Diagnostic value of biomarkers for sepsis in adult patients in the emergency department: Don't forget the neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio

Objective: To determine and compare the diagnostic efficiency of various biomarkers [C-reactive protein, neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLCR), lactate, procalcitonin, blood culture] in the identification of septic patients in emergency department (ED), and to assess the predictive value of combination of markers. Methods: This was a prospective, single centre study conducted in the ED of an urban, tertiary care hospital. We included patients who were admitted to the ED with symptoms of a possible infection. Blood cultures and serum measurement of the biomarkers were collected from 131 patients. Patients were determined to be septic or non-septic, based on the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria and the diagnosis was made at the ED. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and area under curves (AUC) were calculated. Results: A total of 126 patients, 61 with sepsis and 65 without sepsis were eventually included in the study. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio displayed the highest accuracy in diagnosing sepsis (AUC 0.735, 95% CI=0648-0.822, P<0.001). The best combination of markers in predicting sepsis was NLCR and white blood cell (AUC: 0.801, 95% CI=0.724-0.878, P<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this small study showed that NLCR outperforms other markers in diagnosing sepsis in ED. It is readily available, cost efficient, non invasive and independent. It may be insufficient to rely on this single marker to diagnose sepsis, so some other diagnostic utilities should be taken into account as one part of the overall assessment. Our study also showed that combination of NLCR and white blood cell provides the highest diagnostic accuracy. More large scale studies across different population groups will be needed to confirm this finding.

Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in peripheral whole blood samples of colorectal cancer patients

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy worldwide.Therefore,it is critically important to identify new useful markers that can be easily obtained in routine practice.Inflammation is a crucial issue in the pathogenesis and development of cancer.AIM To evaluate the prognostic value of absolute monocyte count,monocyte to lymphocyte ratio(MLR),the combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR-PLR),and combined platelet and neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio(PLT-NLR)in peripheral blood samples of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery.METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 160 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery,and 42 healthy controls.The status of absolute monocyte count,MLR,NLR-PLR and PLT-NLR was calculated on the basis of blood samples obtained before and after surgery.Haematologic factors were examined in correlation with the type of tumour growth,tumour size,histological type,percentage of mucinous component,grade of malignancy,Tumour-Node-Metastasis stage,venous,lymphatic and perineural invasion of cancer cells,status of lymph node invasion and the presence of cancer cell deposits.The Kaplan-Meier method and the long-rank test were used to compare survival curves.To determine independent prognostic factors,univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied.RESULTS The PLT-NLR status was correlated with tumour size and the presence of perineural invasion(P=0.015;P=-0.174,P=0.037).Moreover,high NLR-PLR and PLR-NLR ratios in the blood samples obtained after surgery were positively associated with histological type of cancer and percentage of the mucinous component(NLR-PLR:P=0.002;P=0.009;PLR-NLR status:P=0.002;P=0.007).The analysis of 5-year disease-free survival showed that the MLR of whole blood obtained after surgery[HR=2.903,95%CI:(1.368-6.158),P=0.005]and the status of lymph node metastasis[HR=0.813,95%CI:(0.653-1.013),P=0.050]were independent prognostic factors in colorectal cancer patients.CONCLUSION The postoperative MLR in whole blood samples can be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Activated systemic inflammatory response at diagnosis reduces lymph node count in colonic carcinoma

AIM: To investigate a link between lymph node yield and systemic inflammatory response in colon cancer. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database was interrogated. All patients undergoing curative colonic resection were included. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and albumin were used as markers of SIR. In keeping with previously studies, NLR ≥ 4, albumin < 35 was used as cut off points for SIR. Statistical analysis was performed using 2 sample t-test and χ~2 tests where appropriate.RESULTS: Three hundred and two patients were included for analysis. One hundred and ninety-five patients had NLR < 4 and 107 had NLR ≥ 4. There was no difference in age or sex between groups. Patients with NLR of ≥ 4 had lower mean lymph node yields than patients with NLR < 4 [17.6 ± 7.1 vs 19.2 ± 7.9(P = 0.036)]. More patients with an elevated NLR had node positive disease and an increased lymph node ratio(≥ 0.25, P = 0.044). CONCLUSION: Prognosis in colon cancer is intimately linked to the patient’s immune response. Assuming standardised surgical technique and sub specialty pathology, lymph node count is reduced when systemic inflammatory response is activated.

