Research on the Harmonious Development of New Rural Communities under the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Areas

On the basis of offering a definition of New Rural Communities (NRCs), the paper analyzes the values of New Rural Communities and argues that the construction of NRCs is able to contribute to the enhancement of the comprehensive agricultural production capability as well as the development of social productivity. Meanwhile the incomes of the rural residents can be boosted, which denotes the realization of a harmonious society where the achievements of China's reform and development are shared by each citizen. Moreover, the construction of NRCs facilitates the economization of land use and thus improves the overall living standard of the residents, while helping to cut the administrative cost and promote democracy at the primary level. This paper also points out various problems arising during the construction of NRCS in China: blindly following suit in accordance with the modes of the urban communities; lack of funds, which leads to the absence of the supporting mechanisms of NRCs; vague positioning and the ensuing shortage of impetus for continued development. Finally, the paper raises the corresponding measures and suggestions: first, based on reality, make overall planning and scientific arrangement; second, the government should play the dominant role while respecting the principal position of the rural residents and introducing the market mechanism; third, increase science and technology input and attach equal importance to economic and social benefits; fourth, broaden fund-raising channels while completing the supervision mechanism.

Path Choice on Rural Industrial Upgrading in the Process of Rural-urban Integration in Binhai New Area

With methods of reference research and field research, the current situations of rural industrialization in the process of rural-urban integration in Binhai new area are analyzed and some problems in the process of integration in the new area are pointed out, such as difficulties in breaking dual economic structure in urban and rural areas, imbalanced economic development in the area and inadequate development of the third industry. And relevant countermeasures are proposed: optimizing agriculture industrial structure and promoting agricultural industrialization to form urban agricultural model of Binhai new area focusing on facility agriculture, park agriculture and high-end agriculture and to realize the intensive growth of agriculture; rationally distributing rural industrial structure to form regional leading industry and playing the guiding role of industry to achieve industrial adjustment improvement; quickening the construction of the third industry centering on service to form the service system of modern countryside and the leading role of modern service industry so as to achieve rapid development of the third industry.

Analyzing land use characteristics of rural settlements on the urban fringe of Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China

The objective of this paper is to analyze land use characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe so as to provide references for optimizing the regional distribution of rural settlements, consolidating rural settlements, and coordinating urban-rural integrated development. The methods of spatial statistical analysis, buffer analysis, Ripley's K function, kernel density analysis based on GIS(Geographic Information System) were used to analyze the characteristics of scale, spatial differentiation and spatial patterns of the rural settlements in Liangjiang New Area in Chongqing Municipality of China. The fractal dimension formula was also developed to reflect fractal feature of the rural settlements. The results show that, the scale of rural settlements in Liangjang New Area takes on distinct characteristics of spatial differentiation along with changes in elevation, gradient, location, geohazards distribution, and the like. The fractal characteristic of rural settlements has obvious regional variations subject to the 6 factors of location in the Liangjiang New Area. Overall, the worse the terrain conditions are, the larger the fractal dimension values become. The better the locationconditions, the larger the fractal dimension values are. The spatial pattern in the township scale presents three kinds of distribution as being aggregated, uniform and random. In contract, the spatial pattern in the plaque scale displays a banding distribution from a general view with several aggregation zones centering on each town center. From the results, we can see that the characteristics of rural settlements in urban fringe are more complicated. For such kind of rural settlements in special regions, in the rural land consolidation more attention should be paid to improve the rural living environments and public services, as well as to promote the harmonious relationship between the urban and rural areas.

New and Renewable Energy Development in China's Rural and Remote Area

This paper analyses the present situation of new and renewable energy development in China’s rural and remote areas and gives the development objectives and tasks which could be fulfilled in the future. At last, it is summed up that exploiting new and renewable energy is the national key strategy for rural economic development.

