An Empirical Study of the Socratic Method in Nongraded English Teaching in Senior High School Under the Background of the New National College Entrance Examination

With the reform of the New National College Entrance Examination(Gaokao),the nongraded education will become an inevitable trend.In senior high school,the traditional test-oriented education is popular.The knowledge is mainly taught by the teachers,and the students passively absorb it.This study examines a problem-oriented Socratic experiment in nongraded English teaching in senior high school.The teachers seek output from students,who respond by interpreting questions,fostering critical thinking,and enhancing problem-solving skills.This teaching experiment indicates that the Socratic method has a significant positive effect on cultivating nongraded senior high English students’critical thinking under the New National College Entrance Examination.

Research on the Reform of College Entrance Examination Content under the Background of New College Entrance

Since the reform of the new college entrance examination,the reform of the college entrance examination content has achieved certain results,but there are still problems in the connection of basic education and higher education,the relationship between school teaching and the college entrance examination,knowledge selection and ability examination.The reform of the content of the college entrance examination can solve the problems in the reform by clarifying the educating nature of the content of the college entrance examination,improving the guidance of the content of the college entrance examination,and enhancing the scientificity of the content of the college entrance examination.

The School Reform Under the Background of the New National College Entrance Examination Reform

Since the promulgation of the new plan for the national college entrance examination reform in 2014,all provinces have been gradually promoting the new college entrance examination reform.In this context,schools are actively carrying out various reforms to improve the quality of education and teaching.However,can school reform only aim at the national college entrance examination?Facing the new national college entrance examination reform,what can schools do?

Orientation and Function of Examination Evaluation in the Reform of College Entrance Examination

With the aim of deepening the college entrance examination reform,this paper analyzes the orientation and role of examination evaluation in the reform of college entrance examination.Firstly,the paper expounds the implementation of the college entrance examination reform and affirms the necessity of several related educational reforms.Secondly,it expoxmds the orientation of examination evaluation.Finally,it summarizes the function of examination evaluation from four aspects:guiding the development of students*comprehensive quality,supervising teaching work,promoting the progress of teaching work,and guiding examination propositions.The advantages of examination evaluation are emphasized to promote the reform of college entrance examination and further drive the progress of the education reform in China.

China National College Entrance Examination brings New Changes to High Schools

China National College Entrance Examination(NCEE)reform originates from the thirst for innovative talents in China's economic development.In the past,the NCEE only focused on the level of students'admission to the school without paying attention to students'personal preferences,which led to many people not interested in their major and caused a waste of human resources.The new NCEE gives students an early start in thinking about their college majors and future careers.The new NCEE directly bring about a series of new changes in high schools.

Two-phase tabu search algorithm for solving Chinese high school timetabling problems under the new college entrance examination reform

Upon the latest reform to the college entrance examination in China(i.e.,Gaokao),high schools began implementing an optional class system.Under this scheme,students’time slots become complex,thereby increasing the difficulty in formulating a suitable timetable from the available ones.To address this problem,the coursescheduling model was improved.On the basis of the original hard constraints,the“concurrent group”was considered,and the softer constraints were regarded as optimization goals,such as“teaching plans synchronously”,“no idle periods in the timetables of teachers”,and“evenly distributed lessons”.Given these soft constraints,the model becomes more practical.In this study,a two-phase tabu search algorithm was proposed to solve the problem.The proposed algorithm uses the characteristics of the graph coloring model to eliminate redundant calculations in the neighborhood search process,thereby effectively improving computational efficiency.Fifteen practical instances of different scales were selected for testing to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.The proposed algorithm can formulate high-quality available timetables(The average satisfaction rate of soft constraints is more than 71%)in a short period.

Research on the Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Independent College Enrollment in the New Era

With the deepening of the reform process of the new college entrance examination,the enrollment of Independent Colleges in the new period is facing greater difficulties and challenges.Meanwhile,with the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic spreading in 2020 and the urgent demand of Independent Colleges'transformation work,enrollment is full of uncertainty.Based on this,the purpose of this study is to deeply analyze the plight,current situation and related research deficiencies of independent college enrollment work in the new period,and put forward the ways and direction of improvement,hoping to provide some reference for the enrollment work in the transition of independent college.