The Lower Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio Following Completion of First Line Chemotherapy Is a Risk Factor for Predicting Relapse in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Background and objective: During routine follow up, there is no specific predictor to ascertain relapse after standard first line chemotherapy in diffuse large cell lymphoma. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the prognostic significance of the ratio between absolute lymphocyte and monocyte counts (LMR) in the peripheral blood to verify relapse in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Patients and methods: A total of 139 patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were evaluated and treated with CHOP or R-CHOP between the years 2009 and 2016. Three months following completion of first line therapy, Lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) was calculated from the routine automated complete blood cell count (CBC) attained a plateau after the bone marrow recovery after first line chemotherapy. The absolute lymphocyte count/absolute monocyte count ratio (LMR) was calculated by dividing the ALC by the AMC. Results: ROC curve analysis of 139 patients established 2.8 as cutoff point of LMR for relapse with AUC of 0.97 (95% CI 0.93 - 0.99, P ≤ 0.001). Cox regression analysis was performed to identify factors predicting relapse. In univariate regression analysis, ALC (95% CI 0.003 - 0.03, p ≤ 0.001), AMC (95% CI 15.4 - 128.8, p ≤ 0.001), LMR (95% CI 0.001 - 0.01, p ≤ 0.001), and LDH (95% CI 0.1 - 0.5, p ≤ 0.001) following completion of therapy are significant factors for relapse. Other significant factors for relapse are Ann Arbor stage (95% CI 1.1 - 6.9, P = 0.03), extranodal sites (95% CI 1.2 - 6.1, P = 0.01), age (95% CI 1.3 - 6.5, P = 0.01) and treatment of CHOP protocol (95% CI 0.05 - 0.6, P = 0.007). In a multivariate analysis LMR following completion of therapy was predictive for relapse (95% CI 0.001 - 0.2, P = 0.005). ALC was also significant in multivariate analysis (95% CI 0.01 - 0.8, P = 0.03). LDH following completion of therapy (95% CI 0.2 - 14.9, P = 0.5), AMC following completion of therapy (95% CI 0.3 - 43.1, P = 0.3), age (95% CI 0.9 - 205.4, P = 0.06), extra-nodal sites (95% CI 0.04 - 9.8, P = 0.8), Ann Arbor stage (95% CI 0.3 - 28.7, P = 0.3), and Treatment of CHOP protocol (95% CI 0.01 - 2.4, P = 0.2) were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study observed that LMR assessed after first line chemotherapy during routine follow up is an independent predictor of relapse and clinical outcome in DLBCL patients. LMR at follow up can be used a simple inexpensive biomarker to alert clinicians for relapse during follow up after standard first line chemotherapy in DLBCL patients.

The correlation between the monocyte-to-lymphocyte count ratio and the onset,progression and prognosis of common cardiovascular diseases

Background With the continuous exploration of cardiovascular diseases,research has found that inflammatory reactions play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.In recent years,the ratio of monocyte to lymphocyte counts(MLR)has attracted widespread attention as a novel inflammatory marker.Therefore,this article will focus on the value of MLR in terms of prevalence risk,severity and prognosis in common cardiovascular diseases.[S Chin J Cardiol 2024;25(3):200-206]

Candida esophagitis:Risk factors in non-HIV population in Pakistan

AIM:Candida esophagitis is a frequent infection in immunocompromised patients. This study was designed to determine its characteristics in non- human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infected patients attending a teaching hospital.METHODS: Clinical records of all patients coded by international classification of diseases 9th revision with clinical modifications'(ICD-9-CM), with candida esophagitis diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and histopathology over a period of 5 years were studied.RESULTS: Fifty-one patients (27 males, 24 females, range 21-77 years old and mean age 52.9 years) fulfilled the criteria (0.34% of the EGD). The common predisposing factors were carcinoma (OR 3.87, CI 1.00-14.99) and diabetes mellitus (OR 4.39, CI 1.34-14.42). The frequent clinical symptoms were retrosternal discomfort, dysphagia and epigastric abdominal pain with endoscopic appearance of scattered mucosal plaques. Another endoscopic lesion was associated with candida esophagitis in 15% patients.CONCLUSION: Carcinomas, diabetes mellitus, corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy are major risk factors for candida esophagitis in Pakistan. It is an easily managed complication that responds to treatment with nystatin.