Reform of Rural Land System from the Perspective of New Urbanization

In view of artificially high urbanization rate of China and possible causes,survey and data analysis methods were used to discuss reform of household registration system,and path for promoting rural land system reform. Results show that it is required to eliminate bottlenecks of land system in the advance of new urbanization process. In line with land system bottlenecks of new urbanization,it is recommended to take following measures.( i) Promoting land right confirmation centered land system reform.( ii) Weakening rural land ownership and stressing land use right.( iii) Establishing urban and rural integrated land market and putting an end to low cost urbanization road.( iv) Realizing asset value of rural construction land and tackling the problem of insufficient construction land.( v) Reforming the land expropriation system and increasing the share of gain in land value to farmers.( vi) Implementing different land policies to promote coordinated development of regional social economy.( vii) Establishing land circulation access system to ensure unchanged land use purpose and high efficient use.

On Rural Medical Care and Health Undertaking Development during New Medical Reform

Based on in-depth survey of township hospitals in Lushan County of Henan Province, this paper studies the development situations of rural medical care and health undertaking in the course of new medical reform. Results show that both rural medical institution and public health undertaking have considerable development in this course. Working capital situation gradually turns better. However, there are still problems and challenge of shortage of high quality medical care personnel, lack of employment mechanism, poor medical environment, and imperfect bidding and purchasing system of medicines. To further develop rural medical situation, it should improve medical environment, speed up informationization construction, and give prominence to functional orientation.

新时代农村学校体育高质量发展的内涵与路径——基于广东实践的研究

身处教育高质量发展的大背景,农村学校体育高质量发展也渐成“显学”。新时代农村学校体育高质量发展是以新发展理念为指引,以公平发展为核心,以满足农村学生对优质体育教育的需求为导向,促进农村学生全面发展为目标,不断优化农村学校体育绩效和提高农村学校体育效果的过程与结果的统一,包括公平、均衡、开放、全面、绿色、创新和共享发展等7个维度。以广东省农村学校体育发展工作实践为例,以案说理,以期促进农村学校体育实践发展及理论创新。

以新质生产力引领现代化大农业发展

现代化大农业是以系统、全局的大农业观为指导,对传统小农经济进行现代化改造的先进农业发展模式,具有多维生产空间、多种农业功能和多元实践模式,其基本特征是以现代化大产业为核心架构,以绿色高效为根本属性,以强带动能力为突出作用。发展现代化大农业是加快农业农村现代化的主攻方向,也是加快建设农业强国的重要途径。新质生产力对现代化大农业发展具有引领作用,为现代化大农业发展明确了着力点,提供了内在支撑,开辟了新起点、新机遇和新路径。实践中,新质生产力能够有效拓展农业生产空间及功能,弥合农业科技短板,推动农业形成大产业格局,促进农业绿色低碳转型,由此引领、支撑并推动现代化大农业发展。以新质生产力引领现代化大农业发展,需要加快构建与之相适应的现代农业科技创新体系和现代化大农业产业体系,强化与之相配套的现代化大农业基础设施建设和新型农业人才队伍建设,推动与之相协调的体制机制适应性变革。

农村新生代青年低额彩礼的形成机制及其现实挑战

高额彩礼是我国近年来重点治理的突出社会问题。本研究基于对重庆石村新生代青年“零彩礼”现象的田野调查,分析当地低额彩礼的形成机制及其面临的现实挑战。石村“不算彩礼”的共识促进了婚姻交换灵活多元的发展,相对于更具仪式性的婚礼花费、改口费和房产花费,彩礼因过于货币化和功利化而被排除在有意义的婚姻交换之外。自明清流传至今的传统习俗和社会主义新风尚共同塑造了当地礼俗传统,弱代际责任感下自由恋爱、代际和性别平等的情境化解了婚姻交换的偿付和资助功能,礼物模式的婚姻交换在仪式和日常中塑造着集体道德感,即使是在跨婚姻圈的新生代中也没有形成高额彩礼。但随着社会流动性和风险性增大,当地低额彩礼实践的维系正面临着跨区域文化冲突和彩礼抵押功能强化的挑战。

新型农村集体经济高质量发展赋能共同富裕——基于20个革命老区的实证

文章基于系统理论和组态视角,聚焦革命老区新型农村集体经济高质量发展对共同富裕的赋能作用及其多因素联动效应。采用动态QCA方法分析2016—2021年我国20个革命老区重点城市的面板数据,探索新型农村集体经济高质量发展在时间维度上的组态效应,并通过Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验探究各组态在革命老区覆盖度上的空间分布差异。研究发现:单个因素并不构成高共同富裕水平的必要条件,但科技创新与技术进步、人力资本的必要性存在逐渐递增的时间效应。四条组态的一致性水平均较高,都在0.85以上,进一步提炼出共同富裕的四条组态路径,分别为“人力-科技联动型”“制度创新主导型”“科技创新驱动型”及“乡土资源开发利用型”,其中,人力资本与土地利用之间存在替代效应;在时间维度上,总体表现为解释力逐步增强,且2020年出现骤增拐点;在空间维度上,有两条组态的覆盖度存在明显的地区分布差异。