高校大规模招生应用综合素质评价的困境与对策

综合素质评价纳入高校招生是新高考改革的重要内容,然而除了部分试点高校对综合评价招生进行积极探索以外,在高校大规模招生中尚未有效应用,影响到新高考改革的整体成效。从高校主体视角看,综合素质评价在高校大规模招生中的应用困境主要表现为“不能用”“不愿用”“不会用”“不敢用”的“四大困境”。实现高校在大规模招生中对综合素质评价“能用”“愿用”“会用”“敢用”,需要提升综合素质评价质量,扩大综合素质评价使用空间;树立正确的招生理念,控制招生录取工作成本;加强相关研究与探索,提升高校招生能力;加快构建社会诚信体系,提供包容的改革环境。

职教高考制度的发展历程、瓶颈问题及破解路径——以湖北省为例

职教高考制度是优化人才层次结构、拓宽成长成才通道、完善现代职业教育体系的重要举措。作为推进职教高考改革的先行实践,湖北省积极探索职教高考制度区域模式创新的新路,逐渐从萌芽起步期迈向深化提质期,呈现出鲜明特征:在制度理念上,从“消化模仿”向“改革创新”转变;在制度主体上,从“一元主体”向“多元主体”转变;在制度内容上,从“单一松散”向“系统规范”转变。然而,湖北省职教高考在发展过程中存在一系列需要破解的难题,如晋升渠道之困境、技能评价之难题、文化素质之困囿、组织实施之窘境。因此,系统总结湖北省“技能高考”制度的发展历程,准确把握“技能高考”的目标定位,完善“技能高考”招录机制、建立健全职业技能评价体系、全面优化“文化素质+职业技能”考试方式、深化考试方式分层分类等,能有效彰显职业教育类型特色,进而建立高质量现代职业教育体系。

“一新两大类”背景下大学化学课程分层次教学改革研究

大学化学课程是重庆大学新生的第一门化学学科素养基础课程。在新高考、大类招生和大类培养的背景下,课程教学团队根据学生化学基础参差不齐及化学知识学习需求多样化的现状,实施分层次教学,对教学内容、教学资源、教学模式进行改革,为学生搭建多层次信息化学习平台,形成了多元、自主、开放的教学环境,满足了学生的个性化学习需求。

美国学术能力评估测试的存废之争及其启示

鉴于“肯定性行动”取消导致弱势群体录取比例下降、学术能力评估测试筛选功能需求降低以及高等教育机构利益受到影响,美国众多院校不再强制要求学生提交标准化考试成绩。这一招生政策的调整引发学界和社会的广泛关注,美国学术能力评估测试存废问题成为争论焦点。持否定观点者质疑SAT的公平性和有效性,认为标准化考试成绩和考生的社会经济地位有着显著的相关性等;持肯定观点者认为,SAT成绩是美国绝大部分高校开展招生录取工作的重要依据,在维护弱势群体利益等方面发挥了重要作用。在回顾美国SAT存废之争的基础上,客观分析这一论争的深层原因,为我国高考改革提供一些启示。

从嵌入到共生:高考综合改革十年的发展图景

高考综合改革已推进十年之久,从局部试点逐步推广至全国,呈现出向纵深推进的发展势态。高考综合改革并不是一项单一的制度革新,而是融入于特定的政治、经济、社会、文化的宏观环境之中,与各种社会要素的发展相互作用、彼此联系。在社会诸要素嵌入的过程中,高考综合改革也存在制度失灵、价值观念冲突、组织治理“错位”、主体地位模糊等“脱嵌”情况。随着改革不断深入,社会各要素日益融入新高考制度,逐渐呈现从嵌入发展到共生发展的局面,最终实现融合共生、良性运行。

不同利益相关主体对高考制度评价的实证研究

基于83694份“高考改革问卷调查”有效数据,考察高中生、大学生、高中教师、大学教师、家长与关心高考改革的社会人士五个利益相关主体对高考制度的评价。通过词频分析可知,“公平性”“高竞争”“压力大”是各利益相关主体对高考制度最广泛而突出的评价。通过熵值分析发现,各利益相关主体对高考制度评价同中有异,表现出不同利益诉求。通过聚类分析则进一步验证和深化了词频分析和熵值分析所获得的各项结论。鉴于此,应明确维护高考公平仍是高考改革最重要的前提条件,兼顾各主体的利益诉求,同时对高考改革的政策评价也应予以适当延展时间。

新高考改革促进了大学新生适应吗?——新高考政策认同对大学新生专业适应性的影响机制

始于2014年的新一轮高考改革把构建衔接各级各类教育“立交桥”作为改革总体目标之一,致力于通过改革促进教育衔接。大学新生的适应是学生从高中到大学转换衔接的重要表征。为此,基于社会认知生涯理论构建新高考政策认同与专业适应性间的中介关系模型,探究新高考政策认同对专业适应性的影响机制,从大学新生适应的视角,来考察新高考政策对高中教育与大学教育衔接的作用,进而评估新一轮高考改革的实施成效。研究发现:在新高考政策下,经历新高考的大学新生的专业适应性情况良好;总体而言,新高考政策认同对大学新生专业适应性具有显著的正向影响,体现出政策影响的持续性,但专业优先政策认知的直接影响并不显著;专业决策自我效能、专业选择结果预期在政策认同影响专业适应性中起到中介作用,但所呈现的中介效应有所不同。由此可认为,新高考改革能促进大学新生适应,改革取得了积极成效;建议从“学生中心”理念出发,进一步培养学生自主能力,强化政策宣传,优化政策方案。

