Creating new middle breeding materials by utilizing new techniques

A new breeding program"Creating new middle breedingmaterials by utilizing new techniques",cooperated byChina National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI)andJapan International Research Center for Agricultural Sci-ence(JIRCAS)",started in Hangzhou,China in 1999.

Special issue on new techniques and approaches for neuroscience

In this special issue of Neuroscience Bulletin, the topics range over emerging techniques from the nanoscopic to the macroscopic scales. At the nanoscopic level, new ways to obtain images at the individual protein level in synapses take the re- construction of synaptic architecture to a new level, while using chromophores to disable specific proteins at selected subcellular locations allows the assessment of their functional roles in such dynamic processes as growth-cone extension and cell division. The subtle influences of axonal chan- nels and receptors on neurotransmission are revealed by recording from the blebs induced by axotomy, while methods from cloning to chemical computation are being applied to dissecting the structural-functional rules by which ion channels operatet41.

Three-Dimensional Rigid-Plastic FEM Simulation of Bulk Forming Processes with New Contact and Remeshing Techniques

Some techniques such as die surface description, contact judgement algorithm and remeshing are proposed to improve the robustness of the numerical solution. Based on these techniques, a three-dimensional rigid-plastic FEM code has been developed. Isothermal forging process of a cylindrical housing has been simulated. The simulation results show that the given techniques and the FEM code are reasonable and feasible for three-dimensional bulk forming processes.

Some New Techniques for the Reception of English Vocabulary

Introduction Low efficiency of verbal memorization and high frequency of vocabulary testing in various examinations which are necessary to graduation,job-finding and overseas academic pursuit looms as a big headache for college students. Some language teachers and memory researchers have been seeking panaceas for effective retention of lexical input and development of retrieval techniques for ages; however, cure-alls prescribed by them sometimes cannot generate satisfactory results in tackling lexical complexity for Chinese

Constitutive modeling for mechanical behaviors of geomaterials, newdesigns and techniques in geotechnical engineering

This Special Issue of the Journal of Rock Mechanics and GeotechnicalEngineering （JRMGE） contains 13 papers prepared by internationalexperts on various general topics in geomechanics, rockmechanics and geotechnical engineering. It represents a usefulmix of theoretical developments, testing and practical applications.We present in the following brief details in the papers, alphabeticallyin accordance with the last name of the first author.Barla presents a review of tunneling techniques with emphasison the full-face method combining full-face excavation and facereinforcement by means of fiber-glass elements with a yieldcontrolsupport. This method has been used successfully in difficultgeologic conditions, and for a wide spectrum of ground situations.The validation of the method with respect to the Saint Martin LaPorte access adit along the LyoneTurin Base tunnel experiencingseverely squeezing conditions during excavation is also includedin the paper. The numerical modeling with consideration of therock mass time-dependent behavior showed a satisfactory agreementwith monitoring results.

CNPC's New Progress in Well Cementing Techniques

Well cementing is an important step in petroleum engineering territory. Through many years study and research, China Nation Petroleum Corporation(abbreviated as CNPC) has made many good progresses in cementing process, and a series of cementing materials, cementing tools, and associated cementing techniques to them have been developed. Over the recent years, there have been significant improvements in application of single slurry system to super deep well, horizontal well, large displacement well and wells with large temperature span between cementing top and well bottom. Favorable results have been gained in field application of super high density cement slurry system and super low density cement slurry system. Application of conventional cementing tools and accessories has been the matured techniques, and breakthroughs have been made in liner hanger and swellable material.

Consumer transparency in the production chain for plant varieties produced using new genomic techniques

Plants edited with new genomic techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically Modified Organisms Directive(2001/18/EC)in the European Union.In the proposal of the European Commission,NGT plants are partially exempted from the regulations of this directive.The proposal makes a distinction between two categories of NGT plants:NGT-1 and NGT-2.NGT-1 category plants are considered equal to plants obtained through conventional breeding methods.These plants will not be labelled for the consumer,although they will be labelled as seeds.NGT-2 category plants may be labelled with additional information as a positive incentive.Labelling of seeds of varieties made with gene editing,but not the products,would mean that most steps in the production chain are transparent,but not the last step towards consumers.The“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a common theme in food labelling towards consumers.Here,we describe current labelling regimes and registers and how these may be applied to provide transparency on gene-edited products to consumers.Furthermore,we also look into consumer studies,which indicate a greater acceptance of gene-edited food among consumers,especially when additional benefits such as sustainability are mentioned.

