Accelerated generation of holograms with ultra-low memory symmetrically high-compressed look-up table

Computer-generated holography technology has been widely applied,and as research in this field deepens,the demand for memory and computational power in small AR and VR devices continues to increase.This paper presents a hologram generation method,i.e.,a symmetrically high-compressed look-up table method,which can reduce memory usage by50%.In offline computing,half of the basic horizontal and vertical modulation factors are stored,halving the memory requirements without affecting inline speed.Currently,its potential extends to various holographic applications,including the production of optical diffraction elements.

A general purpose exact Rayleigh scattering look-up table for ocean color remote sensing

The current exact Rayleigh scattering calculation of ocean color remote sensing uses the look-up table （LUT）, which is usually created for a special remote sensor and cannot be applied to other sensors. For practical application, a general purpose Rayleigh scattering LUT which can be applied to all ocean color remote sensors is generated. An adding-doubling method to solve the vector radiative transfer equation in the plane-parallel atmosphere is deduced in detail. Compared with the exact Rayleigh scattering radiance derived from the MODIS exact Rayleigh scattering LUT, it is proved that the relative error of Rayleigh scattering calculation with the adding-doubling method is less than 0.25%, which meets the required accuracy of the atmospheric correction of ocean color remote sensing. Therefore, the adding-doubling method can be used to generate the exact Rayleigh scattering LUT for the ocean color remote sensors. Finally, the general purpose exact Rayleigh scattering LUT is generated using the adding-doubling method. On the basis of the general purpose LUT, the calculated Rayleigh scattering radiance is tested by comparing with the LUTs ofMODIS, SeaWiFS and the other ocean color sensors, showing that the relative errors are all less than 0.5%, and this general purpose LUT can be applied to all ocean color remote sensors.

Fine Doppler shift acquisition algorithm for BeiDou software receiver by a look-up table

The BeiDou software receiver uses the fast Fourier transform(FFT)to perform the acquisition.The Doppler shift estimation accuracy should be less than 500 Hz to ensure satellite signals to enter a locked state in the tracking loop.Since the frequency step is usually 500 Hz or larger,the Doppler shift estimation accuracy cannot guarantee that satellite signals are brought into a stable tracking state.The straightforward solutions consist in increasing the sampling time and using zero-padding to improve the frequency resolution of the FFT.However,these solutions intensify the complexity and amount of computation.The contradiction between the acquisition accuracy and the computational load leads us to research for a more simple and effective algorithm,which achieves fine acquisition by a look-up table.After coarse acquisition using the parallel frequency acquisition(PFA)algorithm,the proposed algorithm optimizes the Doppler shift estimation through the look-up table method based on the FFT results to improve the acquisition accuracy of the Doppler shift with a minimal additional computing load.When the Doppler shift is within the queryable range of the table,the proposed algorithm can improve the Doppler shift estimation accuracy to 50 Hz for the BeiDou B1I signal.

Performance of global look-up table strategy in digital image correlation with cubic B-spline interpolation and bicubic interpolation

Global look-up table strategy proposed recently has been proven to be an efficient method to accelerate the interpolation, which is the most time-consuming part in the iterative sub-pixel digital image correlation （DIC） algorithms. In this paper, a global look-up table strategy with cubic B-spline interpolation is developed for the DIC method based on the inverse compositional Gauss-Newton （IC-GN） algorithm. The performance of this strategy, including accuracy, precision, and computation efficiency, is evaluated through a theoretical and experimental study, using the one with widely employed bicubic interpolation as a benchmark. The global look-up table strategy with cubic B-spline interpolation improves significantly the accuracy of the IC-GN algorithm-based DIC method compared with the one using the bicubic interpolation, at a trivial price of computation efficiency.

