<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The study of interactions between neuroendocrinology and immunology, or immunoendocrinology, is a recent field with ...<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The study of interactions between neuroendocrinology and immunology, or immunoendocrinology, is a recent field with the majority of its development in the last 30 years that involves communication between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Homeostasis, development, aging, metabolism, infection, and inflammation are all influenced by the cross talk between these systems via hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. The nervous system affects the immune system through either the hypothalamus-pituitary axes (adrenal, gonadal, thyroid, growth-hormone) neuropeptide and hormone signals or autonomic nervous system signals of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. On the other hand, the immune system passes feedback through cytokine type and concentration in the blood. Imbalance of any of these systems leads to increased risk in severity of metabolic, psychiatric, inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. These two systems are complex standalone and even more so in their interaction. Thus, the relationship between the immune system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis is necessary to be reviewed.</span> </div>展开更多
Since US Food and Drug Administration approval of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose as a positron tracer,and the development of hybrid positron emission tomography/ computed tomography machines,there has been a great increase in ...Since US Food and Drug Administration approval of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose as a positron tracer,and the development of hybrid positron emission tomography/ computed tomography machines,there has been a great increase in clinical application and progress in the field of nuclear molecular imaging.However,not under- estimating the value of 18F,there are known limitations in the use of this cyclotron-produced positron tracer.We hence turn our focus to an emerging positron tracer, 68 Ga,and examine the advantages,current clinical uses and potential future applications of this radioisotope.展开更多
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The study of interactions between neuroendocrinology and immunology, or immunoendocrinology, is a recent field with the majority of its development in the last 30 years that involves communication between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Homeostasis, development, aging, metabolism, infection, and inflammation are all influenced by the cross talk between these systems via hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters. The nervous system affects the immune system through either the hypothalamus-pituitary axes (adrenal, gonadal, thyroid, growth-hormone) neuropeptide and hormone signals or autonomic nervous system signals of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. On the other hand, the immune system passes feedback through cytokine type and concentration in the blood. Imbalance of any of these systems leads to increased risk in severity of metabolic, psychiatric, inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. These two systems are complex standalone and even more so in their interaction. Thus, the relationship between the immune system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis is necessary to be reviewed.</span> </div>
文摘Since US Food and Drug Administration approval of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose as a positron tracer,and the development of hybrid positron emission tomography/ computed tomography machines,there has been a great increase in clinical application and progress in the field of nuclear molecular imaging.However,not under- estimating the value of 18F,there are known limitations in the use of this cyclotron-produced positron tracer.We hence turn our focus to an emerging positron tracer, 68 Ga,and examine the advantages,current clinical uses and potential future applications of this radioisotope.