Visco chop-a new technique for nucleus separation for soft cataracts in femtolaser assisted cataract surgery

【正】INTRODUCTION Femtosecond laser technology,introduced clinically for ophthalmic surgery as a technique for creating lamellar flaps in laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),has recently been developed into a tool for cataract surgery.Preliminary experience for femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery show appropriate safety and efficacy,and possible advantage over conventional cataract surgery[1-4].The ability of the femtosecond laser to fragment the lens results in the need for less ultrasound energy to be expended inside the eye.Several studies indicate that less effective phacoemulsification time is needed to emulsify the lens

A New Cultivation Technique of Cangmai 6005 for High Yield in Cangzhou Dry-alkali Land

Cangmai 6005 is a national wheat variety approved by Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,which has the characteristics of drought resistance,salt tolerance,high yield and stable yield. According to the characteristics of dry-alkali land in Cangzhou City and the variety characteristics,the new cultivation technique was completed.

Adjustable muscle plication:a new surgical technique for strabismic patients with high risk for anterior segment ischemia

【正】INTRODUCTION Anterior ciliary arteries provide 70%of the vascular supply of the anterior segment.A significant interruption of the vascular flow of these arteries increases the risk for anterior ischemia.Although the frequency of this special condition is low after strabismus surgery(1:13 000)[1],its effects may involve substantial visual problems[2].We report the successful outcome of a new surgical approach for strabismus management in a case of high risk for anterior ischemia.Specifically,we show the correction of the horizontal ocular deviation by means of an adjustable muscle

A NEW COPY TECHNIQUE·FOR SPECIMEN GRATING IN MOIRE METHOD

A special X-radiography,used in obtaining the deformed specimen grating in in-plane moire method is introduced.The density of gridline is up to 50 lines / mm.This method is suitable not only for the copy of grating in fiat surface but also for that in curved surface.From unfolding the copy and superposing it with a reference grating,the moire effect arises.By processing this moire fringes with the digital image processing unit, the strain distribution would be obtained.Furthermore,the u-and v-displacement fields could be separated by the optical processing of this copy.The measurment sensitivity and accuracy become better simultaneously because of the fringe multiplication.Thus,this method makes it possible to measure the elastic-plastic strain precisely in any developable curved surfaces,for example, the surface of shaft,rotary-wing,cylindrical shell and cone shell etc.

New autologous material for the frontalis suspension technique:superficial temporal fascia

The frontalis suspension technique, which is a well-known surgical procedure, has been used for congenital ptosis for many years [1]. Several autologous and foreign grafts or materials have been preferred for this suspension, such as collagen, tensor fascia lata, palmaris longus tendon, deep temporal fascia, catgut, prolene, silicone, stainless steel, and supramid suture . Each of these have their own advantages and disadvantages; however, the superficial temporal fascia has not been used for the frontalis suspension method before.

New Economy Companies:Impact of COVID-19 on Valuation

The boom of innovative and new technology-oriented companies that provide products and services to customers in recent years has given rise to a new class of firms called New Economy Companies,or NECs.Accurate valuation of these companies throughout their life cycles can be challenging because most of them have massive amount of debt and have a long history of losses since inception,and their principal assets are mostly intangible with no clear values.Inadvertently,the COVID-19 pandemic has added even more obstacles for valuation providers to determine the value of this new type of companies.This paper examines the characteristics of NECs,valuation methods,and the impact of COVID-19 on the valuation of these companies.

