Laparoscopic right radical hemicolectomy: Central vascular ligation and complete mesocolon excision vs D3 lymphadenectomy - How I do it?

In colon cancer surgery,ensuring the complete removal of the primary tumor and draining lymph nodes is crucial.Lymphatic drainage in the colon follows the vascular supply,typically progressing from pericolic to paraaortic lymph nodes.While NCCN guidelines recommend the removal of 10-12 lymph nodes for ade-quate oncological resection,achieving complete oncological resection involves more than just meeting these numerical targets.Various techniques have been developed and studied over time to attain optimal oncological outcomes.A key technique central to this goal is identifying the ileocolic vessels at their origin from the superior mesenteric vessels.Complete excision of the visceral and parietal mesocolon ensures the intact removal of the specimen,while D3 lymphade-nectomy targets all draining regional lymph nodes.Although these principles emphasize different aspects,they ultimately converge to achieve the same goal of complete oncological resection.This article aims to simplify the surgical steps that align with the principle of central vascular ligation and mesocolon mobilization while ensuring adequate D3 dissection.

An Evidence-Based CoCoSo Framework with Double Hierarchy Linguistic Data for Viable Selection of Hydrogen Storage Methods

Hydrogen is the new age alternative energy source to combat energy demand and climate change.Storage of hydrogen is vital for a nation’s growth.Works of literature provide different methods for storing the produced hydrogen,and the rational selection of a viable method is crucial for promoting sustainability and green practices.Typically,hydrogen storage is associated with diverse sustainable and circular economy(SCE)criteria.As a result,the authors consider the situation a multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)problem.Studies infer that previous models for hydrogen storage method(HSM)selection(i)do not consider preferences in the natural language form;(ii)weights of experts are not methodically determined;(iii)hesitation of experts during criteria weight assessment is not effectively explored;and(iv)three-stage solution of a suitable selection of HSM is unexplored.Driven by these gaps,in this paper,authors put forward a new integrated framework,which considers double hierarchy linguistic information for rating,criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation(CRITIC)for expert weight calculation,evidence-based Bayesian method for criteria weight estimation,and combined compromise solution(CoCoSo)for ranking HSMs.The applicability of the developed framework is testified by using a case example of HSM selection in India.Sensitivity and comparative analysis reveal the merits and limitations of the developed framework.

The Historical Position and Value Dimensions of Human Rights Civilization

Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress,and the human rights civilization is an important component of human civilization.Understanding and interpreting human rights from the perspective of human rights civilization means that human rights are not only a concept or an idea but also a grand historical and long-term social practice.Up to now,the development of human rights civilization has roughly experienced four awakening eras:initialization,revolution,popularization,and globalization.In terms of its value dimensions,it has the characteristics of progressiveness,diversity,commonality,inclusiveness,indivisibility,openness,and so on.The historical position of human rights civilization and the development of its value dimensions have shown to the world that human rights are the common wealth of humanity,and human rights belong to all mankind;human rights are historical,concrete,and developmental;the concept of human rights is constantly evolving,and its connotations and categories are constantly expanding;achieving the free and well-rounded development of every person is the highest value realm of human rights civilization.The Chinese modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength and opens up new horizons for human rights civilization.The new pattern of human rights civilization to be created by Chinese modernization not only possesses the common characteristics of human rights civilization but also enjoys Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions,enriching and developing the diversity of human rights civilization for all mankind.

Access to Financial Services——An Analysis from the Human Rights Perspective

There is a broad connection between finance and human rights,with finance having both positive and negative impacts on human rights.Everyone has a need for access to financial services.Documents in both the international human rights and international finance fields address the relationship between financial services and human rights.Among financial services,microcredit and inclusive finance have the closest connection to human rights and potentially the greatest impact on human rights.Access to financial services promotes economic,social,and cultural rights as well as the rights of specific groups.The conditions for access to financial services to promote human rights require the state to assume obligations to recognize,respect,protect,and fulfill the need for individuals to access financial services,and to ensure the availability,accessibility,acceptability,and adaptability of basic financial services.Access to financial services has played a significant role in China’s comprehensive victory in the battle of poverty alleviation,providing valuable experience for the international community in poverty eradication,achieving sustainable development goals,and protecting and promoting human rights.