深化高考改革完善职教高考制度的实践探索

深化高考改革,完善职教高考制度,需要以国家高质量发展要求为目标,积极响应人民群众对于高等教育的需求,为社会培养出更多的高素质技能应用型人才。职教高考改革则是推进职业教育体系完善的重要举措,是职业本科院校招生的渠道之一。就职教高考制度内涵进行解析,分析目前职教高考改革中存在的问题,并探究深化高考改革完善职教高考制度的对策,为新时期职教高考制度实践提供有益思路和参考。

试论我国高校招生录取制度改革的三大价值转向

马克思主义将人的全面而自由的发展作为最高价值追求,主张人的自觉能动性、创造性和自主性应得到全面发展。进入新时代,高等教育在教育需求、教育目标、人才规格、培养方式、评价标准等方面发生重大转变,更加注重人的个性发展,迫切要求高校招生录取制度改革实现三大价值转向:科学选才观由单一高考总分标准转向以高考分数为主、兼顾多元标准,公平选才观由片面追求形式公平转向更加注重实质公平,高效选才观由一档一投录取转向一档多投、智能匹配。高校招生录取制度改革的终极目标是实现学生专长特长与高校多样化特色专业的稳定匹配,促进人的自由发展和社会和谐发展。

“3+1+2”选科模式下大学生学习适应性及其影响因素研究

学习适应性是评价学生发展的重要指标,分析新高考生源的学习适应性是评价新高考改革成效和提升高等教育质量的关键。对第三批高考改革实施“3+1+2”选科模式的八省市高校本科生进行大规模抽样调查,并通过组间差异分析与多元线性回归分析,深入研究了新高考生源的学习适应性。结果显示,大学生学习适应性总体良好,学生学习适应性存在显著的个体因素、家庭背景、学校层次和学科背景差异。学生对录取结果和改革成效的满意度以及学生选考科目与大学专业的匹配度均对学习适应性存在显著影响。“3+1+2”科目设置适应了我国基础教育和高等教育发展的实际,但同时高中层面要加强学生选科与志愿填报指导,提升学生选考科目与所学专业的匹配度。高校层面应当及时更新人才培养方案以应对生源多元化带来的挑战,提高学生学习适应能力和人才培养质量。

生成式人工智能分析工具在高考评价中的应用:以Kimi为例

选用Kimi作为生成式人工智能AIGC分析工具,以某市2023年高中学业水平等级性考试历史学科试卷和考生答题卡为分析内容,探讨AIGC在高考评价中的应用。研究表明:Kimi协同工作模式可以优化试卷结构分析,提升考生水平临界分数划定效度,提高评价结果反馈的时效性和针对性;但存在问题判定过分广泛、不能深入推理发现材料之间的关系、有时会给出错误结论或理由、无法明确进行微调等问题。

新高考改革的历史成就、现实审思与发展愿景

高考招生制度不仅是我国一项基本的教育制度,而且也是选拔人才和保障教育公平的重要举措。当前,新一轮高考改革已推行多年,成效显著,逐步从局部试点走向全国布局,选拔标准也从分数优先转向倚重学生综合素质评价,逐渐突破传统分层分批录取的束缚,进一步保证学生的录取机会,改变学校教育的培育模式,从传统的文理分科转向了选科自由的新样态。同时,审视新高考改革的进程,发现政策鼓励与执行过程的偏差、科学选才与考试负担的冲突、个性发展与职业选择的博弈以及普通教育与生涯教育的对冲在一定程度上阻碍了新高考改革的推进。纵然如此,对新高考这种具有全局性的系统改革,必须坚持系统性的思维模式,稳步推进,在目标层面、主体层面、技术层面与治理层面都将找准关键点,阐明关键目标与价值主体,把握教育综合性改革的未来方向与技术路线。未来,新高考改革展现新的发展愿景:锚定发展目标,保障选拔体系的公平性;观照学生的主体需求,尊重学生选择的自主性;实现数字赋能,凸显高考改革的科技性;实现科学治理,增强“教、考、招”的联结性。

新高考综合改革十周年回望:自由选科与理工类人才培养困境及其破解

2024年是新高考综合改革十周年,这场改革对高中教育和高等教育均产生了深刻影响。其中,自由选科的模式给高校理工类人才培养带来了困境:高考未选考物理、化学造成“教与学的双边痛楚”,进而导致挂科率升高与毕业率降低,以及转专业需求增多与名额限制之间的矛盾。究其缘由在于,逃避物理、化学的功利性选科行为造成学生理化基础薄弱。破解理工类人才培养困境,是一个迂回曲折、不断探索完善的过程。目前来说,高校采取的治标之策包括:开设补习课程;降低专业课程难度,加大学生学习强度;实施分层分类培养及朋辈帮扶等。基于此,回归传统高考文理分科模式的呼声再次响起,同时,通过科学设置高校招生专业选考科目指引,引导报考理工类专业考生同时选考物理、化学也是一种途径。