New technique for identifying varieties resistance to rice blast

After 8 yrs lab experiments and field tests, an advanced technique for identifying varieties resistance to rice blast was developed by a research group in Plant Protection Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. With this technique, the inoculum was prepared on a maize-rice-straw-agar media which was suitable for sporulation of most rice blast pathogen isolates. To avoid possible virulence variation during the vegetative growth, the conidia were harvested and preserved for later different sets of resistance evaluation tests. A simple and precise new method—smear inoculation was used for infection. The experi-

A new technique of upper-middle face rhytidectomy without destroying the configuration of sideburns

To introduce a safe,effective and lasting rhytidectomy technique without destroying the configuration of sideburns.Methods The operation is performed through the coronal incision,the temporal incision that is paralleled to the nasolabial sulcus,and the preauricular incision in the sideburns.Multi-layer dissection of facial tissue is made.Results 46 patints with aging face have been treated using this technique since 2002.All patinets obtained good curative effects without any severe complications.Conclusion This operation technique may maintain the natural configuration of the preauricular area and sideburns,result obscure incision scar and avoid harming important nerves or vessels.Multi-layer dissection accords with anatomical principles and produces a lasting curative effect.6 refs,2 figs.

A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR SOLVING NON-AXIALLY SYMMETRICALLARGE DEFLECTION OF ELASTIC AND THIN CIRCULAR PLATES

A new technique for solving large deflection problem of circular plates flexural non-axisymmetrically is proposed in this paper. The large deflection problem of a circular plate with built-in edge under non-axisymmetrical load is taken as an example to clarify the principle and procedure of the technique mentioned here. The technique given here can also be used to solve large deflection problem of circular plates under other non-axisymmetrical loads and boundary conditions.

Advance of in-situ stress measurement in China

In-situ stress is an essential parameter for design and construction of most engineering projects that involve excavation in rocks. Progress in in-situ stress measurement from the 1950s in China is briefly introduced. Stress relief by overcoring technique and hydraulic fracturing： technique are the two main techniques for in-situ stress measurement in China at present. To make them suitable for application at great depth and to increase their measuring reliability and accuracy, a series of techniques have been developed. Applications and achievements of in-situ stress measurement in Chinese rock engineering, including mining, geotechnical and hydropower engineering, and earthquake prediction, are introduced. Suggestions for further development of in-situ stress measurement are also proposed.

A different approach for sterilization of liver hydatid cysts

TO THE EDITORMany different methods have been used in surgical treatment of liver hvdatid cysts. However, two methods have been frequently used recently： one is used to radically remove the cyst and the other is used to shrink the cyst cavity after treated with scolocidal agents. One of the most important principles for the treatment of hydatid cyst is to avoid the contact of fluid in the cavity with the adjacent tissues during cyst cavity contacts with scolek killers at certain time.

One-half layer pancreaticojejunostomy with the rear wall of the pancreas reinforced:A valuable anastomosis technique

BACKGROUND Postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)is one of the most common and serious complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).To effectively reduce the incidence of POPF,we designed a new type of pancreaticojejunostomy(PJ),which was termed one-half layer PJ with the rear wall of the pancreas reinforced.AIM To explore the clinical application value of this new technique.METHODS We compared 62 patients who had undergone PD by either the traditional ductto-mucosa anastomoses or the new one-half layer PJ with the rear wall of the pancreas reinforced method at our hospital from May 2015 to September 2019.All 62 patients were operated by the same surgeon experienced in both procedures.We retrospectively analyzed patient characteristics,perioperative outcomes,and surgical results.RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups in basic information except the postoperative hospital stays,14.7±5.4 d in the traditional duct-tomucosa anastomoses group and 12.0±4.2 d in the one-half layer PJ group(P=0.042).In terms of postoperative complications,the one-half layer PJ group had a lower rate of POPF than the traditional group.The overall number of cases with POPF was 8(24.2%)in the traditional group and 2(6.9%)in the one-half layer group(P=0.017).Additionally,the rate of grades B and C POPF was lower in the one-half layer group(3.4%)compared with that(12.1%)in the traditional group(P=0.010).One patient died due to hemorrhage caused by severe pancreatic fistula in the traditional group.CONCLUSION One-half layer PJ with the rear wall of the pancreas reinforced is a safe and feasible procedure that can successfully reduce the rate of POPF.It may be a promising technique for PJ after PD.