The Historic Achievements of the Communist Party of China in Respecting and Protecting Human Rights in the New Era

In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.

Right ventricle dysfunction does not predict mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

BACKGROUND The prognostic role of right ventricle dilatation and dysfunction(RVDD)has not been elucidated in patients with coronavirus disease(COVID)-related respiratory failure refractory to standard treatment needing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)support.AIM To assess whether pre veno-venous(VV)ECMO RVDD were related to inintensive care unit(ICU)mortality.METHODS We enrolled 61 patients with COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional treatment submitted to VV ECMO and consecutively admitted to our ICU(an ECMO referral center)from 31th March 2020 to 31th August 2021.An echocardiographic exam was performed immediately before VV ECMO implantation.RESULTS Males were prevalent(73.8%)and patients with a body mass index>30 kg/m^(2) were the majority(46/61,75%).The overall in-ICU mortality rate was 54.1%(33/61).RVDD was detectable in more than half of the population(34/61,55.7%)and associated with higher simplified organ functional assessment(SOFA)values(P=0.029)and a longer mechanical ventilation duration prior to ECMO support(P=0.046).Renal replacement therapy was more frequently needed in RVDD patients(P=0.002).A higher in-ICU mortality(P=0.024)was observed in RVDD patients.No echo variables were independent predictors of in-ICU death.CONCLUSION In patients with COVID-related respiratory failure on ECMO support,RVDD(dilatation and dysfunction)is a common finding and identifies a subset of patients characterized by a more severe disease(as indicated by higher SOFA values and need of renal replacement therapy)and by a higher in-ICU mortality.RVDD(also when considered separately)did not result independently associated with in-ICU mortality in these patients.

基于犹豫模糊集的TOPSIS多属性决策方法及其应用

针对不确定语言环境下的决策问题,考虑决策者偏好不同,提出基于犹豫模糊集的TOPSIS多属性决策方法。首先采用犹豫模糊语言集群决策者的评价信息,更准确地表达决策者在决策过程中的犹豫性。其次基于犹豫模糊相关理论,提出改进的犹豫模糊熵权法确定属性客观权重,运用改进结构熵权法确定属性主观权重。然后利用级差最大化组合优化客观权重后,确定属性最终权重,并利用逼近理想解(TOPSIS)综合评价方法对评价对象进行排序。最后通过某临地铁项目优选桩基方案,验证该方法的有效性和可行性。

基于多粒度犹豫模糊语言术语集的TOPSIS决策方法研究

为了解决在实际决策时,由于知识背景不同决策者采用不同粒度语言术语集来表达而导致决策结果不准确的问题,本文提出了一种基于多粒度犹豫模糊语言术语集的逼近理想解排序(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)决策方法。首先选用各术语集中的最大粒度作为标准粒度,通过转换算法将每个决策者的语言术语集转换到同一标准粒度下进行集结,得出相应的隶属度语言术语集;然后结合TOPSIS方法,计算每个备选方案与正、负理想点距离,以相对贴近度的大小排序实现最优方案的选择;最后,通过一个实例,验证该方法的可行性和优越性。本文所提方法可应用于最优方案的选择问题中,提升决策结果准确度。

Addressing Japan’s disposal of nuclear-contaminated water from the perspective of international human rights law

