Since 1960,so far,has half a century,long-term oral vitamin K antagonists(VKA)for anticoagulation main plan,but the shortcomings of the VKA but not allow to ignore:(1)the VKA effect to be slow,VKA after diagnosis shou...Since 1960,so far,has half a century,long-term oral vitamin K antagonists(VKA)for anticoagulation main plan,but the shortcomings of the VKA but not allow to ignore:(1)the VKA effect to be slow,VKA after diagnosis should be immediate treatment,this plan have to展开更多
目的系统评价新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)用于非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳封堵(LAAO)术后抗栓的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方数据,收集NOACs(试验组)对比华法林或双联抗血小板...目的系统评价新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)用于非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳封堵(LAAO)术后抗栓的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方数据,收集NOACs(试验组)对比华法林或双联抗血小板药(对照组)的随机对照试验(RCT)和队列研究,检索时限为建库至2022年11月。筛选文献、提取数据、评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入10项研究,包括2项RCT、8项队列研究,共计2653例患者。RCT结果显示,两组患者的器械相关性血栓(DRT)发生率、卒中/全身性栓塞(SSE)发生率、大出血事件发生率、总出血事件发生率、全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。队列研究结果显示,与双联抗血小板药比较,试验组患者的DRT发生率、卒中/SSE发生率、大出血事件发生率、全因死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与华法林比较,试验组患者的DRT发生率[RR=0.40,95%CI(0.19,0.82),P=0.01]、总出血事件发生率[RR=0.28,95%CI(0.18,0.44),P<0.00001]均显著降低,而卒中/SSE发生率、大出血事件发生率、全因死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论NOACs用于非瓣膜性房颤患者LAAO术后的疗效和安全性与双联抗血小板药相当,DRT发生率和总出血事件发生率低于华法林。展开更多
目的比较新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)与华法林用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝的有效性和安全性,旨在为临床用药提供循证参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普网,收集NOACs(试验组)...目的比较新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)与华法林用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝的有效性和安全性,旨在为临床用药提供循证参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普网,收集NOACs(试验组)对比华法林(对照组)用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝的临床研究,检索时限均为建库起至2021年7月。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane系统评价员手册5.2.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入的随机对照研究(RCT)进行质量评价,采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)对纳入的队列研究进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析和敏感性分析。结果共纳入9项研究,包括7项RCT和2项队列研究,共计4962例患者。Meta分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,试验组患者的卒中/系统性栓塞(SSE)发生率[OR=0.71,95%CI(0.52,0.97),P=0.03]、大出血发生率[OR=0.40,95%CI(0.30,0.54),P<0.00001]、颅内出血发生率[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.04,0.95),P=0.04]均显著低于华法林组,两组患者的全因死亡率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=1.25,95%CI(0.88,1.79),P=0.22]。机械瓣膜置换/修复术后,两组患者的SSE发生率[OR=1.52,95%CI(0.04,60.29),P=0.82]、全因死亡率[OR=0.26,95%CI(0.04,1.84),P=0.18]比较差异均无统计学意义。按随访时间进行的亚组分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,当随访时间≤3个月时,试验组患者的SSE发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.06,0.74),P=0.03],而两组患者大出血发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.67,95%CI(0.19,2.38),P=0.53];当随访时间>3个月时,两组患者的SSE发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.74,95%CI(0.54,1.02),P=0.07],而试验组患者的大出血发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.39,95%CI(0.29,0.52),P<0.001]。按研究类型进行的亚组分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,RCT研究中试验组患者的SSE发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.51,95%CI(0.29,0.92),P=0.03],而两组患者大出血发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.58,95%CI(0.33,1.03),P=0.06]。队列研究中两组患者的SSE发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=1.03,95%CI(0.40,2.66),P=0.95],而试验组患者的大出血发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.06,0.74),P<0.001]。敏感性分析结果显示,所得结果较稳健。结论对于生物瓣膜置换/修复术后患者,NOACs的有效性和安全性均优于或与华法林相当;对于机械瓣膜置换/修复术后患者,NOACs与华法林的有效性和安全性均无显著差异。展开更多
Healthcare practitioners have many anticoagulant options for treating various disease states pertaining to blood clots and blood clot formation. Each anticoagulant has pros and cons and the decision of which pharmacol...Healthcare practitioners have many anticoagulant options for treating various disease states pertaining to blood clots and blood clot formation. Each anticoagulant has pros and cons and the decision of which pharmacological agent to use can be confusing and difficult. In years past, Vitamin K antagonists have been the standard of care when treating specific disease states such as atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism based on habit and cost of care. The emergence of newer anticoagulants should be considered the new standard of care based on the evidence presented over the last several years.展开更多
