BACKGROUND Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum that can invade the central nervous system,causing encephalitis.Few cases of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis(AE)secon...BACKGROUND Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum that can invade the central nervous system,causing encephalitis.Few cases of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis(AE)secondary to neurosyphilis have been reported.We report a neurosyphilis patient with anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor(GABABR)AE.CASE SUMMARY A young man in his 30s who presented with acute epileptic status was admitted to a local hospital.He was diagnosed with neurosyphilis,according to serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tests for syphilis.After 14 d of antiepileptic treatment and anti-Treponema pallidum therapy with penicillin,epilepsy was controlled but serious cognitive impairment,behavioral,and serious psychiatric symptoms were observed.He was then transferred to our hospital.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)crude test results showed only 2 points.Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant cerebral atrophy and multiple fluidattenuated inversion recovery high signals in the white matter surrounding both lateral ventricles,left amygdala and bilateral thalami.Anti-GABABR antibodies were discovered in CSF(1:3.2)and serum(1:100).The patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis complicated by anti-GABABR AE,and received methylprednisolone and penicillin.Following treatment,his mental symptoms were alleviated.Cognitive impairment was significantly improved,with a MMSE of 8 points.Serum anti-GABABR antibody titer decreased to 1:32.The patient received methylprednisolone and penicillin after discharge.Three months later,the patient’s condition was stable,but the serum anti-GABABR antibody titer was 1:100.CONCLUSION This patient with neurosyphilis combined with anti-GABABR encephalitis benefited from immunotherapy.展开更多
目的对1例高频抗体导致的胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)进行检测、鉴定及配血。方法对患儿进行新生儿溶血试验,对母亲进行血清学意外抗体鉴定,并对母亲红细胞进行常见高频抗原鉴定;对检出抗体进行...目的对1例高频抗体导致的胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)进行检测、鉴定及配血。方法对患儿进行新生儿溶血试验,对母亲进行血清学意外抗体鉴定,并对母亲红细胞进行常见高频抗原鉴定;对检出抗体进行IgG分型检测,并用流式细胞术进行单核细胞体外吞噬致敏红细胞试验,以检测抗体相关的吞噬率;对患儿母亲、父亲及舅舅进行相关红细胞血型基因测序;利用稀释的母亲血浆和抗人球卡法,在献血者中进行大规模相合血液的筛选。结果产妇鉴定为Di(b-)稀有血型,产生了抗-Di b(效价512)并导致了严重的HDFN;抗-Di b亚型分型为IgG1和IgG2型,单核细胞体外吞噬效率为88.83%(74.7/84.09);产妇亲属中没有相合献血者,后续从5520名献血者中筛选到2例Di(b-)相合血液,患儿接收输血治疗后康复出院。后续在51334名献血者中筛查到17名Di(b-)献血者,该数据表明Di(b-)在广州地区献血者中的分布频率约为三千分之一(0.033%,17/51334)。结论综合利用血型血清学及分子生物学方法诊断了抗-Di b所致的严重HDFN,建立了1种有效大规模筛查Di(b-)稀有血型的方法并找到相合血液,为建立Di(b-)稀有血型库奠定了基础。展开更多
The liver is an organ that withstands a lot of insults due to various things such as infection, toxins and even our own immune system. There are injuries to the liver that are relatively common in medicine such as vir...The liver is an organ that withstands a lot of insults due to various things such as infection, toxins and even our own immune system. There are injuries to the liver that are relatively common in medicine such as viral hepatitis caused by different strains of Hepatitis A-E, autoimmune hepatitis, and injury by drugs such as acetaminophen. However, syphilis causing hepatitis is not seen often and there are certain features that distinguish syphilitic hepatitis that should be reported more to distinguish its characteristic features.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cerebral syphilitic gumma is a relatively rare clinical disease.Its clinical manifest-ations are non-specific,and the imaging manifestations are similar to other in-tracranial occupying lesions,often misdia...BACKGROUND Cerebral syphilitic gumma is a relatively rare clinical disease.Its clinical manifest-ations are non-specific,and the imaging manifestations are similar to other in-tracranial occupying lesions,often misdiagnosed as tumors or abscesses.There are few reports on this disease in the relevant literature.To our knowledge,we have reported the first case of cerebral syphilitic gumma misdiagnosed as a brain abscess.We report this case and provide useful information for clinical doctors on neurosyphilis diseases.CASE SUMMARY We report the case to explore the diagnostic essentials of cerebral syphilitic gumma and attempt to mitigate the rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis by equipping physicians with knowledge of neurosyphilis characteristics.The cli-nical diagnosis and treatment of a patient with cerebral syphilitic gumma were reported.Clinical manifestations,classifications,and diagnostic points were retro-spectively analyzed.The patient was admitted to the hospital with fever and limb weakness.Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple space-occupying lesions and a positive serum Treponema pallidum gelatin agglutination test.The patient was misdiagnosed as having a brain abscess and underwent a craniotomy.A postoperative pathological diagnosis of syphilis gumma was made.The patient improved and was discharged after penicillin anti-syphilis treatment.Follow-up recovery was satisfactory.CONCLUSION Cerebral syphilitic gumma is rare in clinical practice,and it is often misdiagnosed and missed.Clinical diagnosis should be considered in combination with multiple examinations.展开更多