The discharge of nuclear-contaminated water containing radionuclides into the ocean by Japan will lead to its integration into the entire ecosystem through processes of circulation and biomagnification,eventually entering the human body via the food chain.This poses a substantial risk of irreversible damage to both the ecosystem and human health,a situation that will worsen with the ongoing discharge of such water.The respect and protection of human rights represent an international consensus,and safeguarding fundamental human rights is a substantial obligation that states must undertake in accordance with both international and domestic law.Since the Fukushima nuclear disaster,Japan has continuously violated its international legal obligations to protect human rights in several areas,including the resettlement of disaster victims,the reduction of nuclear radiation levels,and the handling of contaminated water.Such actions have compromised and will continue to compromise the basic human rights of not only its citizens but also those of people worldwide,including environmental rights,the right to life,development rights,and food rights.In the aftermath of the Fukushima meltdown,the public and workers involved in handling nuclear contaminants have been continually exposed to high radiation levels,endangering their rights to life,development,and health.Japan’s inadequate efforts in victim resettlement and environmental restoration have jeopardized the environmental and food rights of its citizens to live healthily and access food in an environment unaffected by nuclear radiation.The release of nuclear-contaminated water poses a risk of Japan’s nuclear pollution to the people of neighboring countries and the global population at large.The principle of human rights underpins the theory of a community with a shared future for humanity,and human rights are a crucial area of China’s active participation in United Nations affairs and global governance.By voicing concerns over Japan’s potential human rights violations globally,China demonstrates its role as a responsible major country.In response to Japan’s breach of legal obligations and human rights violations,China can adopt a reasoned and beneficial approach,including calling on the international community to hold Japan criminally accountable for crimes against humanity under the Rome Statute and advancing scholarly discussions on ecocide and crimes against the marine environment.Furthermore,China should persist in seeking advisory opinions from the International Court of Justice and strive for substantive accountability,utilizing the mechanisms of international human rights organizations to make its voice heard.

基于AHP-熵权-TOPSIS改进风险矩阵的连续刚构桥施工风险评价研究

针对传统风险矩阵法(LS法)的不足,提出将ALARP准则引入风险矩阵,并建立了关于连续刚构桥的桥梁施工风险评价指标体系,运用层次分析法从横向角度对准则层风险指标赋予权重,再使用熵权法从纵向角度对指标层风险指标的风险发生概率和风险损失分别赋予权重,最后结合TOPSIS法(逼近理想排序法)对给出的风险值进行精确排序,得出基于AHP-熵权-TOPSIS改进风险矩阵,解决了传统风险矩阵无法针对同一级别的风险因素继续细分排序的问题,便于项目管理人员合理分配人力、物力、财力等安全资源的投入。

Fate of Right Coronary Artery Occlusion after a Surgically Repaired Aorto- Ventricular Tunnel in a Neonate

The aorto-ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.We present a case of aorto-ventricular tunnel diagnosed via fetal echocardiography.Emergency surgery was performed on the 2nd day of life to close the tun-nel,located just in front of the right coronary ostium,due to the patient’s unstable health condition.The post-operative period revealed complete occlusion of the right coronary artery.Due to the patient’s stability,we opted not to reintervene on the right coronary artery.The patient fully recovered without the need for further coronary intervention.In cases of patients with an aorto-ventricular tunnel(AVT)and associated coronary lesions,it is crucial to exercise caution when intervening in the coronary arteries.

Risk factors for the prognosis of colon cancer

A study on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in T4N0M0 colon cancer patients after R0 resection revealed that ileostomy,T stage,right hemicolectomy,irregular follow-up,and CA199 level were independent risk factors affecting overall survival.T4-stage cancer invades the entire thickness of the intestinal tract,increasing the difficulty of treatment and the risk of recurrence,and requires a combination of chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and targeted therapy to control the spread of cancer cells.The prognosis of right hemicolectomy is significantly worse than that of left hemicolectomy,and right hemicolectomy is an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis.Advanced age,histopathological type,and lymph node metastasis are also risk factors for colon cancer.

Prospects for the transformation and development of carbon storage in abandoned mines of coal enterprises from the perspective ofcarbon neutrality

Under the carbon neutrality goal,coal enterprises must seek breakthroughs from abandoned mines,develop new resources in the new era,turn problems into countermeasures,and participate in the carbon emissions market,for contributing to the accomplishment of the national strategic goal of carbon neutrality.To this end,we investigated the relevant national policies and regulations to clarify the boundaries disclosed by the carbon information of enterprises,understood the development direction of carbon storage in abandoned mines,and clarified the transformation and development of carbon storage in aban-doned mines.We made a few suggestions:(1)China should learn from its past experience and other countries to develop the energy industry with Chinese characteristics and reform the economic system.(2)Coal enterprises must actively respond to the national carbon information disclosure policy,clarify their own responsibilities and carbon emission boundaries.(3)It is necessary to proactively obtain advanced knowledge and plan carbon storage pathways for abandoned mines.(4)Devel-opment problems of coal enterprises should be deduced using cases.The'dual carbon'goals should be achieved steadily step-by-step.(5)Three measures,i.e.improving the existing resource structure,coordinating the information of abandoned mines,and promoting the cultivation of scientific and technological talents.

