Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B(IND-B)is a controversial condition among gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorders.Constipation is its most common clinical manifestation in patients.Despite intense scientific rese...Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B(IND-B)is a controversial condition among gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorders.Constipation is its most common clinical manifestation in patients.Despite intense scientific research,there are still knowledge gaps regarding the diagnostic criteria for IND-B in the histopathological analysis of rectal biopsies.The guidelines published in the past three decades have directed diagnostic criteria for quantifying the number of ganglion cells in the nervous plexus of the enteric nervous system.However,it is very complex to distinguish numerically what is pathological from what is normal,mainly because of the difficulty in determining a reliable control group composed of healthy children without intestinal symptoms.Thus,a series of immunohistochemical markers have been proposed to assist in the histopathological analysis of the enteric nervous system.Several of these markers facilitate the identification of other structures of the enteric nervous system,in addition to ganglion cells.These structures may be related to the etiopathogenesis of IND-B and represent new possibilities for the histopathological diagnosis of this disease,providing a view beyond the number of ganglion cells.This review critically discusses the aspects related to the disease definitions and diagnostic criteria of this organic cause of constipation.展开更多
Network fault diagnosis methods play a vital role in maintaining network service quality and enhancing user experience as an integral component of intelligent network management.Considering the unique characteristics ...Network fault diagnosis methods play a vital role in maintaining network service quality and enhancing user experience as an integral component of intelligent network management.Considering the unique characteristics of edge networks,such as limited resources,complex network faults,and the need for high real-time performance,enhancing and optimizing existing network fault diagnosis methods is necessary.Therefore,this paper proposes the lightweight edge-side fault diagnosis approach based on a spiking neural network(LSNN).Firstly,we use the Izhikevich neurons model to replace the Leaky Integrate and Fire(LIF)neurons model in the LSNN model.Izhikevich neurons inherit the simplicity of LIF neurons but also possess richer behavioral characteristics and flexibility to handle diverse data inputs.Inspired by Fast Spiking Interneurons(FSIs)with a high-frequency firing pattern,we use the parameters of FSIs.Secondly,inspired by the connection mode based on spiking dynamics in the basal ganglia(BG)area of the brain,we propose the pruning approach based on the FSIs of the BG in LSNN to improve computational efficiency and reduce the demand for computing resources and energy consumption.Furthermore,we propose a multiple iterative Dynamic Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity(DSTDP)algorithm to enhance the accuracy of the LSNN model.Experiments on two server fault datasets demonstrate significant precision,recall,and F1 improvements across three diagnosis dimensions.Simultaneously,lightweight indicators such as Params and FLOPs significantly reduced,showcasing the LSNN’s advanced performance and model efficiency.To conclude,experiment results on a pair of datasets indicate that the LSNN model surpasses traditional models and achieves cutting-edge outcomes in network fault diagnosis tasks.展开更多
The concept, definition, and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) currently present some problems. This article systematically reviews the literature on the history, current concepts, definition, and diagno...The concept, definition, and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) currently present some problems. This article systematically reviews the literature on the history, current concepts, definition, and diagnosis of ALS, and discloses the present problems based on the retrieved literature and the authors' clinical experience. The current concepts and definitions of ALS have not yet been unified or standardized in clinical practice, and are sometimes vague or inaccurate, which can cause difficulties for neurologists in the clinical treatment of ALS. The concept and definition of ALS need to be further ascertained, and the current diagnostic criteria for ALS require further development. The identification of