A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged el...A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.展开更多
Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and p...Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and practices have proven difficult to understand and implement fully into clinical practice. Cultural and language differences can be compounded with these challenges but may also present new opportunities for advancement and insight when studied by researchers outside of the originating culture. This article introduces the method of Classical-Text Archaeology and delves into the author’s two-decade journey of researching this text, with a discussion on cultural differences and issues of medical scholarship.展开更多
Limbic encephalitis (LE) is a clinical entity related to a mesial temporal lesion resulting in a combination of anterograde memory dysfunction, behavioral changes, and seizures. The most common causes of limbic enceph...Limbic encephalitis (LE) is a clinical entity related to a mesial temporal lesion resulting in a combination of anterograde memory dysfunction, behavioral changes, and seizures. The most common causes of limbic encephalitis are Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis, autoimmune encephalitis. Neurosyphilis is an exceptional aetiology. The early diagnosis and management of the disease determine the prognosis. This clinical course highlights the diagnostic challenge limbic encephalitis can cause and the importance of considering neurosyphilis in patients with specific or unspecific neurological symptoms. We report a case of a mesiotemporal form of neurosyphilis revealed by a LE.展开更多
China Through My Camera programme provides Namibian influencer a chance to get a multidimensional view of the country.After graduating in Beijing in 2020 during the tumultuous period of COVID-19,I didn’t think that I...China Through My Camera programme provides Namibian influencer a chance to get a multidimensional view of the country.After graduating in Beijing in 2020 during the tumultuous period of COVID-19,I didn’t think that I would be able to return to China anytime soon.The pandemic had disrupted lives globally,and like many international students,I was not sure if I would be able to ever set foot in China again.Travel restrictions were stringent,and the idea of returning seemed like a distant dream.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum that can invade the central nervous system,causing encephalitis.Few cases of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis(AE)secondary to neurosyphilis have been reported.We report a neurosyphilis patient with anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor(GABABR)AE.CASE SUMMARY A young man in his 30s who presented with acute epileptic status was admitted to a local hospital.He was diagnosed with neurosyphilis,according to serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tests for syphilis.After 14 d of antiepileptic treatment and anti-Treponema pallidum therapy with penicillin,epilepsy was controlled but serious cognitive impairment,behavioral,and serious psychiatric symptoms were observed.He was then transferred to our hospital.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)crude test results showed only 2 points.Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant cerebral atrophy and multiple fluidattenuated inversion recovery high signals in the white matter surrounding both lateral ventricles,left amygdala and bilateral thalami.Anti-GABABR antibodies were discovered in CSF(1:3.2)and serum(1:100).The patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis complicated by anti-GABABR AE,and received methylprednisolone and penicillin.Following treatment,his mental symptoms were alleviated.Cognitive impairment was significantly improved,with a MMSE of 8 points.Serum anti-GABABR antibody titer decreased to 1:32.The patient received methylprednisolone and penicillin after discharge.Three months later,the patient’s condition was stable,but the serum anti-GABABR antibody titer was 1:100.CONCLUSION This patient with neurosyphilis combined with anti-GABABR encephalitis benefited from immunotherapy.