新女性写作视野中的“问题小说”创作——以马玉珍小说集《新姐》为例

张莉教授发起的“新女性写作”研究强调以真实、切近的文本形式,记录下我们这个时代的女性镜像。马玉珍的小说创作对河湟城乡女性的生存及精神状况做出了较为深入的关照和思考。创作过程中,作家启用了女性视角和写实笔法,尝试将小说这种文体用“非虚构”的笔法呈现出来,进而探寻河湟城乡女性与男性、女性与自我以及女性与整个社会之间错综复杂的关系。在真正介入河湟城乡女性的生活场域时,作家所秉持的言说方式和判断尺度,明显带有亲历性和诚挚性的一面。可以肯定的是,作家将塑造人物和提出问题的笔触探向了河湟地区历史与文化、传统与现代的根系深处,从而以真实、切近的文本形式,呈现出河湟城乡女性的重要镜像。从这个角度而言,将马玉珍的小说写作纳入“新女性写作”研究视野,具有一定的合理性和必要性。与此同时,作为乡土小说的一种基本类型,马玉珍的小说对河湟地区民风习俗的书写,无疑成为作品中重要的审美元素。

民族地区发展新型农村集体经济:基础条件、现实困境与路径选择

新型农村集体经济是实现民族地区农业农村现代化、农民生活富裕、城乡经济社会发展一体化的重要抓手,更是推进乡村全面振兴的重要载体。步入新时代,我国民族地区乡村社会依然存在组织化与市场化困境,壮大新型农村集体经济成为推动这些地区农村和农民迈向共同富裕的重要途径。民族地区发展新型农村集体经济虽然具备了一定的基础条件,但也面临着整体质量不够高、带动效应不明显、监督机制不健全及人才供给不充分等现实困境,必须通过加强党建工作引领、转型升级引领、共享发展引领与制度创新引领等方式,破解民族地区发展新型农村集体经济的困境,赋能乡村振兴,助力共同富裕。

新型城镇化背景下农村土地管理制度优化

农村发展应新型城镇化要求需在相关体制上进行追本溯源的、创新性的改革,尤其是农村的土地管理制度,存在诸多与新型城镇化发展相矛盾的问题。如今,新型城镇化的任务推进能够为农村不断完成新农村建设作出指导。为此,基于新型城镇化背景,探讨了其对农村土地管理制度改革的需求,分析了农村土地管理与新型城镇化的适配度问题,指出了农村土地管理制度中的问题,并针对相关问题提出建设性的优化策略。

水厕防冻技术在寒冷地区新农村建设中的应用研究

主要研究水厕防冻技术在寒冷地区新农村建设中的应用。介绍了水厕防冻技术的概念、原理、分类及应用现状,分析了寒冷地区新农村建设的特点、挑战和对水资源利用和管理的需求,探讨了水厕防冻技术在农村供水系统、灌溉系统、渔业和养殖业中的应用,对推广水厕防冻技术的必要性和可行性进行了分析,提出了推广策略和路径选择。

公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合的机理、挑战与对策

现阶段,县城成为城镇化体系建设中的重点环节,乡村振兴战略全面深入实施,推进县域城乡融合正当其时。公共产品一体化是城乡融合的重要载体并具有先导作用。其中,社会公共产品一体化促进城乡要素自由流动,经济公共产品一体化促进城乡产业融合,数字公共产品一体化促进城乡治理融合。县域公共产品一体化受到城乡二元体制、县级财政能力、县域公共产品特性及农村公共产品供给短板等因素挑战。需要统筹规划、构建多元可持续的投融资模式、公共产品分类转型供给、全面提升农村公共产品供给等,以公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合。

