutual competitive collectors as well as a binding price ceiling of the commodities.By utilizing the credibility measure of fuzzy event,variational inequality and Lagrange dual theory,the optimum behaviors of manufactures,retailers,collectors and consumers are described.Therefore,the supply chain network equilibrium model is established.Numerical examples were given to illustrate the impact of production capacity constraints and price ceiling on the network equilibrium pattern.The results show that the shortage of commodities in consumer market will be more serious,the wholesale price of product and purchase price of waste products rise,the profits of retailers decrease,the profits of manufacturers and collectors increase as the government gradually reduce the binding price ceiling on competitive markets,and the trend will be more obvious in the existence of production capacity constraints at same time.

Traffic network equilibrium problems with demands uncertainty and capacity constraints of arcs by scalarization approaches

This paper focuses on the vector traffic network equilibrium problem with demands uncertainty and capacity constraints of arcs, in which, the demands are not exactly known and assumed as a discrete set that contains finite scenarios. For different scenario, the demand may be changed, which seems much more reasonable in practical programming. By using the linear scalarization method,we introduce several definitions of parametric equilibrium flows and reveal their mutual relations. Meanwhile, the relationships between the scalar variational inequality as well as the(weak) vector equilibrium flows are explored, meanwhile, some necessary and sufficient conditions that ensure the(weak) vector equilibrium flows are also considered. Additionally, by means of nonlinear scalarization functionals, two kinds of equilibrium principles are derived. All of the derived conclusions contain the demands uncertainty and capacity constraints of arcs, thus the results proposed in this paper improved some existing works. Finally, some numerical examples are employed to show the merits of the improved conclusions.

Developing architecture of a traveler information system for dynamic equilibrium in traffic networks

Having criticized the current architecture of Advanced Traveler Information Systems （ATISs）, this work discusses a new base of requirements to develop a new paradigm for traffic information systems. It mainly integrates three dimensions within a traffic system： drivers＇ pattern of behavior and preferences, urban traffic desires, and capabilities of traffic information service providers. Based on the above, functional segments from several related backgrounds are brought together to structure a new architecture, called Interactive Traveler Information System （ITIS）. The main interactive feature of this new architecture is a two-way communication track between drivers and the traffic information system provider-in fact, a decision on choosing a road at a particular time for an individual will be made based on the utility of both sides. This new configuration consists of driver-side smartphone application, centric traffic prediction, and decision-maker units, which will shape a new approach of decision-making processes. These all work together to satisfy the designated goal of ITIS, which is preserving the Wardrop equilibrium condition in the traffic network level. Finally, we concentrate on a comparison study, which shows a differentiation between performance of the proposed ITIS and the current ATIS model in a real situation. This has been done with simulations of analogical scenarios. The most noticeable advantage of the proposed architecture is not being limited to a saturation limit, and the positive effect of increasing system penetration in the performance of the newly introduced information system. In conclusion, new research subjects are suggested to be carried out.

Equilibrium analysis of mixed passengers in urban railway network

A model is proposed to describe the passengers’route choice behaviors in urban railway traffic with stochastic link capacity degradation by considering two types of demand,sensitive and insensitive passenger.The insensitive passengers choose their route without paying much attention to congestion.To the contrary,sensitive passengers who consider route congestion choose travel route based on generalized cost.An equilibrium state is given by variational inequalities in terms of travel generalized cost,which is represented by the combinations of mean and variance of total travel time.The diagonalization algorithm is given to solve this programming.Results show that insensitive passengers have large effects on the path choice than sensitive ones,especially for the larger demand.

Estimation of plasma equilibrium parameters via a neural network approach

Plasma equilibrium parameters such as position, X-point, internal inductance, and poloidal beta are essential information for efficient and safe operation of tokamak. In this work, the artificial neural network is used to establish a non-linear relationship between the measured diagnostic signals and selected equilibrium parameters. The estimation process is split into a preliminary classification of the kind of equilibrium(limiter or divertor) and subsequent inference of the equilibrium parameters. The training and testing datasets are generated by the tokamak simulation code(TSC), which has been benchmarked with the EAST experimental data. The noise immunity of the inference model is tested. Adding noise to model inputs during training process is proved to have a certain ability for maintaining performance.