Effect of burial depth of a new tunnel on the seismic response of an existing tunnel

Burial depth is a crucial factor affecting the forces and deformation of tunnels during earthquakes.One key issue is a lack of understanding of the effect of a change in the buried depth of a single-side tunnel on the seismic response of a double-tunnel system.In this study,shaking table tests were designed and performed based on a tunnel under construction in Dalian,China.Numerical models were established using the equivalent linear method combined with ABAQUS finite element software to analyze the seismic response of the interacting system.The results showed that the amplification coefficient of the soil acceleration did not change evidently with the burial depth of the new tunnel but decreased as the seismic amplitude increased.In addition,the existing tunnel acceleration,earth pressure,and internal force were hardly affected by the change in the burial depth;for the new tunnel,the acceleration and internal force decreased as the burial depth increased,while the earth pressure increased.This shows that the earth pressure distribution in a double-tunnel system is relatively complex and mainly concentrated on the arch spandrel and arch springing of the relative area.Overall,when the horizontal clearance between the center of the two tunnels was more than twice the sum of the radius of the outer edges of the two tunnels,the change in the burial depth of the new tunnel had little effect on the existing one,and the tunnel structure was deemed safe.These results provide a preliminary understanding and reference for the seismic performance of a double-tunnel system.

Research of NO_(2) vertical profiles with look-up table method based on MAX-DOAS

Obtaining the vertical distribution profile of trace gas is of great significance for studying the diffusion procedure of air pollution.In this article,a look-up table method based on multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)technology is established for retrieving the tropospheric NO_(2) vertical distribution profiles.This method retrieves the aerosol extinction profiles with minimum cost function.Then,the aerosol extinction profiles and the atmospheric radiation transfer model(RTM)are employed to establish the look-up table for retrieving the NO_(2) vertical column densities(VCDs)and profiles.The measured NO_(2) differential slant column densities(DSCDs)are compared with the NO_(2) DSCDs simulated by the atmospheric RTM,and the NO_(2) VCDs,the weight factor of NO_(2) in the boundary layer,and the boundary layer height are obtained by the minimization process.The look-up table is established to retrieve NO_(2) VCDs based on MAX-DOAS measurements in Huaibei area,and the results are compared with the data from Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service(CAMS)model.It is found that there are nearly consistent and the correlation coefficient R2 is more than 0.86.The results show that this technology provides a more convenient and accurate retrieval method for the stereoscopic monitoring of atmospheric environment.

WinoNet:Reconfigurable look-up table-based Winograd accelerator for arbitrary precision convolutional neural network inference

To solve the hardware deployment problem caused by the vast demanding computational complexity of convolutional layers and limited hardware resources for the hardware network inference,a look-up table(LUT)-based convolution architecture built on a field-programmable gate array using integer multipliers and addition trees is used.With the help of the Winograd algorithm,the optimization of convolution and multiplication is realized to reduce the computational complexity.The LUT-based operator is further optimized to construct a processing unit(PE).Simultaneously optimized storage streams improve memory access efficiency and solve bandwidth constraints.The data toggle rate is reduced to optimize power consumption.The experimental results show that the use of the Winograd algorithm to build basic processing units can significantly reduce the number of multipliers and achieve hardware deployment acceleration,while the time-division multiplexing of processing units improves resource utilization.Under this experimental condition,compared with the traditional convolution method,the architecture optimizes computing resources by 2.25 times and improves the peak throughput by 19.3 times.The LUT-based Winograd accelerator can effectively solve the deployment problem caused by limited hardware resources.

Help Those Missing from the Table——Confronting Gender Issues in New Looks

The widespread application of new technologies,while empowering women with new opportunities,might also put them at disadvantage.For example,in comparison with males,the application of AI might be more likely to cost them their jobs.Meanwhile,women are missing out the opportunity to participate in the policy-making process–they are absent from the table.If no change is made in the current policies,we will miss the goal to achieve gender equality,the fifth of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals set for UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,warned elite women scientists with the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World(OWSD).What shall be done now?How can we make a difference?They are in action to help.