Comparison of demographic features and laboratory parameters between COVID-19 deceased patients and surviving severe and critically ill cases

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has been far more devastating than expected, showing no signs of slowing down at present. Heilongjiang Province is the most northeastern province of China, and has cold weather for nearly half a year and an annual temperature difference of more than 60℃, which increases the underlying morbidity associated with pulmonary diseases, and thus leads to lung dysfunction. The demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province, China with such climatic characteristics are still not clearly illustrated.AIM To illustrate the demographic features and laboratory parameters of COVID-19 deceased patients in Heilongjiang Province by comparing with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases.METHODS COVID-19 deceased patients from different hospitals in Heilongjiang Province were included in this retrospective study and compared their characteristics with those of surviving severe and critically ill cases in the COVID-19 treatment center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. The surviving patients were divided into severe group and critically ill group according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia(the seventh edition).Demographic data were collected and recorded upon admission. Laboratory parameters were obtained from the medical records, and then compared among the groups.RESULTS Twelve COVID-19 deceased patients, 27 severe cases and 26 critically ill cases were enrolled in this retrospective study. No differences in age, gender, and number of comorbidities between groups were found. Neutrophil percentage(NEUT%), platelet(PLT), C-reactive protein(CRP), creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB), serum troponin I(TNI) and brain natriuretic peptides(BNP) showed significant differences among the groups(P = 0.020, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P <0.001, respectively). The increase of CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels, as well as the decrease of lymphocyte count(LYMPH) and PLT counts, showed significant correlation with death of COVID-19 patients(P = 0.023, P = 0.008, P = 0.045, P = 0.020, P = 0.015, respectively).CONCLUSION Compared with surviving severe and critically ill cases, no special demographic features of COVID-19 deceased patients were observed, while some laboratory parameters including NEUT%, PLT, CRP, CK-MB, TNI and BNP showed significant differences. COVID-19 deceased patients had higher CRP, D-dimer and NEUT% levels and lower LYMPH and PLT counts.

Tumor-infiltrating platelets predict postoperative recurrence and survival in resectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

BACKGROUND Platelets have been reported to participate in tumor cell growth,extravasation,epithelial–mesenchymal transition,metastasis,and drug resistance.However,the importance of platelets in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor(pNET)lacks adequate literature support.The predictive value of tumor-infiltrating platelets(TIPs)in pNET remains unclear.AIM To investigate the relationship between TIPs and the prognosis of patients with pNET following radical resection.METHODS In total,113 patients who had undergone radical surgical resection with a pathologic diagnosis of pNET were enrolled in this study.Immunohistochemical analysis of cluster of differentiation 42b(CD42b)expression in the tumor specimens was performed to determine the presence of TIPs.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the prognostic value of TIPs.RESULTS TIPs were observed in intratumoral areas in 54 patients.Neither basic characteristics nor preoperative platelet-associated indicators showed a significant relationship with the presence of TIPs(all P>0.05).Patients with positive intratumoral CD42b expression had worse overall survival(P=0.005)and recurrence-free survival(P<0.001)than those with negative intratumoral CD42b expression.Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TIPs were independent prognostic factors for overall survival(P=0.049)and recurrencefree survival(P=0.003).Nevertheless,platelet count,mean platelet volume,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were not associated with postoperative survival or recurrence in pNET patients(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION TIPs are a useful prognostic biomarker for patients with resectable pNET,and their detection represents a promising tool for pNET treatment strategy decisions.