Venopulmonary ECMO Improved Hypoxemia and Supported the Right Ventricle in a Patient with Decompensated Eisenmenger Syndrome

Mechanical circulatory and/or respiratory assistance with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become a standard of care for patients with circulatory (venoarterial) and/or respiratory (venovenous) failure refractory to standard therapies. Adult patients with congenital heart disease are an increasingly recognized and growing population and include various groups, such as undiagnosed cases in childhood and palliated and/or corrected cases, which require subsequent care because of residual lesions, cardiac arrest/insufficiency, and arrhythmias, among other conditions. In addition, these patients are prone to developing pathologies that are typical of adulthood with a generally increased risk of morbidity and mortality because of their low reserves and organic damage associated with the underlying heart disease, which makes them candidates for ECMO. These patients represent an additional challenge in this therapy because malformations and the presence of a shunt can generally affect the usual cannulation methods and hemodynamic and oximetry monitoring. Thus, the configuration decision must be made on a case-by-case basis. Here, we present a cannulation method, venopulmonary artery ECMO, which provides hemodynamic and respiratory support, and may be ideal for patients with shunts and/or right ventricular dysfunction. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this configuration in patients with congenital heart diseases.

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 9(CDK9)expression and autophagy in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues has not been widely studied.CDK9,a key regulator of transcription,may influence the occurrence and progression of CRC.The expression of auto-phagy-related genes BECN1 and drug resistance factor ABCG2 may also play a role in CRC.Under normal physiological conditions,autophagy can inhibit tumorigenesis,but once a tumor forms,autophagy may promote tumor growth.Therefore,understanding the relationship between autophagy and cancer,partic-ularly how autophagy promotes tumor growth after its formation,is a key motivation for this research.AIM To investigate the relationship between CDK9 expression and autophagy in CRC,assess differences in autophagy between left and right colon cancer,and analyze the associations of autophagy-related genes with clinical features and prognosis.METHODS We collected tumor tissues and paracarcinoma tissues from colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to observe the level of autophagy in tissues with high levels of CDK9 and low levels of CDK9.We also collected primary tissue from left and right colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to compare the autophagy levels and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 in the tumor and paracarcinoma tissues.RESULTS The incidence of autophagy and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 were different in left and right colon cancer,and autophagy might be involved in the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance.Further analysis of the rela-tionship between the expression of autophagy-related genes CDK9,ABCG2,and BECN1 and the clinical features and prognosis of colorectal cancer showed that the high expression of CDK9 indicated a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.CONCLUSION This study laid the foundation for further research on the combination of CDK9 inhibitors and autophagy inhibitors in the treatment of patients with CRC.

Understanding the Human Rights of Modern Individuals—Revisiting Habermas’s Dual Critique and the Reconstruction of Intersubjectivity

Human rights are not only pivotal in depicting the relationship between individuals and communities but also a focal point of political philosophical concerns oriented towards reality. The inseparability of human rights from individual self-identity reveals a contradiction between practicality and historicity in understanding individuals, as highlighted in the debate between liberalism and communitarianism. In order to reconcile this contradiction, Habermas,drawing from German classical philosophy, examines practicality and historicity separately: while Fichte intertwines objectivity in self-identity, revealing the practicality of individuals but neglecting their real elements, Hegel interprets self-identity under the concept of unity,examining individuals from a historical dimension but letting rational rules dominate reality. Ultimately, Habermas reconstructs the process of modern individual self-identity from the theory of communicative action by critiquing the shackles of subjective philosophy. He not only reconciles the divergence between practicality and historicity in self-identity, but also elucidates the intersubjective core inherent in human rights.