effective and objective biomarkers may be a feasible method for the early and accurate diagnosis of ALS. Therefore, future research should focus on the identification of reliable biomarkers—especially neuroimaging biomarkers—through autopsy. Standardizing the concept and definition of ALS and formulating clear diagnostic criteria will largely avoid many uncertainties in the future clinical research and treatment of ALS, which will greatly benefit patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium abscessus(M.abscessus)is a rapidly growing mycobacterium and ubiquitous in the environment,which infrequently causes disease in humans.However,it can cause cutaneous or respiratory infections ...BACKGROUND Mycobacterium abscessus(M.abscessus)is a rapidly growing mycobacterium and ubiquitous in the environment,which infrequently causes disease in humans.However,it can cause cutaneous or respiratory infections among immunocompromised hosts.Due to the resistance to most antibiotics,the pathogen is formidable and difficult-to-treat.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present a case of catheter-related M.abscessus infections in a patient with motor neurone disease.Catheter and peripheral blood cultures of the patient showed positive results during Gram staining and acid-fast staining.The alarm time of catheter blood culture was 10.6 h earlier than that of peripheral blood.After removal of the peripherally inserted central catheter,secretion and catheter blood culture were positive.M.abscessus was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing.CONCLUSION For catheter-related M.abscessus infection,rapid diagnosis and timely and adequate antimicrobial therapy are crucial.展开更多
目的:研究神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤早期的变化。方法:选取2015年1月—2018年7月广州市南方医科大学南方医院收治的62例宫内窘迫新生儿作为研究对象,依据出生第1天NSE水平是否>30.0μg/L分为低水平组与高水平...目的:研究神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤早期的变化。方法:选取2015年1月—2018年7月广州市南方医科大学南方医院收治的62例宫内窘迫新生儿作为研究对象,依据出生第1天NSE水平是否>30.0μg/L分为低水平组与高水平组,各31例。两组均接受头颅MRI、NSE检查,比较不同时间点情况。结果:低水平组出生后1、4、7 d NSE水平低于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低水平组出生后7、14 d新生儿神经行为测定评分高于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低水平组头颅MRI检查异常信号阳性率低于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.019)。结论:早期NSE水平较高时,多数宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤情况较为严重,提示NSE水平可为宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤的早期诊断提供参考依据。展开更多
This paper proposes a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) model, which uses a propagation algorithm. A logical operation is defined by a set of weights which are independent of inputs. The realization of the basic And,Or and N...This paper proposes a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) model, which uses a propagation algorithm. A logical operation is defined by a set of weights which are independent of inputs. The realization of the basic And,Or and Negation fuzzy logical operations is shown by the fuzzy neuron. A example in fault diagnosis is put forward and the result witnesses some effectiveness of the new FNN model.展开更多
基金São Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP),No.2017/26205-9.
文摘Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B(IND-B)is a controversial condition among gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorders.Constipation is its most common clinical manifestation in patients.Despite intense scientific research,there are still knowledge gaps regarding the diagnostic criteria for IND-B in the histopathological analysis of rectal biopsies.The guidelines published in the past three decades have directed diagnostic criteria for quantifying the number of ganglion cells in the nervous plexus of the enteric nervous system.However,it is very complex to distinguish numerically what is pathological from what is normal,mainly because of the difficulty in determining a reliable control group composed of healthy children without intestinal symptoms.Thus,a series of immunohistochemical markers have been proposed to assist in the histopathological analysis of the enteric nervous system.Several of these markers facilitate the identification of other structures of the enteric nervous system,in addition to ganglion cells.These structures may be related to the etiopathogenesis of IND-B and represent new possibilities for the histopathological diagnosis of this disease,providing a view beyond the number of ganglion cells.This review critically discusses the aspects related to the disease definitions and diagnostic criteria of this organic cause of constipation.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFB2103202).