LMR联合hs-CRP对急性胰腺炎患者并发急性肾损伤的诊断价值

目的探讨淋巴细胞计数与单核细胞计数比值(LMR)联合超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)对急性胰腺炎(AP)患者并发急性肾损伤(AKI)的诊断价值。方法选取2019年10月至2023年11月该院收治的226例AP患者作为研究对象,根据住院期间是否并发AKI分为AKI组(62例)和非AKI组(164例)。采用血液分析仪检测淋巴细胞计数和单核细胞计数,计算LMR;采用特定蛋白免疫分析仪检测hs-CRP水平。收集所有研究对象入院时肝功能、血脂等生化指标。采用Pearson相关分析AP患者LMR与hs-CRP水平的相关性。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析LMR联合hs-CRP对AP患者并发AKI的诊断价值。采用多因素Logistic回归分析AP患者并发AKI的影响因素。结果AKI组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血肌酐、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶水平均高于非AKI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AKI组LMR低于非AKI组,hs-CRP水平高于非AKI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,AP患者LMR与hs-CRP水平呈负相关(r=-0.645,P<0.001)。LMR联合hs-CRP检测对诊断AP患者并发AKI的曲线下面积(AUC)高于LMR、hs-CRP单独检测的AUC(Z=2.531,P=0.011;Z=3.244,P=0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血肌酐、LMR、hs-CRP是AP患者并发AKI的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论AP并发AKI患者LMR水平明显降低,hs-CRP水平明显升高,二者联合检测对AP患者并发AKI有一定诊断价值。

细菌性肺炎患者血清LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA变化及其与肺损伤程度的关系

目的探讨细菌性肺炎患者血清白三烯B4(LTB4)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞计数比值(NLCR)及C-反应蛋白与前白蛋白(CRP/PA)比值变化及其与肺损伤程度的关系。方法回顾性选取172例细菌性肺炎患者(观察组)和同期140例健康体检者(对照组)的临床资料,根据肺损伤程度,将患者分为轻中度组和重度组。比较各组LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA水平,分析LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA联合评估患者肺损伤程度的价值。结果与对照组比较,观察组LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA水平更高(P<0.05);与轻中度组比较,重度组LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA水平更高(P<0.05);ROC结果显示,LTB4、NLCR和CRP/PA评估患者肺损伤程度的AUC为0.793、0.717、0.758,三者联合评估患者肺损伤程度的AUC为0.933,高于单项评估(P<0.05)。结论LTB4、NLCR及CRP/PA在细菌性肺炎患者中表达水平均会升高,且其均与肺损伤程度有关,其联合评估肺损伤程度的价值较高。

急性冠状动脉综合征患者入院早期白细胞计数与平均血小板体积比值和血小板与淋巴细胞比值与冠状动脉狭窄程度及院内主要不良心血管事件的评估价值

目的 分析急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者的白细胞计数与平均血小板体积比值(WMR)和血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性,并探究WMR、PLR对冠状动脉狭窄程度及院内主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法 本研究为回顾性分析,收集了2020年12月至2022年11月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院急诊抢救室因胸痛、胸闷首次诊断为ACS并接受经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的391例患者数据。根据临床分型,将患者分为不稳定型心绞痛(UA)组147例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)组114例,及ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)组130例。进一步按照是否出现院内MACE分为MACE组106例和无MACE组285例。依据Gensini评分中位数将患者分为重度病变组(Gensini评分≥53分)196例和轻度病变组(Gensini评分<53分)195例。比较各组患者的基本资料及实验室检查指标,使用二元多因素logistic回归模型筛选冠状动脉狭窄程度及院内MACE的影响因素,分析WMR、PLR与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性,并通过ROC曲线分析WMR、PLR及其联合对冠状动脉狭窄程度及院内MACE的预测诊断价值。结果 WMR和PLR与ACS患者冠状动脉狭窄程度均呈正相关(r=0.336,P<0.001;r=0.374,P<0.001)。二元多因素logistic回归分析表明,WMR和PLR均为冠状动脉狭窄程度和院内MACE的独立危险因素。ROC曲线结果显示,WMR、PLR及两者联合预测院内MACE的AUC分别为0.748、0.722和0.792;预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的AUC分别为0.694、0.716和0.770。结论 ACS患者入院早期WMR和PLR与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,并且具有预测院内MACE及冠状动脉狭窄程度的临床价值,其联合使用在诊断效果上更为优越。