Equilibrium Analysis for Anycast in WDM Networks

In this paper, the wavelength-routed WDM network was analyzed for the dynamic case where the arrival of anycast requests was modeled by a state-dependent Poisson process. The equilibrium analysis was also given with the UWNC algorithm.

多周期农产品废弃物供应链网络均衡模型构建

目的研究农产品废弃物可持续利用问题,既实现供应链整体利润最优,又减轻对环境的污染。方法在随机需求的背景下,考虑生产合作社对零售商的不同激励度,分析生产合作社、零售商、需求市场的最优状态,利用变分不等式建立相应的多周期供应链网络均衡模型。结果从多周期角度,实现了农产品废弃物供应链网络均衡利益最优化,可为合作社与零售商在较长时间达到一种均衡状态提供有效解决方案。结论既实现了多周期农产品废弃物的持续利用,又促进了循环经济的发展,同时还实现了供应链网络均衡、供应链整体利润最优和减轻环境污染等目标。

Modified stochastic user-equilibrium assignment algorithm for urban rail transit under network operation

Based on the framework of method of successive averages(MSA), a modified stochastic user-equilibrium assignment algorithm was proposed, which can be used to calculate the passenger flow distribution of urban rail transit(URT) under network operation. In order to describe the congestion's impact to passengers' route choices, a generalized cost function with in-vehicle congestion was set up. Building on the k-th shortest path algorithm, a method for generating choice set with time constraint was embedded, considering the characteristics of network operation. A simple but efficient route choice model, which was derived from travel surveys for URT passengers in China, was introduced to perform the stochastic network loading at each iteration in the algorithm. Initial tests on the URT network in Shanghai City show that the methodology, with rational calculation time, promises to compute more precisely the passenger flow distribution of URT under network operation, compared with those practical algorithms used in today's China.

基于改进SlowFast模型的设施黄瓜农事行为识别方法

[目的/意义]农事行为活动识别对设施蔬菜生产精准化调控有着重要意义,在一定程度上可以通过查看农事操作的时间、操作过程是否合理来减少因农事行为不当导致产量下降。为了解决农事行为识别方法中由于黄瓜叶片和设施遮挡导致识别准确率不高的问题,提出一种名为SlowFast-SMC-ECA (SlowFast-Spatio-Temporal Excitation、Channel Excitation、Motion Excitation-Efficient Channel Attention)的农事活动行为识别算法。[方法]该算法主要基于SlowFast模型,通过改进Fast Pathway和Slow Pathway中的网络结构来提高对于农事活动中手部动作特征和关键特征的提取能力。在Fast Pathway中,引入多路径激励残差网络的概念,通过在信道之间插入卷积操作来增强它们在时域上的相互关联性,从而更好地捕捉快速运动信息的细微时间变化。在Slow Pathway中,将传统的Residual Block替换为ECA-Res结构,以提高对通道信息的捕获能力。这两项改进有效地加强了通道之间的联系,提升了特征之间的语义信息传递,进而显著提升了农事行为识别的准确率。此外,为了解决数据集中类别不均衡的问题,设计了平衡损失函数(Smoothing Loss),通过引入正则化系数,平衡损失函数可以有效地处理数据集中的类别不均衡情况,提高模型在各个类别上的表现。[结果和讨论]改进的SlowFast-SMC-ECA模型在农事行为识别中表现出良好的性能,各类行为的平均识别精度达到80.47%,相较于原始的SlowFast模型有约3.5%的提升。[结论]本研究在农事行为识别中展现出良好的性能。这对农业生产的智能化管理和决策具有重要意义。

不确定环境下收费与信息对路径选择行为影响的实验研究

在不确定环境下考虑信息发布与拥挤收费两种措施,基于交通网络均衡,推导了两路径简单路网的最优收费模型,并推广至一般路网。基于两路径路网设计逐日路径选择行为实验,分析了两种措施对路径选择行为的影响。结果表明:完美信息与收费的实施均能减少流量波动,单独实施收费的效果最佳,但只有两种措施相结合时,路网流量趋于用户均衡的趋势最稳定;完美信息会增加路径切换行为,而收费可有效抑制大幅的路径切换;无收费时路径切换往往会造成出行成本增加,而收费时则相反;收费与信息结合时的出行时间比两种措施单独实施时小。