The Knees-Ankles-Toe in Cosmic Rays and the Periodic Table of Elementary Particles

This paper posits the discovery of the new elementary particles from the energy spectrum for the knees-ankles-toe of cosmic rays. The energy spectrum from 109 eV to 1020 eV appears to follow a single power law except few breaks at the knees-ankles-toe. The power index increases at the first knee and the second knee, and decreases at the ankle. Above 4 × 1019 eV, the power index increases as the “toe”. The fine structure of the cosmic ray spectrum shows that an ankle with decrease in power index is in between the first knee and the second knee, resulting in two knees, two ankles, and one toe. This paper posits that the knees-ankles-toe are explained by the very high-energy fermions and bosons in the periodic table of elementary particles that places all known leptons, quarks, gauge bosons, and the Higgs boson in the table with the calculated masses in good agreement with observed values. In the periodic table, some high-energy dimensional fermions (Fd where d= dimensional orbital number from 5 to 11) and bosons (Bd) are involved in the knees-ankles-toe. At the knees and the toe, some parts of the energies from the energy sources of cosmic rays are spent to generate Fd and Bd, resulting in the increase of power index. The ankles are the the middle points (midpoints) between the adjacent dimensional fermions and bosons. At a midpoint, the energy is too high to keep the thermally unstable high-energy dimensional particle,resulting in the decay and the decrease of power index. The calculated masses of B8, the midpoint, F9, the midpoint, and B9, are 1.7 × 1015, 2 × 1016, 2.4 × 1017, 2.8 × 1018, and 3.2 × 1019 eV, respectively, which are in good agreement with observed 3 × 1015, 2 × 1016, 3 × 1017, 3 × 1018, and 4 × 1019 eV for the first knee, the first ankle, the second knee, the second ankle, and the toe, respectively. The mass of F10 is 4.4 × 1021 eV beyond the GZK limit, so F10 and above are not observed.

鲜食葡萄新品种申园的选育

申园是以申丰为母本、申玉为父本,通过人工杂交选育出的四倍体鲜食葡萄新品种,具有坐果稳定、着色均匀、栽培省力的特点。果穗圆锥形,紧密度中等,平均单穗质量448 g,平均单粒质量10.9 g,果粒长椭圆形,果皮深紫红色,肉质细腻,草莓香味,含种子2~3粒。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)18.9%,可滴定酸含量0.48%。生长势较强,花芽分化良好,萌芽率91.96%,结果枝率95.39%,结果系数1.99。在上海地区避雨栽培条件下8月中旬成熟,实施控产栽培,适宜产量为15000~18750 kg·hm^(-2)。适宜在国内巨峰葡萄适栽区种植。

我国国内大循环的测度、解构及内生动力研究:基于构建全国统一大市场的视角

党的二十大报告指出要增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性,准确测度、分解并动态描述我国国内大循环及区域间和产业间循环的水平、结构及时空演变趋势,找到畅通国内大循环发展的内生动力有重要意义。运用价值链循环分解方法对中国国内大循环水平进行测度,并从构建国内统一大市场的视角揭示国内大循环的内生动力。研究发现:中国各产业增加值主要依赖于国内循环,国内区域间循环占比远高于国内产业间循环占比,省外循环水平也略高于省内循环;国内大循环存在一定的空间相关性和地域差异,水平较高的省份主要分布在沿海沿江经济带;我国国内大循环发展整体上呈下降趋势,国内大循环在各区域(省份)的差异逐渐增加;构建全国统一大市场可有效抑制各省份的国内循环水平差异,提升整体的国内大循环水平,作用路径体现在通过消除生产、分配、流通和消费4个环节的堵点提升区域间循环水平。研究结论有利于从定量的角度深入理解国内大循环的现状与趋势,对于构建国内统一大市场、畅通国内大循环具有一定的启示意义。

新课标背景下语文“命题规划”的理解与实践

为落实语文新课标理念、进一步提升命题质量,需重视命题规划。命题规划需统筹考虑多个维度,如目标要求、内容范围与水平标准、考试形式、试卷结构、题型、题量、难度、评分标准等。当前,需依据语文新课标更新部分命题规划维度的所指,从多个维度改进命题规划实践,如立足语文学习任务群立体规划考试内容,进一步贴合语文学科内容领域特性确定试题考查的认知水平,兼顾试卷的显性结构和隐性结构等。命题规划结果可根据实际需要酌情选用相应载体呈现:可以继续沿用并优化“多维细目表”,也可以编制整合分领域命题细目表与相关说明的“命题框架”,以增强命题规划的针对性与弹性。