外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群在类风湿关节炎病情评估中的价值

目的探讨外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群在类风湿关节炎(RA)及合并间质性肺病(ILD)病情评估中的价值。方法回顾性分析2020年6—12月50例住院RA患者的一般资料、外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群检测结果。按28个关节疾病活动度评分(DAS 28)分为高疾病活动度组(DAS 28>5.1分)及中低疾病活动度组(DAS 28≤5.1分)。另根据是否合并ILD,分为未合并ILD(RA-non-ILD)与合并ILD(RA-ILD)组。对比不同分组外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群的差异,并使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群对RA的诊断评估价值。结果与中低疾病活动度组相比,RA高疾病活动度组的血小板-淋巴细胞比值(PLR)较高,淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值、总T淋巴细胞比率、总T淋巴细胞绝对计数、CD8^(+)T细胞及CD4^(+)T细胞绝对计数低于中低疾病活动度组(P<0.05)。PLR评估RA病情活动度的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.722,95%CI为0.579~0.865。RA-non-ILD组与RA-ILD组外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各指标ROC曲线的AUC也均低于0.7。结论PLR对于RA疾病活动度的区分可能具有一定价值,其他各指标无论对于区分RA疾病活动度还是区分是否合并ILD都没有表现出明显潜力。

孕晚期血清Hcy、NLR及C肽与妊娠糖尿病患者产后血糖转归的关系

目的 探讨孕晚期血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞计数的比值(NLR)及C肽与妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者产后血糖转归的关系。方法 选取2020年5月至2022年5月期间于北京丰台医院产科规律产检并住院分娩的,且产前确诊为孕晚期(孕周≥28周)GDM患者共计109例作为研究对象,产后6周根据患者机体血糖代谢功能是否恢复正常,分为异常组(n=35)与正常组(n=74)。收集并比较两组临床资料及实验室指标,以多因素Logistic分析孕晚期血清Hcy、NLR及C肽与GDM患者产后血糖转归的相关性,绘制受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)评估孕晚期血清Hcy、NLR以及C肽联合检测对GDM患者产后血糖转归的预测价值。结果 单因素分析结果显示,两组的孕晚期BMI、TG、血清Hcy、NLR以及C肽水平比较,差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)/t=19.141、2.545、6.673、3.822、5.862,P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,孕晚期BMI≥28 kg/m2、孕晚期血清Hcy、NLR以及C肽水平升高均为影响GDM患者产后血糖转归的独立危险因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示,血清Hcy、NLR、C肽以及三者联合检测曲线下面积为0.829、0.709、0.828以及0.886。结论 孕晚期血清Hcy、NLR以及C肽均与GDM患者产后血糖转归情况密切相关,且三者联合检测对GDM患者产后血糖转归具备较高预测价值。

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率、血小板计数联合D-二聚体对重症肺炎合并脓毒症患儿预后的预测价值

目的探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、血小板(platelet,PLT)计数联合D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)对重症肺炎合并脓毒症患儿预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院急诊重症监护病房(emergency intensive care unit,EICU)2018年1月~2023年1月收治的310例重症肺炎合并脓毒症患儿的临床资料,对所有患儿治疗出院后进行门诊复查或电话随访并根据相关标准对患儿预后进行评估,根据预后情况分为预后良好组(n=198)和预后不良组(n=112)。利用医院电子病历系统,收集全部患儿年龄、性别等基本临床资料,记录入院时患儿早期预警评分[慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)、序贯器官衰竭评分(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)],并收集诊断患儿入院24 h内的实验室指标。采用Logistic回归分析肺炎合并脓毒症患儿发生预后不良的相关影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析NLR、PLT计数、D-D预测重症肺炎合并脓毒症患儿预后的灵敏度、特异度、准确度。结果两组患儿年龄、性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。预后不良组APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分显著高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。预后良好组NLR、D-D水平均低于预后不良组,PLT计数水平高于预后不良组(P<0.05)。将单因素分析的结果中P≤0.05的变量纳入多因素Logistic回归确定影响预后的独立危险因素。调整年龄、性别、APACHEⅡ评分等混杂因素,连续变量原值收入,结果表明,NLR、D-D水平是预后的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05),PLT计数水平是预后的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,三项指标联合预测的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.949,灵敏度为94.95%,特异度为82.14%,准确度为90.32%,三者联合预测效能价值高。结论重症肺炎合并脓毒症患儿的外周血NLR、PLT计数、D-D水平显著升高,三项联合检测在预测患儿28 d后的预后中具有重要的价值。