目的:系统评价骨科大手术后静脉血栓栓塞症(Venous thromboembolism,VTE)预防的国内外相关指南,总结指南中对新型口服抗凝药(Novel oral anticoagulants,NOAC)的推荐意见,为指南的修订和临床治疗提供参考依据。方法:检索国内外相关数据...目的:系统评价骨科大手术后静脉血栓栓塞症(Venous thromboembolism,VTE)预防的国内外相关指南,总结指南中对新型口服抗凝药(Novel oral anticoagulants,NOAC)的推荐意见,为指南的修订和临床治疗提供参考依据。方法:检索国内外相关数据库及专业网站,总结骨科大手术后VTE预防的相关指南,用AGREE II指南质量评价工具进行质量评价,并总结NOAC在指南中的推荐。结果:共检索筛选出国内外相关指南7个,经质量评价后,推荐使用的指南有4个,建议修订后使用的指南有1个,不推荐使用的指南有2个。结论:推荐参考的指南有英国国家卫生和临床技术优化研究所(National institute for health and care excellence,NICE)发表的3个指南和美国骨科医师学会(American academy of orthopaedic surgeons,AAOS)指南。用于骨科大手术后VTE预防的NOAC有达比加群酯、利伐沙班和阿哌沙班,其在有效性和安全性方面优于传统的抗凝药物。展开更多
Background： Antithrombotic therapy using new oral anticoagulants （NOACs） in patients with atrial fibril- lation （AF） has been generally shown to have a favorable risk-benefit profile. Since there has been dispute...Background： Antithrombotic therapy using new oral anticoagulants （NOACs） in patients with atrial fibril- lation （AF） has been generally shown to have a favorable risk-benefit profile. Since there has been dispute about the risks of gastrointestinal bleeding （GIB） and intracranial hemorrhage （ICH）, we sought to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis using Bayesian inference to analyze the risks of GIB and ICH in AF patients taking NOACs. Methods： We analyzed data from 20 randomized controlled trials of 91 671 AF patients receiving anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, or placebo. Bayesian network meta-analysis of two different evidence networks was performed using a binomial likelihood model, based on a network in which different agents （and doses） were treated as separate nodes. Odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs） were modeled using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods Results： Indirect comparisons with the Bayesian model confirmed that aspirin＋clopidogrel significantly increased the risk of GIB in AF patients compared to the placebo （OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01-0.92）. Warfarin was identified as greatly increasing the risk of ICH compared to edoxaban 30 mg （OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.22-7.24） and dabigatran 110 mg （OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.10-8.45）. We further ranked the NOACs for the lowest risk of GIB （apixaban 5 mg） and ICH （apixaban 5 mg, dabigatran 110 mg, and edoxaban 30 mg）. Conclusions： Bayesian network meta-analysis of treatment of nonvalvular AF patients with anticoagulants suggested that NOACs do not increase risks of GIB and/or ICH, compared to each other.展开更多
Understanding and managing the bleeding＇s causes is essential for a good surgical practice in general. In fact, it is crucial to know how to manage and control this problem （sometimes simply annoying, but that may b...Understanding and managing the bleeding＇s causes is essential for a good surgical practice in general. In fact, it is crucial to know how to manage and control this problem （sometimes simply annoying, but that may be able to cause even dangerous consequences） with a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, trying to use all the means is available today. The goal of this paper is to describe, even through a brief review of the literature--the State of Art about the bleeding control in oral surgery, the proper use of surgical devices and the NOACs （new oral anticoagulants） appearance.展开更多
文摘Since 1960,so far,has half a century,long-term oral vitamin K antagonists(VKA)for anticoagulation main plan,but the shortcomings of the VKA but not allow to ignore:(1)the VKA effect to be slow,VKA after diagnosis should be immediate treatment,this plan have to
文摘目的系统评价新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)用于非瓣膜性房颤患者左心耳封堵(LAAO)术后抗栓的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方数据,收集NOACs(试验组)对比华法林或双联抗血小板药(对照组)的随机对照试验(RCT)和队列研究,检索时限为建库至2022年11月。筛选文献、提取数据、评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入10项研究,包括2项RCT、8项队列研究,共计2653例患者。RCT结果显示,两组患者的器械相关性血栓(DRT)发生率、卒中/全身性栓塞(SSE)发生率、大出血事件发生率、总出血事件发生率、全因死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。队列研究结果显示,与双联抗血小板药比较,试验组患者的DRT发生率、卒中/SSE发生率、大出血事件发生率、全因死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与华法林比较,试验组患者的DRT发生率[RR=0.40,95%CI(0.19,0.82),P=0.01]、总出血事件发生率[RR=0.28,95%CI(0.18,0.44),P<0.00001]均显著降低,而卒中/SSE发生率、大出血事件发生率、全因死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论NOACs用于非瓣膜性房颤患者LAAO术后的疗效和安全性与双联抗血小板药相当,DRT发生率和总出血事件发生率低于华法林。
