BACKGROUND: The liver enzyme system and blood brain barrier function of newborn rabbits are incomplete. High level of bilirubin can lead to cerebral palsy (CP) of newborn rabbits. The pathological and ultrastructural ...BACKGROUND: The liver enzyme system and blood brain barrier function of newborn rabbits are incomplete. High level of bilirubin can lead to cerebral palsy (CP) of newborn rabbits. The pathological and ultrastructural changes of brains of immature rabbits may differ from those of mature rabbits. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in dopaminergic neuron amount and ultrastructure in the extracorticospinal tract of animal models of CP induced by hyperbilirubinemia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Rehabilitation Medical College of Jiamusi University; Laboratory for Pediatric Neurology Rehabilitation of Jiamusi University. MATERIALS: Thirty newborn 2- to 5- day inbred Japanese rabbits, weighing about 50 g, of either gender, were provided by Experimental Animal Center, Jilin University. Bilirubin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibody were purchased from Sigma Corporation, USA. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory for children neuro-rehabilitation, Jiamusi University between September 2002 and December 2005. ①Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (n =10) and model group (n =20). ②Bilirubin of 100 mg/kg was given to the rabbits of model group through intraperitoneal injection, once every other day, 3 times totally; The same amount of normal saline was given to the rabbits of control group. After injection, the newborn rabbits had been fed by maternal milk for 45 days. ③TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra and corpora striatum in each area of 0.15 mm×0.15 mm were counted. Ultrastructures of substantia nigra and corpora striatum were observed under the electron miscroscope. The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue of CP rabbits of model group was measured with high performance liquid chromatogram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quantitative analysis results and ultrastructure of TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra and corpora striatum in two groups. RESULTS: Thirty newborn rabbits were involved, 6 rabbits from model group died and 4 were failed in modeling, finally, 20 rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ① The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue of newborn rabbits of model group was (59.9±17.04) mg/L, which was significantly higher than that of control group [(42.79±3.57) mg/L, P < 0.01]. ② TH positive neurons amount in the substantia nigra and corpora striatum of newborn rabbits in the model group was 30.30±9.58, 4.70±2.79, which was significantly less than that in the control group respectively (45.20±12.74, 11±2.45, P < 0.01). ③The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue was significantly negatively correlated with TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra(r =-0.69, P < 0.01); The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue was also significantly negatively correlated with TH-positive neurons in corpora striatum(r =-0.59, P < 0.01). TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra were positively correlated with those in corpora striatum (r =0.77, P < 0.01).④ Under the electron microscope, the nerve cells in substantia nigra and corpora striatum of newborn rabbits of model group were significantly changed in ultrastructure as compared with control group. CONCLUSION: Ultrastructure of extracorticospinal tract of newborn rabbits with CP is significantly changed, presenting the injury of dopaminergic neuron and decrease of neuronal amount.展开更多
Background: Results from experimental and clinical studies have shown that mechanical ventilation or/and hyperoxia may aggravate a pre-existing lung injury or even cause lung injury in healthy lungs by affecting the e...Background: Results from experimental and clinical studies have shown that mechanical ventilation or/and hyperoxia may aggravate a pre-existing lung injury or even cause lung injury in healthy lungs by affecting the expression of MMP-9, but the MMP-9 effects are controversial. How are MMP-9 regulated when multicausative factors of injury such as different FiO2, PIP, and respiratory time (RT) impose simultaneously on lungs? Methods: Newborn New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to an unventilated air control group or to one of the 2 × 3 × 3 ventilation strategies by using a factorial design, with different FiO2, PIP, and RT. Then, lung wet-to-dry ratio (W/D), lung histopathology scores, transmission electron microscope, and cells in BALF were analyzed in these different groups. MMP-9 levels were studied by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results: MMP-9 levels were significantly different among 3 PIP ventilation regimes (F = 7.215) and MPIP group was the highest among 3 PIP groups. The lung histopathology score in 100% oxygen was significantly higher than in 45% oxygen group (F = 9.037) and MPIP group was the lowest among 3 PIP groups (F = 57.515) and RT 6 h was more serious than RT 1 h. MMP-9 positively correlated with monocytes, but negatively correlated with neutrophils and lung injury histopathology scores. Conclusions: Different PIP and FiO2 exert simultaneously on newborn lung in newborn rabbits ventilation, only mechanical stretch stimulation affects MMP-9 synthesis. Advisable mechanical stretch can promote MMP-9 expression and has protective role in lung in VILI. HPIP causes barotraumas and LPIP induces atelectrauma.展开更多
