Changes in Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Malondialdehyde(MDA) Content of Rice with Blast Resistance Induced by Ag-antibiotic 702

The paper was to explore the effect of rice blast resistance induced by Ag-antibiotic 702 on antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde（ MDA）content. At three-leaf and one-heart stage of Luliangyou 996,15 μg/mL Ag-antibiotic 702 was sprayed,while Validamycin and distilled water were sprayed as positive control and negative control,respectively. The antioxidant enzyme（ SOD,POD,PPO,CAT and PAL） activities and malondialdehyde（ MDA） content in rice leaves were determined every 24 h within 168 h post spraying. Compared with CK,the MDA content and activities of the five antioxidant enzymes increased in Agantibiotic 702 treatment,Validamycin treatment and M. grisea inoculation treatment. The MDA content and SOD,CAT and POD activities in Ag-antibiotic 702 treatment were significantly higher than those in M. grisea inoculation treatment in early stage,and the APX and LOX activities increased more remarkably and rapidly. The induction effect of Ag-antibiotic 702 could reach or exceed that of Validamycin treatment. Ag-antibiotic 702 enhanced the resistance to rice blast because MDA content and antioxidant enzymes activities were improved in rice leaves. Therefore,the increase of rice blast resistance induced by Ag-antibiotic 702 in rice was positively correlated with the increase of MDA content and antioxidant enzymes activities in rice leaves.

Changes in Protein Content and Chitinase and β-1,3- glucanase Activities of Rice with Blast Resistance Induced by Ag-antibiotic 702

[Objective] The paper was to explore the effect of rice blast resistance induced by Ag-antibiotics 702 on protein content and chitlnase and β-1,3-glucanase activities in rice. [ Method] At the fourth leaf stage of Luliangyou 996, 15 μg/mL Ag-antibiotic 702 was sprayed, while Validamycin and distilled wa- ter were sprayed as positive control and negative control, respectively. All treatments were inoculated with spore fluid of Magnaporthe grisea at 48 h post spraying, and the rice inoculated with only distilled water was used as blank control. The enzymes activities （endochitinase, exochitinase and β-1,3-glucanase） and total pro- tein content in rice leaves were determined every 24 h within 168 h post spraying. [ Result] Compared with the blank control, the rice inoculated with spore fluid of M. grisea could significantly increase the total protein content and the activities of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase. The induction effect of Ag-antibiotics 702 exceeded that of Validamycin treatment. And the changes in activities of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase had obvious synchronicity. [ Conclusion] Ag-antibiotic 702 can significantly improve the total protein content and the activities of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase, thus enhancing the resistance to rice blast.

Blast Resistance of Rice Induced by Ag-antibiotic 702

To explore rice blast resistance induced by Ag-antibiotic 702, different concentrations of Ag-antibiotic 702 were spayed on susceptible variety Luliangyou 996 at three-leaf and one-heart stage, to screen the optimal concentration for inducing rice blast resistance. Ag-antibiotic 702 was sprayed at seven different growth stages of rice, to determine the best growth stage for induced blast resistance and duration of blast resistance. Various treatments were inoculated with spore fluid of Magnaporthe grisea at 4 d post spraying, and disease index and incidence rate as well as induction effect of different treatments were investigated after 7 d. The results showed that six concentrations of Ag-antibiotic 702 could induce rice resistance against blast, and 15 μg/mL led to the highest blast resistance; spraying 15 μg/mL Ag-antibiotic 702 at seven different growth stages could induce rice resistance against blast ; the three-leaf and one-heart stage was the best growth stage for inducing rice blast resistance, and the relative induction effect reached 56.56% ; rice blast resistance was the highest at 48 -96 h post spraying, and duration of induced rice blast resistance exceeded 144 h. The study will provide useful experimental data for further development of Ag-antibiotic 702 and application of pre- vention and control methods against rice blast.

新农抗702对水稻抗纹枯病诱导抗性的初步研究

为研究新农抗702对水稻的抗性诱导机制,用新农抗702处理水稻叶片,叶片表现较明显的抗纹枯病作用;用不同质量浓度新农抗702在不同时间下诱导稻苗,测定稻苗体内防御酶的变化,结果表明:质量浓度为1.5μg/mL,处理12 h时,过氧化物酶(POD),多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性分别达到:16.58 U/(g.min)、160 U/(g.s)、234.02 U/(g.min)、37.67 U/(g.min),酶活性较高,而新农抗702对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)无显著的影响。

抗真菌链霉菌中新农抗702浸提工艺的优选

为探索链霉菌(Streptomycete)702发酵液中菌丝体浸提条件,以链霉菌702发酵液中菌丝体及不同溶剂为实验材料,将菌丝体置于不同温度和不同pH下的有机溶剂中,对浸提时间及料液比进行优化。实验结果表明,90%以上的新农抗702存在于菌丝体中,可采用乙醇作为其浸提溶剂;当新农抗702在pH值6.5,料液比1∶2.0,温度30℃,时间12 h时其浸提效果最好;浸提完成时优化后的浸提液效价值较优化前高出约17%。

NTG-LiCl复合诱变选育链霉菌702菌株

为筛选出产新农抗702的高产链霉菌702突变株。分别以链霉菌702菌株为试验材料和以庆大霉素为敏感抗生素,NTG-LiCl复合诱变链霉菌702菌株,获得抗庆大霉素突变株。NTG处理90min对菌株的致死率可达71.56%,抗药性突变率高达19.46%,获得的抗药性突变株经过摇瓶初筛和复筛,获得高产突变株13-18-52菌株,产抗新农抗702的摇瓶发酵单位达到1946μg/mL,比出发菌株发酵单位1416μg/mL提高了37.43%。采用抗药性致死突变标志的NTG-LiCl复合诱变筛选模型可以获得产新农抗702的链霉菌702高产菌株。

含新农抗702的HP-10树脂解吸及再生工艺

为探索含新农抗702的HP-10大孔树脂的解吸及树脂再生的适宜条件,采用静态、动态方式对树脂进行洗脱;采用生物学法(管碟法)对树脂洗脱液中的残留物进行检测。结果表明,静态解吸时乙醇能够使含新农抗702的大孔HP-10树脂一次性解吸率达到90%;动态解吸时洗脱峰比较集中便于后续浓缩;通过比较再生前后树脂吸附的吸附性能发现,树脂基本再生完全,且再生方法简便,可使树脂重新获得吸附性能,故可反复使用,达到节约原料的目的。

新农抗702产生菌固体斜面培养基及培养条件优化

为了探索新农抗702产生菌链霉菌702产孢子的最佳工艺,确定培养基优化组分与最适培养条件,通过比较6种培养基斜面产孢子情况,选择最佳培养基。通过单因素试验正交试验优化培养条件,得到新抗702产生菌固体斜面产孢子最佳培养基为PDA培养基,蔗糖浓度3%。蛋白胨和氯化钠对其均有抑制作用。最佳培养条件组合为培养温度29℃、初始pH值8、培养时间5d。在此条件下,每支试管斜面产孢子量达到4.42×108个,提高了64.9%。