Evolutionary game-based optimization of green certificate-carbon emission right-electricity joint market for thermal-wind-photovoltaic power system

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy in the power market,the demands on government financial subsidies are gradually increasing.Thus,a joint green certificate-carbon emission right-electricity multi-market trading process is proposed to study the market-based strategy for renewable energy.Considering the commodity characteristics of green certificates and carbon emission rights,the dynamic cost models of green certificates and carbon rights are constructed based on the Rubinstein game and ladder pricing models.Furthermore,considering the irrational bidding behavior of energy suppliers in the actual electricity market,an evolutionary game based multi-market bidding optimization model is presented.Subsequently,it is solved using a composite differential evolutionary algorithm.Finally,the case study results reveal that the proposed model can increase profits and the consumption rate of renewable energy and reduce carbon emission.

Comparative Analysis and Legal Reflection on the Boundaries of Human Rights Due Diligence in the Supply Chain

As global supply chains become increasingly lengthy and complex, human rights due diligence in the supply chain is becoming a controversial focal point in the accountability of multinational corporations. In recent years, legislative practices in the field of human rights due diligence have shown a trend from voluntary soft law toward mandatory hard law, and from corporate due diligence for their own operations towards extended due diligence for the entire supply chain. However, there is a divergence in national practices regarding the extent to which human rights due diligence should extend along the supply chain and the manner in which it should be incorporated into domestic legal policies. International soft law interpretations surrounding the boundaries of human rights due diligence in the supply chain are decentralized, posing risks of interpretation diversification, boundary blurring, and procedural formalization, as well as risks of misinterpretation and misuse. Meanwhile, some countries and regions are vigorously promoting mandatory legislation on human rights due diligence in the supply chain, which has profound implications for the stability of global supply chains and the international economic and trade order. Against this backdrop, it is crucial to explore the reasonable boundaries of human rights due diligence in the supply chain. Instead of applying a one-size-fits-all approach,the rationality of legal factors and the complexity of practical factors should be considered, applying context-specific measures based on the varying degrees of linkage between companies and negative human rights impacts in the supply chain. China should be particularly wary of the “chilling effect” of mandatory legislation on human rights due diligence in the supply chain, attaching great importance to national supply chain security and international supply chain competitiveness.Additionally,China should actively promote the implementation of voluntary human rights due diligence under the United Nations framework, and accelerate the enhancement of China's discourse power in the international rule-making process in the fields of industry and commerce as well as human rights.

Revisiting the Spirit of the UDHR and Discussing Human Rights Development——Summary of Views from the Seminar Commemorating the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

On December 4,2023,the China Society for Human Rights Studies hosted a seminar in Beijing commemorating the 75^(th) Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Participants discussed topics such as the significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,China’s theories and practices in respecting and safeguarding human rights,the three global initiatives and global human rights governance,human rights protection in the digital age,and telling Chinese stories of human rights in the new era.The discussions led to a broad consensus and achieved positive results.

Prognostic Role of Preoperative Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) in Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR) for Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis Patients

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion has been proposed as a simple and reproducible parameter for quantitative assessment of the right ventricular ejection fraction. The prognostic importance of preoperative TAPSE in patients with mitral valve replacement for rheumatic mitral stenosis patients is still under focused. Therefore, the objective of the study was to predict the outcome after MVR in rheumatic mitral stenosis patients in relation to preoperative TAPSE. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute. A total of 72 patients of rheumatic mitral stenosis patients who underwent mitral valve replacement were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: Group A and B. Group A included 36 patients with TAPSE 0.05) except for the preoperative TAPSE. Mean TAPSE of Group A was 13.17 (±1.40) and Group B was 18.61 (±1.57), the difference was statistically significant (p 0.05). Among the postoperative complications, including postoperative atrial fibrillation was higher in Group A (30.56%) than Group B (11.11%), mean ventilation time was higher in Group A (27.78%) than Group B (5.56%), length of intensive care was higher in Group A (33.33%) than Group B (11.12%), and hospital stay was higher in Group A (25.0%) than Group B (5.56%), (p < 0.05). Higher preoperative TASPE could be used as a prognostic tool for MVR in rheumatic mitral stenosis patients in our settings.