外周血中性粒细胞计数与淋巴细胞和血小板比值对老年脓毒症患者28天死亡的预测价值

目的 探讨外周血中性粒细胞计数与淋巴细胞和血小板比值(N/LPR)对老年脓毒症患者28 d死亡的预测价值。方法 根据入院28 d是否死亡将161例脓毒症患者分为生存组(108例)和死亡组(53例),收集其一般临床资料、入院24 h内的外周血中性粒细胞(NEU)、淋巴细胞(LYM)、PLT计数及N/LPR、NLR并分组进行比较。相关因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各指标对老年脓毒症患者预后的预测价值。结果 生存组外周血LYM、PLT计数均显著高于死亡组,而女性患者比例、急性生理学和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分、NEU、NLR、N/LPR均显著低于死亡组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,N/LPR、NLR降低是老年脓毒症患者28 d内死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,当N/LPR最佳截断值为18.5时,对应敏感度及特异度分别高于当NLR最佳截断值为21.73时对应的敏感度和特异度,且N/LRP的预测价值优于NLR。结论 N/LPR是老年脓毒症患者28 d死亡的独立危险因素,其预测价值优于NLR。

AMI患者PLT、PDW、PLR水平及其与疾病严重程度的相关性研究

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血小板计数(PLT)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)水平及其与疾病严重程度的相关性。方法选取2017年1月至2020年12月苏州市相城区中医医院收治的200例AMI患者作为观察组,另选取同期150例常规体检健康者作为对照组。根据AMI患者随访结果又分为预后不良组和预后良好组。比较观察组和对照组,以及预后良好组和预后不良组PLT、PDW、PLR水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析AMI患者预后的危险因素。采用Spearman相关分析Killip心功能分级与PLT、PDW、PLR水平的相关性;采用Pearson相关分析PLT、PDW、PLR水平的相关性。结果观察组PLT[(166.32±28.44)×10^(9)/L]高于对照组[(158.77±30.52)×10^(9)/L],PDW[(16.59±4.95)%]高于对照组[(15.54±3.01)%],PLR(162.40±78.85)高于对照组(114.74±12.34),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。预后不良组和预后良好组性别、年龄、体质量指数、吸烟史、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);预后不良组和预后良好组Killip心功能分级,PLT、PDW、PLR水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,PLT、PDW、PLR水平升高是AMI患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示,Killip心功能分级与PLT、PDW、PLR水平均呈正相关(r=0.702、0.664、0.302,P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示,PLT水平与PDW、PLR水平均呈正相关(r=0.361、0.507,P<0.05),PDW水平与PLR水平呈正相关(r=0.596,P<0.05)。结论AMI患者PLT、PDW、PLR水平均升高,并且与AMI患者的Killip心功能分级均呈正相关,PLT、PDW、PLR可作为预测AMI患者预后的良好指标,对预防和治疗AMI有重要临床意义。

CTC联合NLR预测可切除老年原发性胃癌患者术后辅助化疗疗效和预后的临床研究

目的探讨循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)联合中性粒细胞计数和淋巴细胞计数比(NLR)在可切除老年原发性胃癌患者术后辅助化疗疗效和预后中的预测效果。方法选择江苏省肿瘤医院2017年12月至2020年12月可切除老年原发性胃癌患者93例为观察组;选择同期健康体检志愿者51例血清标本为对照组。观察组患者均连续完成6个月化疗,根据化疗疗效分为化疗不敏感组及化疗敏感组,比较两组CTC和NLR水平并分析其在辅助化疗疗效中的诊断效能;Kaplan-meier法绘制不同CTC和NLR表达患者的总生存时间(OS)和无进展生存时间(PFS)曲线,生存差异行Log-rank检验。结果观察组NLR高于对照组[2.90(2.15,4.20)vs.1.89(1.50,2.42),Z=-6.382,P<0.05];93例患者辅助化疗后不敏感组32例,化疗敏感组61例;化疗不敏感组患者NLR及CTC水平高于化疗敏感组(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析,NLR诊断化疗疗效的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.714(95%CI:0.612~0.815),当截断值为2.24时,灵敏度高达100%,特异度为41.0%;当NLR联合CTC时,AUC=0.806(95%CI:0.709~0.903),灵敏度78.14%,特异度为75.43%。仅NLR与患者年龄有关(P<0.05)。CTC高表达患者中位OS和中位PFS为22.0个月和15.0个月,均低于CTC低表达患者的27.0个月和20.0个月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NLR高表达患者中位OS和中位PFS为22.0个月和14.0个月,均低于NLR低表达患者的30.0个月和19.0个月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论NLR联合CTC可预测患者辅助化疗疗效及预后,作为判断患者治疗效果及预后的潜在指标。