关于统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的思考

本文分析了新时代新征程统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的必要性,探讨了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的问题和挑战,进而提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的指导思想、基本原则和主要目标。在此基础上,提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的战略思路与对策建议,即要注意发挥规划引领作用,并增强县城、中心镇、特色小镇等的磁力效应;要坚持农业农村优先发展方针,加强对推进乡村全面振兴的政策支持;要全面深化农业农村改革,并强化改革对发展的赋能效应;要深化新型城镇化乃至宏观层面的相关制度创新。

城乡均衡发展大格局下我国公路服务区大网建设研究

当前我国高速公路服务区功能与畅通全国城乡产销大循环要求存在五大矛盾:一是服务区封闭,过路消费需求与沿线乡镇农特产品供给脱节;二是旅客上下中转受限,营运公司客流补充成本高昂,始发终到旅客集散时间成本猛增;三是小批量物流快件不能直接沿线集散,私营公司抢占赢利路线而弃舍高速沿线乡镇小批量件;四是旅客需求日益多样化,服务种类相对国外而言极其单薄;五是城市停车难,关键要靠市郊和城乡路网。建设开放型服务区且注重城乡均衡布点成网,是日韩和法德推动消费惠及城乡的重要成功经验,服务区集应急救援、旅客集散和换乘中转、物流仓储和快件集散交换、本地农特产售卖以及旅游观景休闲等商旅文于一体已成未来发展大势。在我国公路沿线建设数以万计的综合服务区和各类中小微网点,利用网点换乘中转实现全国客货邮“镇-镇”直达,可以更充分地发挥现有高等级公路的网络共享优势,更有效地实现客运增流、快递增质增量、城乡产销提质增速等国内双向大循环功能,将全国人民的日常经济社会活动汇集成为城乡一体共享生产、交换和消费大市场,助推实施乡村振兴,促进城乡融合发展。

植物诗词中农耕文化融入高职园林植物类课程的探索与实践——立足“三农”情怀教育

通过阐述高职院校园林植物类课程中“三农”情怀教育的重要意义,详细分析新农科背景下园林植物类课程培养师生热爱“三农”教育现状,解释挖掘植物诗词中农耕文化元素融入园林植物类课程的缘由,通过在园林植物类课程中融入农耕文化的教学设计思路视角,用4个典型教学案例详细介绍农耕文化融入园林植物类课程在课程教学过程中的具体实施步骤,并总结农耕文化融入高职园林植物类课程的效果和意义,通过农耕文化融入园林植物类课程教法改革实施探索,让学生更好理解园林植物类课程专业知识的同时具备热爱“三农”情怀,提升教育者的人文素养的同时增强教育者“三农”情怀的责任感和使命感,从而给园林植物类课程教学课堂专业知识注入活力,激发学生热爱“三农”,继承和发扬中华优秀诗词农耕文化的同时愿意建设新农村,对在乡村振兴中发挥专业优势有着积极的意义。

社会转型视野中的湖南木帆船运输业探析(1949—1952)

1949—1952年是国民经济恢复时期,社会急剧变革,各行业在新民主主义经济秩序下重建和发展。木帆船运输市场得以重建,成为当时重要的运输力量。以湖南为例,新中国成立后,木帆船运输业逐渐恢复,建立了新民主主义的运输市场秩序;降低运价,加强管理,在城乡物资交流中发挥着民船联运的优势,大运输体系建立起来;土产、矿产和粮食得以外运,工业品和食盐输往农村,农村初级市场末端得以拓展,新商业路线得到开辟,在国家工程建设中发挥着重要作用。

统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴

新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴都是推进中国式现代化必须高度重视的重大战略,是影响构建新发展格局、推进高质量发展和增进民生福祉的重大现实问题。推进新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴有机结合不是可以自动实现的,要高度重视统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的重要性和紧迫性。但就当前而言,统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴仍然面临一系列困难和问题。要注意廓清统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的主要任务,推进农业转移人口市民化提质扩面,推进城乡产业梯度化、差异化、协同化发展,建设宜居宜业和美乡村,以县城为枢纽打造县域城乡融合发展的战略支点,推进城乡基础设施互联互通和城乡基本公共服务均等化,健全城乡低收入人口、欠发达地区和问题地区常态化帮扶机制。