文摘目的比较新型口服抗凝药(NOACs)与华法林用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝的有效性和安全性,旨在为临床用药提供循证参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普网,收集NOACs(试验组)对比华法林(对照组)用于心脏瓣膜置换术后患者抗凝的临床研究,检索时限均为建库起至2021年7月。筛选文献、提取资料后,采用Cochrane系统评价员手册5.2.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入的随机对照研究(RCT)进行质量评价,采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)对纳入的队列研究进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析和敏感性分析。结果共纳入9项研究,包括7项RCT和2项队列研究,共计4962例患者。Meta分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,试验组患者的卒中/系统性栓塞(SSE)发生率[OR=0.71,95%CI(0.52,0.97),P=0.03]、大出血发生率[OR=0.40,95%CI(0.30,0.54),P<0.00001]、颅内出血发生率[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.04,0.95),P=0.04]均显著低于华法林组,两组患者的全因死亡率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=1.25,95%CI(0.88,1.79),P=0.22]。机械瓣膜置换/修复术后,两组患者的SSE发生率[OR=1.52,95%CI(0.04,60.29),P=0.82]、全因死亡率[OR=0.26,95%CI(0.04,1.84),P=0.18]比较差异均无统计学意义。按随访时间进行的亚组分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,当随访时间≤3个月时,试验组患者的SSE发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.06,0.74),P=0.03],而两组患者大出血发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.67,95%CI(0.19,2.38),P=0.53];当随访时间>3个月时,两组患者的SSE发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.74,95%CI(0.54,1.02),P=0.07],而试验组患者的大出血发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.39,95%CI(0.29,0.52),P<0.001]。按研究类型进行的亚组分析结果显示,生物瓣膜置换/修复术后,RCT研究中试验组患者的SSE发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.51,95%CI(0.29,0.92),P=0.03],而两组患者大出血发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=0.58,95%CI(0.33,1.03),P=0.06]。队列研究中两组患者的SSE发生率比较差异无统计学意义[OR=1.03,95%CI(0.40,2.66),P=0.95],而试验组患者的大出血发生率显著低于对照组[OR=0.20,95%CI(0.06,0.74),P<0.001]。敏感性分析结果显示,所得结果较稳健。结论对于生物瓣膜置换/修复术后患者,NOACs的有效性和安全性均优于或与华法林相当;对于机械瓣膜置换/修复术后患者,NOACs与华法林的有效性和安全性均无显著差异。
文摘Healthcare practitioners have many anticoagulant options for treating various disease states pertaining to blood clots and blood clot formation. Each anticoagulant has pros and cons and the decision of which pharmacological agent to use can be confusing and difficult. In years past, Vitamin K antagonists have been the standard of care when treating specific disease states such as atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism based on habit and cost of care. The emergence of newer anticoagulants should be considered the new standard of care based on the evidence presented over the last several years.
文摘目的:系统评价骨科大手术后静脉血栓栓塞症(Venous thromboembolism,VTE)预防的国内外相关指南,总结指南中对新型口服抗凝药(Novel oral anticoagulants,NOAC)的推荐意见,为指南的修订和临床治疗提供参考依据。方法:检索国内外相关数据库及专业网站,总结骨科大手术后VTE预防的相关指南,用AGREE II指南质量评价工具进行质量评价,并总结NOAC在指南中的推荐。结果:共检索筛选出国内外相关指南7个,经质量评价后,推荐使用的指南有4个,建议修订后使用的指南有1个,不推荐使用的指南有2个。结论:推荐参考的指南有英国国家卫生和临床技术优化研究所(National institute for health and care excellence,NICE)发表的3个指南和美国骨科医师学会(American academy of orthopaedic surgeons,AAOS)指南。用于骨科大手术后VTE预防的NOAC有达比加群酯、利伐沙班和阿哌沙班,其在有效性和安全性方面优于传统的抗凝药物。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30800999)
文摘Background： Antithrombotic therapy using new oral anticoagulants （NOACs） in patients with atrial fibril- lation （AF） has been generally shown to have a favorable risk-benefit profile. Since there has been dispute about the risks of gastrointestinal bleeding （GIB） and intracranial hemorrhage （ICH）, we sought to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis using Bayesian inference to analyze the risks of GIB and ICH in AF patients taking NOACs. Methods： We analyzed data from 20 randomized controlled trials of 91 671 AF patients receiving anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, or placebo. Bayesian network meta-analysis of two different evidence networks was performed using a binomial likelihood model, based on a network in which different agents （and doses） were treated as separate nodes. Odds ratios （ORs） and 95% confidence intervals （CIs） were modeled using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods Results： Indirect comparisons with the Bayesian model confirmed that aspirin＋clopidogrel significantly increased the risk of GIB in AF patients compared to the placebo （OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.01-0.92）. Warfarin was identified as greatly increasing the risk of ICH compared to edoxaban 30 mg （OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.22-7.24） and dabigatran 110 mg （OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.10-8.45）. We further ranked the NOACs for the lowest risk of GIB （apixaban 5 mg） and ICH （apixaban 5 mg, dabigatran 110 mg, and edoxaban 30 mg）. Conclusions： Bayesian network meta-analysis of treatment of nonvalvular AF patients with anticoagulants suggested that NOACs do not increase risks of GIB and/or ICH, compared to each other.
文摘Understanding and managing the bleeding＇s causes is essential for a good surgical practice in general. In fact, it is crucial to know how to manage and control this problem （sometimes simply annoying, but that may be able to cause even dangerous consequences） with a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, trying to use all the means is available today. The goal of this paper is to describe, even through a brief review of the literature--the State of Art about the bleeding control in oral surgery, the proper use of surgical devices and the NOACs （new oral anticoagulants） appearance.