文摘目的对1例高频抗体导致的胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)进行检测、鉴定及配血。方法对患儿进行新生儿溶血试验,对母亲进行血清学意外抗体鉴定,并对母亲红细胞进行常见高频抗原鉴定;对检出抗体进行IgG分型检测,并用流式细胞术进行单核细胞体外吞噬致敏红细胞试验,以检测抗体相关的吞噬率;对患儿母亲、父亲及舅舅进行相关红细胞血型基因测序;利用稀释的母亲血浆和抗人球卡法,在献血者中进行大规模相合血液的筛选。结果产妇鉴定为Di(b-)稀有血型,产生了抗-Di b(效价512)并导致了严重的HDFN;抗-Di b亚型分型为IgG1和IgG2型,单核细胞体外吞噬效率为88.83%(74.7/84.09);产妇亲属中没有相合献血者,后续从5520名献血者中筛选到2例Di(b-)相合血液,患儿接收输血治疗后康复出院。后续在51334名献血者中筛查到17名Di(b-)献血者,该数据表明Di(b-)在广州地区献血者中的分布频率约为三千分之一(0.033%,17/51334)。结论综合利用血型血清学及分子生物学方法诊断了抗-Di b所致的严重HDFN,建立了1种有效大规模筛查Di(b-)稀有血型的方法并找到相合血液,为建立Di(b-)稀有血型库奠定了基础。
文摘The liver is an organ that withstands a lot of insults due to various things such as infection, toxins and even our own immune system. There are injuries to the liver that are relatively common in medicine such as viral hepatitis caused by different strains of Hepatitis A-E, autoimmune hepatitis, and injury by drugs such as acetaminophen. However, syphilis causing hepatitis is not seen often and there are certain features that distinguish syphilitic hepatitis that should be reported more to distinguish its characteristic features.
文摘BACKGROUND Cerebral syphilitic gumma is a relatively rare clinical disease.Its clinical manifest-ations are non-specific,and the imaging manifestations are similar to other in-tracranial occupying lesions,often misdiagnosed as tumors or abscesses.There are few reports on this disease in the relevant literature.To our knowledge,we have reported the first case of cerebral syphilitic gumma misdiagnosed as a brain abscess.We report this case and provide useful information for clinical doctors on neurosyphilis diseases.CASE SUMMARY We report the case to explore the diagnostic essentials of cerebral syphilitic gumma and attempt to mitigate the rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis by equipping physicians with knowledge of neurosyphilis characteristics.The cli-nical diagnosis and treatment of a patient with cerebral syphilitic gumma were reported.Clinical manifestations,classifications,and diagnostic points were retro-spectively analyzed.The patient was admitted to the hospital with fever and limb weakness.Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple space-occupying lesions and a positive serum Treponema pallidum gelatin agglutination test.The patient was misdiagnosed as having a brain abscess and underwent a craniotomy.A postoperative pathological diagnosis of syphilis gumma was made.The patient improved and was discharged after penicillin anti-syphilis treatment.Follow-up recovery was satisfactory.CONCLUSION Cerebral syphilitic gumma is rare in clinical practice,and it is often misdiagnosed and missed.Clinical diagnosis should be considered in combination with multiple examinations.
基金supported by the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018-000052-7301-001228)the Major Special Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(No.912188707023)。
文摘A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.
文摘Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and practices have proven difficult to understand and implement fully into clinical practice. Cultural and language differences can be compounded with these challenges but may also present new opportunities for advancement and insight when studied by researchers outside of the originating culture. This article introduces the method of Classical-Text Archaeology and delves into the author’s two-decade journey of researching this text, with a discussion on cultural differences and issues of medical scholarship.
文摘Limbic encephalitis (LE) is a clinical entity related to a mesial temporal lesion resulting in a combination of anterograde memory dysfunction, behavioral changes, and seizures. The most common causes of limbic encephalitis are Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis, autoimmune encephalitis. Neurosyphilis is an exceptional aetiology. The early diagnosis and management of the disease determine the prognosis. This clinical course highlights the diagnostic challenge limbic encephalitis can cause and the importance of considering neurosyphilis in patients with specific or unspecific neurological symptoms. We report a case of a mesiotemporal form of neurosyphilis revealed by a LE.
文摘China Through My Camera programme provides Namibian influencer a chance to get a multidimensional view of the country.After graduating in Beijing in 2020 during the tumultuous period of COVID-19,I didn’t think that I would be able to return to China anytime soon.The pandemic had disrupted lives globally,and like many international students,I was not sure if I would be able to ever set foot in China again.Travel restrictions were stringent,and the idea of returning seemed like a distant dream.