目的:探讨妊娠后期兔注射四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)对仔兔的影响。方法:将10只妊娠16日长毛兔随机分成2组,实验组5只,对照组5只。实验组长毛兔每只肌内注射0.3 mg T4,对照组每只肌内注射2 ml 0.9%氯化钠注射液。观察妊娠兔甲状腺素、雌二醇及...目的:探讨妊娠后期兔注射四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)对仔兔的影响。方法:将10只妊娠16日长毛兔随机分成2组,实验组5只,对照组5只。实验组长毛兔每只肌内注射0.3 mg T4,对照组每只肌内注射2 ml 0.9%氯化钠注射液。观察妊娠兔甲状腺素、雌二醇及子兔甲状腺素、胰岛素变化。结果:T4处理后实验组妊娠兔血浆E2、T3和T4均高于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01),实验组仔兔在1～5周时T3、T4均低于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01),在第1、3、6周时胰岛素水平均低于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01);实验组妊娠兔T4处理后仔兔初生时、出生后第1～6周体质量增重均高于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01)。结论:妊娠后期兔注射甲状腺素T4可以提高仔兔初生时血浆胰岛素水平,并提高仔兔生长速度。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND: The liver enzyme system and blood brain barrier function of newborn rabbits are incomplete. High level of bilirubin can lead to cerebral palsy (CP) of newborn rabbits. The pathological and ultrastructural changes of brains of immature rabbits may differ from those of mature rabbits. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in dopaminergic neuron amount and ultrastructure in the extracorticospinal tract of animal models of CP induced by hyperbilirubinemia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Rehabilitation Medical College of Jiamusi University; Laboratory for Pediatric Neurology Rehabilitation of Jiamusi University. MATERIALS: Thirty newborn 2- to 5- day inbred Japanese rabbits, weighing about 50 g, of either gender, were provided by Experimental Animal Center, Jilin University. Bilirubin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibody were purchased from Sigma Corporation, USA. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the laboratory for children neuro-rehabilitation, Jiamusi University between September 2002 and December 2005. ①Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (n =10) and model group (n =20). ②Bilirubin of 100 mg/kg was given to the rabbits of model group through intraperitoneal injection, once every other day, 3 times totally; The same amount of normal saline was given to the rabbits of control group. After injection, the newborn rabbits had been fed by maternal milk for 45 days. ③TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra and corpora striatum in each area of 0.15 mm×0.15 mm were counted. Ultrastructures of substantia nigra and corpora striatum were observed under the electron miscroscope. The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue of CP rabbits of model group was measured with high performance liquid chromatogram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quantitative analysis results and ultrastructure of TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra and corpora striatum in two groups. RESULTS: Thirty newborn rabbits were involved, 6 rabbits from model group died and 4 were failed in modeling, finally, 20 rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ① The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue of newborn rabbits of model group was (59.9±17.04) mg/L, which was significantly higher than that of control group [(42.79±3.57) mg/L, P < 0.01]. ② TH positive neurons amount in the substantia nigra and corpora striatum of newborn rabbits in the model group was 30.30±9.58, 4.70±2.79, which was significantly less than that in the control group respectively (45.20±12.74, 11±2.45, P < 0.01). ③The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue was significantly negatively correlated with TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra(r =-0.69, P < 0.01); The concentration of bilirubin in brain tissue was also significantly negatively correlated with TH-positive neurons in corpora striatum(r =-0.59, P < 0.01). TH-positive neurons in substantia nigra were positively correlated with those in corpora striatum (r =0.77, P < 0.01).④ Under the electron microscope, the nerve cells in substantia nigra and corpora striatum of newborn rabbits of model group were significantly changed in ultrastructure as compared with control group. CONCLUSION: Ultrastructure of extracorticospinal tract of newborn rabbits with CP is significantly changed, presenting the injury of dopaminergic neuron and decrease of neuronal amount.
文摘Background: Results from experimental and clinical studies have shown that mechanical ventilation or/and hyperoxia may aggravate a pre-existing lung injury or even cause lung injury in healthy lungs by affecting the expression of MMP-9, but the MMP-9 effects are controversial. How are MMP-9 regulated when multicausative factors of injury such as different FiO2, PIP, and respiratory time (RT) impose simultaneously on lungs? Methods: Newborn New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to an unventilated air control group or to one of the 2 × 3 × 3 ventilation strategies by using a factorial design, with different FiO2, PIP, and RT. Then, lung wet-to-dry ratio (W/D), lung histopathology scores, transmission electron microscope, and cells in BALF were analyzed in these different groups. MMP-9 levels were studied by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results: MMP-9 levels were significantly different among 3 PIP ventilation regimes (F = 7.215) and MPIP group was the highest among 3 PIP groups. The lung histopathology score in 100% oxygen was significantly higher than in 45% oxygen group (F = 9.037) and MPIP group was the lowest among 3 PIP groups (F = 57.515) and RT 6 h was more serious than RT 1 h. MMP-9 positively correlated with monocytes, but negatively correlated with neutrophils and lung injury histopathology scores. Conclusions: Different PIP and FiO2 exert simultaneously on newborn lung in newborn rabbits ventilation, only mechanical stretch stimulation affects MMP-9 synthesis. Advisable mechanical stretch can promote MMP-9 expression and has protective role in lung in VILI. HPIP causes barotraumas and LPIP induces atelectrauma.
文摘目的:探讨妊娠后期兔注射四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)对仔兔的影响。方法:将10只妊娠16日长毛兔随机分成2组,实验组5只,对照组5只。实验组长毛兔每只肌内注射0.3 mg T4,对照组每只肌内注射2 ml 0.9%氯化钠注射液。观察妊娠兔甲状腺素、雌二醇及子兔甲状腺素、胰岛素变化。结果:T4处理后实验组妊娠兔血浆E2、T3和T4均高于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01),实验组仔兔在1～5周时T3、T4均低于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01),在第1、3、6周时胰岛素水平均低于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01);实验组妊娠兔T4处理后仔兔初生时、出生后第1～6周体质量增重均高于对照组(P<0.05～P<0.01)。结论:妊娠后期兔注射甲状腺素T4可以提高仔兔初生时血浆胰岛素水平,并提高仔兔生长速度。