永磁同步电机三相矢量双选取预测转矩控制

针对永磁同步电机在占空比模型预测转矩控制下,存在计算量较大、稳态性能不够理想的问题,提出一种三相矢量双选取模型预测转矩控制方法。首先将定子磁链所在空间复平面6个扇区重新划分为3个扇区;其次,设计一种基于三相电压矢量的新型开关表,依据新型电压矢量选择表,从三相电压矢量中选择出两个有效电压矢量,再加入一个零矢量,仅进行一次占空比计算,就可输出任意幅值、相角的期望电压矢量。仿真结果表明,该策略减少了系统计算时间,有效地抑制了转矩和磁链脉动且稳态性能良好。

新型土坯墙建筑地震模拟振动台试验研究

为研究新型土坯墙结构体系的抗震性能。设计制作了一个平面尺寸为3.6 m×3.0 m,层高2.45 m的一层足尺新型土坯墙建筑试验模型进行振动台试验,试验选取El Centro波和云南鲁甸波分别在X、Y向进行单向地震波加载,实测了试验模型在峰值加速度为0.10、0.22、0.40、0.62、0.90 g的地震作用下的频谱特性、加速度反应、位移反应、扭转反应和暗柱钢筋应变反应的规律。研究结果表明:模型仅在超9度罕遇烈度时发生轻微破坏,其他地震激励下未出现明显开裂、破坏现象;随着地震激励增大,模型自振频率无明显变化,加速度放大系数逐渐降低,最大放大系数为屋面处的3.666;层间位移角在峰值加速度为0.62 g时达到最大为1/399;因模型基本均匀对称,其结构整体扭转效应不明显;暗柱钢筋的应变值随地震激励的增大逐渐增加,但钢筋应变值较小,钢筋的性能未能充分发挥。综上所述,该新型土坯墙模型具有良好的抗震性能,研究为扩大土坯建筑应用范围提供了试验依据。

中国新能源产业关联测度及其效应分析

新发展阶段背景下能源消费转型的迫切性日益增强,以新能源为契机的能源结构转型是中国式现代化的重要内容。为了深入了解中国新能源产业现状及其对国民经济影响,设计并编制2015年、2017年、2018年和2020年新能源产业投入产出表。为了进一步分析新能源产业的关联效应,探究产业间的内部关联机制,运用结构分解法测算了新能源产业部门的内生乘数效应、回馈效应和外向溢出效应。研究发现:1)新能源产业规模发展整体呈上升趋势。新能源产业的增加值率处于较高水平,但整体上新能源产业部门对国民经济的影响未达到社会平均影响力,对国民经济发展的后项推动作用尚不明显。2)新能源产业的自身关联性不强,所有产业部门与新能源产业有后向直接关联关系,且在考虑间接消耗下,制造业、建筑业仍然是新能源产业的密切后向完全关联产业。3)通过静态分解效应发现,新能源产业部门的内生乘数效应、回馈效应和外向溢出效应均低于全社会平均水平,就产业部门自身来看,外向溢出效应是其部门产出增长的主要来源,但2020年有所下降并与内生乘数效应贡献持平;进一步动态分解效应发现,在观察期内的新能源产业部门产出增长的主要来源,经历了由其他部门最终需求刺激过渡到自身部门最终需求刺激,再到新一轮其他部门最终需求刺激的动态发展过程。总体上看,新能源产业与其他产业的关联程度动态增强趋势。新能源产业发展状态较为良好,处于上升蓬勃发展阶段。基于研究结果,提出以下建议:1)加大技术研发投入和推广普及新能源应用,增强新能源产业在国民经济部门中的以影响力为表征的前向牵引作用;2)合理规划和布局新能源产业集群发展,并连通其与制造业、建筑业等密切关联产业部门的生产交流通道,实现产业协同发展;3)加强新能源产业建设和政策引导扶持,以增强新能源产业感应能力优势,为实现中国式现代化助力。

Differential Spatial Modulation Mapping Algorithms

Differential spatial modulation(DSM)is a multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)transmission scheme.It has attracted extensive research interest due to its ability to transmit additional data without increasing any radio frequency chain.In this paper,DSM is investigated using two mapping algorithms:Look-Up Table Order(LUTO)and Permutation Method(PM).Then,the bit error rate(BER)performance and complexity of the two mapping algorithms in various antennas and modulation methods are verified by simulation experiments.The results show that PM has a lower BER than the LUTO mapping algorithm,and the latter has lower complexity than the former.