脑出血患者循环血中HBP、ALT、AST、WBC、NEU、PLT表达与感染及预后的相关性

目的:讨论脑出血患者循环血中肝素结合蛋白(heparin-binding protein,HBP)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)、中性粒细胞比率(neutrophil,NEU)、血小板(platelet,PLT)表达水平,分析其与患者感染及预后的关系。方法:选取脑出血患者164例,入院和出院时分别检测循环血中HBP、ALT、AST、WBC、NEU和PLT水平,分组分析以上指标与感染和预后的相关性。结果:感染组HBP、WBC、NEU、PLT最高值水平均高于非感染组。感染组患者预后比较ALT和WBC最高值、非感染组患者预后比较NEU最高值,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AST最高值是否异常在不同预后情况中比例相反。ROC曲线分析显示,HBP、ALT、AST、WBC最高值联合检测对脑出血患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.781,敏感度和特异度分别为85.7%和62.7%。结论:脑出血患者循环血中HBP、WBC、NEU及PLT在检测中最高值异常高表达提示感染风险,当HBP、ALT、AST、WBC水平联合检测对脑出血患者预后不良具有较好的预测效能。

LMR与老年原发性高血压患者焦虑的关系研究

目的 探究淋巴细胞计数与单核细胞计数比值(LMR)与老年原发性高血压(EH)患者焦虑之间的关系。方法 收集2020年7月至2021年12月在该院心血管内科住院治疗的年龄≥60岁197例EH患者入院时的基本资料、实验室检查指标。以汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分≥14分为临界值,将患者分为焦虑组与无焦虑组,比较两组患者基本资料与入院时LMR等指标差异。采用二元Logistic回归分析老年EH患者发生焦虑的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析LMR对老年EH患者发生焦虑的预测价值。结果 两组患者在饮酒史、吸烟史、LMR方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,LMR(OR=1.742,95%CI:1.414~2.146,P<0.01)是原发性老年高血压患者发生焦虑的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,LMR预测老年EH患者发生焦虑的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.803(95%CI:0.740~0.866,P<0.001),最佳截断值为4.52,此时的灵敏度和特异度分别是0.71、0.84。结论 LMR水平升高是老年EH患者发生焦虑的独立危险因素,LMR对于老年EH患者发生焦虑具有较好的预测价值。

血清炎性标志物与一线免疫抑制剂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者预后的关系

目的探讨基线水平中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板计数-淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、单核细胞-淋巴细胞比值(MLR)、泛免疫炎症值(PIV)在应用PD-1抑制剂联合化疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌(Non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的预测价值,并建立预后相关的列线图模型。方法回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年1月于哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院一线应用PD-1抑制剂联合化疗的77例驱动基因阴性的晚期NSCLC患者的临床资料。采用单因素及多因素Cox回归分析确定无进展生存期(Progression-free survival,PFS)的独立预后因素;建立预后相关的列线图模型,并通过一致性指数等评估模型预测的准确性。结果多因素Cox回归分析表明,MLR、PIV、脑转移、胸膜转移是驱动基因阴性的晚期NSCLC患者PFS的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。根据Cox回归结果构建的列线图预后模型预测能力较好(C-index值为0.786,95%CI:0.721~0.851)。ROC曲线表明MLR与PIV联合检测无进展生存期预后的效果(AUC=0.717,P=0.001)优于MLR(AUC=0.643)、PIV(AUC=0.640)。结论MLR、PIV、脑转移、胸膜转移可预测一线应用化疗联合PD-1抑制剂治疗的驱动基因阴性的晚期NSCLC患者的预后,建立的列线图模型具有较高的准确度和临床实用性。MLR与PIV联合检测的预测效能可能优于MLR、PIV单独检测。