两方零和马尔科夫博弈策略梯度算法及收敛性分析

为了解决基于策略的强化学习方法在两方零和马尔科夫博弈中学习效率低下的问题,提出同时更新双方玩家策略的近似纳什均衡策略优化算法.将两方零和马尔科夫博弈问题描述为最大最小优化问题,针对参数化策略,给出马尔科夫博弈的策略梯度定理,并通过近似随机策略梯度的推导,为算法实施提供可行性基础.通过比较分析不同的最大最小问题梯度更新方法,发现额外梯度相较于其他方法具有更好的收敛性能.基于这一发现,提出基于额外梯度的近似纳什均衡策略优化算法,并给出算法的收敛性证明.在Oshi-Zumo游戏上,使用表格式softmax参数化策略以及神经网络作为参数化策略,验证不同游戏规模场景下算法的有效性.通过对比实验,验证算法相对于其他方法的收敛性和优越性.

考虑生产商风险的绿色供应链网络均衡问题研究

文章研究了考虑生产商风险管理因素并存在为购买绿色商品的零售商提供价格补贴的绿色供应链网络均衡模型,可以有效降低风险损失,提高竞争优势。该供应链由生产商、零售商、消费市场的三层结构组成,分析了损失函数表达供应链中的中断风险特征及生产商、零售商、消费市场的行为优化条件,将供应链网络均衡问题转化为广义纳什均衡问题,通过证明广义纳什均衡解的存在性证明得到供应链网络均衡问题的解也是存在的,并提供数值算例以验证其合理性。

基于一类新型激活函数的递归神经网络的多稳定性分析

本研究基于一类新型连续锯齿型激活函数研究了递归神经网络(Hopfield神经网络)的多稳定性。首先,通过区间剖分法、Brouwer不动点定理证明了基于该激活函数的n维神经网络模型至少具有7n个平衡点,并运用对角占优矩阵理论、局部稳定性判定定理等方法证明了其中4n个平衡点是局部指数稳定的,剩余的平衡点是不稳定的。其次,通过增加锯齿型激活函数的峰值点将激活函数推广到更一般的情况,得到了n维神经网络在含有k个峰值点的连续锯齿型激活函数中至少具有(2k+1)n个平衡点,其中(k+1)n个平衡点为局部稳定的。本研究设计的激活函数相较于现有的一些激活函数会产生更多的稳定平衡点,并且在增加峰值点的过程中不会增加神经网络的计算复杂度。最后,通过两个具体的数值算例验证了本研究结果的有效性。

约束多目标优化问题的一类内-外混合罚函数方法

该文提出一种内-外混合罚函数方法求解具有等式和不等式约束的多目标优化问题.其中罚函数由目标函数,内点罚函数和可行集外点罚函数构成.在适当的条件下,借助具有单调性的辅助函数,证明了算法所生成的迭代序列收敛于问题的Pareto最优解或弱Pareto最优解.同时给出了三个数值实验来验证算法的可行性.最后将算法应用于解决多指标交通网络最小费用流问题,并与线性加权法进行比较,结果表明该算法在时间成本上具有明显的优势.

电-路耦合网络下电动汽车充电站选址定容低碳规划

针对现有电动汽车充电站规划研究鲜有考虑碳排放的问题,提出了一种电-路耦合网络下电动汽车充电站选址定容低碳规划的方法。首先,建立电-路耦合网络,考虑不同车辆的相互影响并计及电动汽车用户里程焦虑,利用蒙特卡洛法模拟车流;其次,对耦合网络碳排放进行溯源和追踪;然后,考虑经济成本和碳排放量,建立多目标充电站规划模型,并利用帕累托前沿求取最优解;最后,以IEEE 33节点配电网和12节点交通网组成的耦合网络作为算例,验证所提方法的有效性。