早熟鲜食葡萄新品种园香妃的选育

园香妃是以红巴拉多为母本、爱神玫瑰为父本杂交培育而成的极早熟玫瑰香型葡萄新品种。果穗大小中等,圆锥形,平均单穗质量550 g。果粒大小较均匀,卵圆形,着生中等紧密,平均单粒质量8.9 g。果皮红色至紫红色,薄,无涩味,果粉薄,果肉脆且有浓郁玫瑰香味,多汁,种子1~2粒,可溶性固形物含量(w)为21.5%。在江苏张家港避雨栽培条件下,3月下旬萌芽,4月底至5月初开花,7月上旬成熟,从萌芽至浆果成熟需107~110 d,属早熟品种,比夏黑(处理果)早上市12~15 d。植株生长势较强,花芽分化好,管理较简单,适合中国大部分葡萄产区种植。

鲜食葡萄新品种桂葡15号的选育

桂葡15号是由阳光玫瑰作母本、瑞都红玫作父本,经常规杂交授粉选育的优质、抗病鲜食葡萄新品种。其果穗呈圆锥形,果粒大小整齐一致、松紧度适中,果皮红色,果粉薄,果肉细腻紧致,具有较浓的玫瑰香味,平均单穗质量620 g,最大单穗质量1044 g。果粒椭圆形,纵径3.07 cm,横径2.51 cm,平均单粒质量11.6 g,最大单粒质量16.5 g。可溶形固形物含量(w,后同)19.5%,可滴定酸含量0.32%。广西南宁地区6月底成熟,属于中熟品种;对白粉病及白腐病抗性较强,适合在广西南宁及相似气候区进行避雨栽培。

实用化数据同步技术在新型配电系统规划多人协同机制中的应用

随着能源互联网时代的到来,将各能源部门内部或部门之间使用的不同数据库整合成统一的数据平台,既适应能源互联网发展趋势,又能为新型配电系统网格化规划多人协同机制的实现奠定基础。异构数据库的同步,关键在于源端数据变更的捕获、目的端数据操作的辨识以及目的端数据的同步。在源端变更数据捕获方面,通过创建临时表获取源端的变更数据,大大减少了传输数据量。在数据操作辨识方面,采用源端利用组合编码统一标识更新数据、目的端自行解析的方式,避免了解读的混乱。为省去大量同类语句的解析时间,在目的端事先制定好各类数据操作的存储过程,以实现同步数据的便捷写入。将该实用化数据同步技术应用在株洲市新型配电系统能源互联网规划多人协同机制中,成功提高了效率,证明了方法的有效性和可行性。实用化数据同步技术既能将源端的变更数据以系统开销最小的方式准确抓取出来,又能使目的端的数据写入更加快捷。

鲜食葡萄新品种天工玉柱的选育

天工玉柱属欧亚种,是从Banana×红亚历山大杂交的实生后代中选育出的中熟葡萄新品种。葡萄穗形为圆锥形,果粒着生紧密度中等,平均果穗质量377.1 g。果粒长椭圆形、黄绿色,果粒果形指数2.1,果粉少,平均单粒质量6.8 g,最大果粒质量达8.0 g;每粒葡萄含种子粒数1~3粒;果皮较易剥离,果肉质地适中,果汁多、香甜,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为19.5%,可滴定酸含量为3.41 g·kg^(-1),维生素C含量63.7 mg·kg^(-1),玫瑰香型。在浙江嘉兴海宁大棚种植条件下,从萌芽到浆果成熟需120~130 d,葡萄成熟期7月中下旬。该品种萌芽率87.3%,结果枝率96.3%,每结果枝平均着生果穗1.35个,花芽分化和稳产性均好。适宜在长三角地区设施栽培。