文摘Network fault diagnosis methods play a vital role in maintaining network service quality and enhancing user experience as an integral component of intelligent network management.Considering the unique characteristics of edge networks,such as limited resources,complex network faults,and the need for high real-time performance,enhancing and optimizing existing network fault diagnosis methods is necessary.Therefore,this paper proposes the lightweight edge-side fault diagnosis approach based on a spiking neural network(LSNN).Firstly,we use the Izhikevich neurons model to replace the Leaky Integrate and Fire(LIF)neurons model in the LSNN model.Izhikevich neurons inherit the simplicity of LIF neurons but also possess richer behavioral characteristics and flexibility to handle diverse data inputs.Inspired by Fast Spiking Interneurons(FSIs)with a high-frequency firing pattern,we use the parameters of FSIs.Secondly,inspired by the connection mode based on spiking dynamics in the basal ganglia(BG)area of the brain,we propose the pruning approach based on the FSIs of the BG in LSNN to improve computational efficiency and reduce the demand for computing resources and energy consumption.Furthermore,we propose a multiple iterative Dynamic Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity(DSTDP)algorithm to enhance the accuracy of the LSNN model.Experiments on two server fault datasets demonstrate significant precision,recall,and F1 improvements across three diagnosis dimensions.Simultaneously,lightweight indicators such as Params and FLOPs significantly reduced,showcasing the LSNN’s advanced performance and model efficiency.To conclude,experiment results on a pair of datasets indicate that the LSNN model surpasses traditional models and achieves cutting-edge outcomes in network fault diagnosis tasks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30560042,81160161 and 81360198(all to RSX)grants from the Education Department of Jiangxi Province,No.GJJ13198 and GJJ170021(both to RSX)+3 种基金grants from Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology,No.2014-47,20142BBG70062,and 20171BAB215022(all to RSX)a grant from Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province,No.20181019(to RSX)a grant from Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology Gan Po Elite 555,No.2015108(to RSX)the Innovation Fund Designated for Graduate Students of Jiangxi Province,No.YC2016-B027 and YC2015-S097(both to RSX)。
文摘The concept, definition, and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) currently present some problems. This article systematically reviews the literature on the history, current concepts, definition, and diagnosis of ALS, and discloses the present problems based on the retrieved literature and the authors' clinical experience. The current concepts and definitions of ALS have not yet been unified or standardized in clinical practice, and are sometimes vague or inaccurate, which can cause difficulties for neurologists in the clinical treatment of ALS. The concept and definition of ALS need to be further ascertained, and the current diagnostic criteria for ALS require further development. The identification of effective and objective biomarkers may be a feasible method for the early and accurate diagnosis of ALS. Therefore, future research should focus on the identification of reliable biomarkers—especially neuroimaging biomarkers—through autopsy. Standardizing the concept and definition of ALS and formulating clear diagnostic criteria will largely avoid many uncertainties in the future clinical research and treatment of ALS, which will greatly benefit patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Mycobacterium abscessus(M.abscessus)is a rapidly growing mycobacterium and ubiquitous in the environment,which infrequently causes disease in humans.However,it can cause cutaneous or respiratory infections among immunocompromised hosts.Due to the resistance to most antibiotics,the pathogen is formidable and difficult-to-treat.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present a case of catheter-related M.abscessus infections in a patient with motor neurone disease.Catheter and peripheral blood cultures of the patient showed positive results during Gram staining and acid-fast staining.The alarm time of catheter blood culture was 10.6 h earlier than that of peripheral blood.After removal of the peripherally inserted central catheter,secretion and catheter blood culture were positive.M.abscessus was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing.CONCLUSION For catheter-related M.abscessus infection,rapid diagnosis and timely and adequate antimicrobial therapy are crucial.
文摘目的:研究神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤早期的变化。方法:选取2015年1月—2018年7月广州市南方医科大学南方医院收治的62例宫内窘迫新生儿作为研究对象,依据出生第1天NSE水平是否>30.0μg/L分为低水平组与高水平组,各31例。两组均接受头颅MRI、NSE检查,比较不同时间点情况。结果:低水平组出生后1、4、7 d NSE水平低于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低水平组出生后7、14 d新生儿神经行为测定评分高于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低水平组头颅MRI检查异常信号阳性率低于高水平组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.019)。结论:早期NSE水平较高时,多数宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤情况较为严重,提示NSE水平可为宫内窘迫新生儿脑损伤的早期诊断提供参考依据。
文摘This paper proposes a Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) model, which uses a propagation algorithm. A logical operation is defined by a set of weights which are independent of inputs. The realization of the basic And,Or and Negation fuzzy logical operations is shown by the fuzzy neuron. A example in fault diagnosis is put forward and the result witnesses some effectiveness of the new FNN model.
